Hasil untuk "Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform"

Jacek Śliwak, Aleksandra A. Bednarczyk, Daria Ziarkiewicz-Powolny

The well-being of employees in terms of eudemonia has recently gained popularity among researchers. The aim of the study was to verify the relationship between employee well-being and mental resilience. The study was conducted on 109 soldiers from the corps of privates and non-commissioned officers. The subjects were men aged 27 to 57 years (mean age: M = 37.37, SD = 5.60), mainly soldiers of the Polish Air Force (89%). The study used the Workplace Well-being Questionnaire (EWWQ), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) and the Psychoimmunological Structure Scale (SSP), which examined resilience. The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between employee well-being and mental resilience. The obtained results are in agreement with previous scientific reports. Engagement as a mediator between correlation mental resilience (will and desire for a meaningful life, coping in difficult situations and proactive behaviour) and employee well-being.

Cristian Sebastian Castaño Orozco

A partir de un ejercicio etnográfico, este artículo identifica apuestas de paz territorial impulsadas por dos organizaciones campesinas del suroccidente colombiano, distintas a las de los gobiernos de Juan Manuel Santos e Iván Duque para implementar el Acuerdo Final de Paz, ligadas a unos horizontes propios de territorialidad campesina. Se identifica la existencia de unos conflictos de índole territorial, de los cuales emergen elementos ligados a una Paz Territorial Campesina, como la soberanía alimentaria, la gobernanza comunitaria y el reconocimiento del campesinado como sujeto de derechos.

Luz María Salazar Cruz, Tania Chávez

Este artículo analiza el feminicidio en México: definición, tipología e incidencia (2015-2021) a través de los datos proporcionados por el Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública (SESNSP) referidos en la incidencia delictiva del fuero común; se realiza un análisis a nivel estatal y municipal de los registros para identificar las entidades y municipios con mayor cantidad de reportes en el periodo analizado. El supuesto de la incidencia del feminicidio intencional vincula la motivación y dolo por parte de los perpetradores desde presupuestos sexistas y misóginos, tal como lo anuncian las tipologías relativas al feminicidio en México.

Emilia Klein Malacarne, Rodrigo Ghiringhelli de Azevedo

Por meio de um estudo empírico comparativo, a presente pesquisa propõe-se a comparar as práticas judiciais para apuração de autoria de ato infracional e os discursos legitimadores em Porto Alegre (RS) e no Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Verificou-se, em ambos os locais, um abismo entre teoria e prática. Percebeu-se que o sistema de justiça juvenil fluminense não confere maiores garantias aos adolescentes, em comparação com o gaúcho. Observou-se a permanência de resquícios da lógica tutelar nas decisões judiciais e nas manifestações dos atores processuais em sentido contrário às conquistas do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA).

Sayan Dey

<p class="first" id="d416445e73">The biomedical crisis of COVID-19 in India has amplified several other crises, namely; social, cultural, communal, religious, geographical, economic, political, racial and gender. It is important to note that these crises are not new - they were already socio-culturally embedded and functional in the pre-COVID-19 era. With the inception of COVID-19, these crises have been further aggravated through the re-configuration and re-systematisation of various forms of social, cultural, political, economic, racial, geographical, religious and economic violence. With respect to these arguments, this commentary focuses on how the outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an alarming rise in racial hatred against the residents of Northeast India in the contemporary era. Through socio-historically analysing the problematic rise of racial hatred, the commentary also identifies the various ways through which the pandemic of COVID-19 is not only functioning as a disease, but also as a “disease” of body-politics and racism. </p>

Karwan Fatah-Black

Angelie Sens

Lucy Kiama, Fredrick Koome

Internal displacement in Kenya has been a challenge since the colonial era but only recently has a legal framework been developed to address IDP protection issues. The process of developing this framework offers some useful lessons for stakeholders in similar situations.

Cristina Castillo Rodríguez, Sonia Ríos Moyano

La colaboración en el aprendizaje es una tendencia que impera actualmente en el entorno educativo. Además, la tecnología en general ha pasado a formar parte de nuestra vida cotidiana de tal forma que no podemos concebir determinados dominios del conocimiento sin su uso, como el ámbito de la educación. En este artículo se ofrece una clasificación de herramientas y entornos virtuales para promover la adquisición de contenidos de varias disciplinas y para fomentar un aprendizaje colaborativo.

André Zanetic

<p>A atividade conhecida como policiamento vem pas­sando por importantes mudanças em diversas partes do mundo. O processo de expansão dos serviços de segurança privada figura como importante aspecto dessa transformação. O estudo sobre o tema, entre­tanto, apresenta ainda lacunas, seja pela carência de informações substantivas sobre o setor, seja pela au­sência de uma caracterização conceitual sobre seus aspectos centrais. Este artigo problematiza o con­ceito de policiamento, as aproximações e distinções entre polícia e segurança privada e a questão do uso da força na sociedade, tendo em vista as questões pertinentes aos conceitos discutidos.</p><p> </p><p><em>The activity known as policing has been undergoing significant changes in various parts of the world. The expansion of private security services has been a key factor in this transformation. However, gaps remain in the studies into this topic, whether due to a lack of substantial information about the area, or the absence of a conceptual characterization of its central aspects. The article </em><strong><em>Policing, Private Security and the Use of Force: Concept and Descriptive Characteristics </em></strong><em>critically questions the concept of policing, the similarities and distinctions between the police and private security and the question of the use of force in society, bearing in mind issues relevant to the concepts discussed. </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>policing, police, private security, use of force, monopoly of violence by the State</em></p>

José María Báez y Pérez de Tudela

El origen de la pasión por el fútbol se halla en los años veinte y treinta del siglo pasado, período en el que se produjo la profesionalización del deporte. El Real Madrid, con sus éxitos en la Copa de España y la Liga, fue uno de los equipos que contribuyó a la consolidación del deporte como espectáculo de masas. Los medios de comunicación como la prensa, la radio y el cine dieron testimonio de esta difusión del fútbol. La expansión del espectáculo deportivo se produjo al mismo tiempo que la población reivindicaba una mayor participación en los asuntos públicos. El ocio de masas convivió con la movilización política, no fue un instrumento para someter a la población.

Erin Mooney

Though intended as temporary places of shelter, collective centres often become a place where IDPs or refugees stay for years, even decades.

Noraida Abdullah Karim

In May 2007 the Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children1 presented its annual Voices of Courage awards to three displaced people who have dedicated their lives to promoting economic opportunities for refugee and displaced women and youth. These are their (edited) testimonies.

Lucy Carroll

James A. Malloy

Julian E. Zelizer

Congressional scholars have a unique opportunity to reconnect the histories of American state and society, a task central to the new generation of political historians. As MarkLeff (1995:852) recently argued, social and political historians have come to realize that they “ignored the other at their peril” and that “interaction was the only way to interrogate power—how it was structured and changed, where it was contested, how it was exerted, what its impact was, and what assumptions shaped the discourse that framed it” (see also Gillon 1997).To accomplish the challenge of integrating social and political history, congressional historians will have to examine how the institution’s development related to external forces. Much of what has been written about Congress thus far remains insular.A handful of books published in the past two decades suggest how integration can be accomplished. InSectionalism and American Political Development 1880–1980, Richard Bensel (1984) situates the internal development of Congress within the larger context of sectional tensions between the “industrial northern core” and the “underdeveloped southern and western periphery.” He pays close attention to key policy decisions and the ongoing struggle between decentralized committee and centralized partisan power to show the influence of sectionalism.

NADOC N°4 NADOC N°4

La situación de violencia institucionalizada es anticristiana, “por más que los responsables de ella se empeñen en profesar de palabra su cristianismo”: el documento hace una larga enumeración de violencias de los derechos: asesinatos, fusilamientos, torturas, detenciones arbitrarias, rechazo al derecho del “Habeas Corpus” y de la defensa legal de los presos políticos, atentados contra la libertad de expresión, contra el derecho de asociación, etc. Se persigue sistemáticamente a todo el que disiente de las medidas del gobierno: se tilda de extremista, comunista o guerrillero a los opositores del gobierno. Se olvida que la paz solo se obtiene creando un orden nuevo que comparta una justicia más prefecta entre los hombres, y que “la oposición ejercida por los grupos de poder pueda dar impresión de mantener la paz y el orden, pero en realidad no es sino el German continuo e inevitable de rebeliones y guerras” (CELAM, Medellin, Paz, 14a).

Georgi Verbeeck

Isabel Álvarez

Sin resumen

Felipe Herranz Sánchez

Sin resumen