Hasil untuk "Engineering"

Jules White, Quchen Fu, Sam Hays et al.

Prompt engineering is an increasingly important skill set needed to converse effectively with large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT. Prompts are instructions given to an LLM to enforce rules, automate processes, and ensure specific qualities (and quantities) of generated output. Prompts are also a form of programming that can customize the outputs and interactions with an LLM. This paper describes a catalog of prompt engineering techniques presented in pattern form that have been applied to solve common problems when conversing with LLMs. Prompt patterns are a knowledge transfer method analogous to software patterns since they provide reusable solutions to common problems faced in a particular context, i.e., output generation and interaction when working with LLMs. This paper provides the following contributions to research on prompt engineering that apply LLMs to automate software development tasks. First, it provides a framework for documenting patterns for structuring prompts to solve a range of problems so that they can be adapted to different domains. Second, it presents a catalog of patterns that have been applied successfully to improve the outputs of LLM conversations. Third, it explains how prompts can be built from multiple patterns and illustrates prompt patterns that benefit from combination with other prompt patterns.

R. W. Cahn

M. J. Mitchell, Margaret M. Billingsley, Rebecca M. Haley et al.

In recent years, the development of nanoparticles has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. Nanoparticles have been developed to overcome the limitations of free therapeutics and navigate biological barriers — systemic, microenvironmental and cellular — that are heterogeneous across patient populations and diseases. Overcoming this patient heterogeneity has also been accomplished through precision therapeutics, in which personalized interventions have enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, nanoparticle development continues to focus on optimizing delivery platforms with a one-size-fits-all solution. As lipid-based, polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles are engineered in increasingly specified ways, they can begin to be optimized for drug delivery in a more personalized manner, entering the era of precision medicine. In this Review, we discuss advanced nanoparticle designs utilized in both non-personalized and precision applications that could be applied to improve precision therapies. We focus on advances in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous barriers to delivery, arguing that intelligent nanoparticle design can improve efficacy in general delivery applications while enabling tailored designs for precision applications, thereby ultimately improving patient outcome overall. Advances in nanoparticle design could make substantial contributions to personalized and non-personalized medicine. In this Review, Langer, Mitchell, Peppas and colleagues discuss advances in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous barriers to delivery, as well as the challenges in translating these design improvements into personalized medicine approaches.

S. Mirjalili, A. Gandomi, Seyedeh Zahra Mirjalili et al.

S. Freeman, Sarah L. Eddy, Miles J. McDonough et al.

Hugo A. Jakobsen

John Millar Carroll, M. Rosson

C. Wohlin

Le Cong, F. Ran, David B. T. Cox et al.

P. Mali, Luhan Yang, K. Esvelt et al.

F. Ran, P. Hsu, Jason B Wright et al.

C. Wohlin, P. Runeson, Martin Höst et al.

P. Runeson, Martin Höst

Case study is a suitable research methodology for software engineering research since it studies contemporary phenomena in its natural context. However, the understanding of what constitutes a case study varies, and hence the quality of the resulting studies. This paper aims at providing an introduction to case study methodology and guidelines for researchers conducting case studies and readers studying reports of such studies. The content is based on the authors’ own experience from conducting and reading case studies. The terminology and guidelines are compiled from different methodology handbooks in other research domains, in particular social science and information systems, and adapted to the needs in software engineering. We present recommended practices for software engineering case studies as well as empirically derived and evaluated checklists for researchers and readers of case study research.

F. Menter

D. Budgen, P. Brereton

G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton, Metcalf et al.

B. Boehm

C. Wickens, J. G. Hollands, S. Banbury et al.

R. Felder, L. Silverman

Michael T. Brunner

Michael Brunner will discuss his current responsibilities at Boeing as well as review his previous professional accomplishments since graduating from UB in 1984. Biographical sketch: Michael Brunner is the Senior Manager Fleet Support Engineering Airframe at the Boeing Company where he is responsible for structures support for 747, 767 and 777. Michael's primary responsibilities include providing technical solutions to daily service requests from operators and maintenance depots, development of service bulletins and supporting AOG requests. Michael's team also provides technical leadership for key fleet issues including Aging Aircraft Safety Rule, Widespread Fatigue Damage, and Scribelines. Michael has technical expertise in advanced materials and structures for aerospace systems. He has extensive project management experience in new business and product development, supplier management, financial controls and government contracts. He has led inter disciplinary teams encompassing multiple Boeing sites as well as multiple aerospace companies. Michael has supported numerous major airplane programs over his 27 years in the aerospace industry including development of the B-2 bomber in the 1980s, sponsored research into a second generation supersonic transport to replace the Concorde in the 1990s, development of the longer range derivative of the 777 in the early 2000s, and most recently the development of the 787.