Ming Zhang, Jeffrey B. Driban, Lori Lyn Price
et al.
The purpose of this study was to expand and validate the cartilage damage index (CDI) to detect cartilage damage in thelateraltibiofemoral compartment. We used an iterative 3-step process to develop and validate the lateral CDI: development (100 knees), testing (80 knees), and validation (100 knees). The validation set included 100 knees from the Osteoarthritis Initiative that was enriched to include all grades of lateral joint space narrowing (JSN, 0–3). Measurement of the CDI was rapid at 7.4 (s.d. 0.73) minutes per knee pair (baseline and follow-up of one knee). The intratester reliability is good (intraclass correlation coefficient (3, 1 model) = 0.86 to 0.98). At baseline, knees with greater KL grade and lateral JSN had a lower mean CDI (i.e., greater cartilage damage). Baseline lateral CDI is associated with both lateral JSW (r=0.81to 0.85,p<0.01) and HKA (r=-0.30to −0.33,p<0.05). The SRM is good (lateral femur SRM = −0.76; lateral tibia SRM = −0.73; lateral tibiofemoral total SRM = −0.87). The lateral tibiofemoral CDI quantification allows for rapid evaluation and is reliable and responsive, with good construct validity. It may be an efficient method to measure lateral tibiofemoral articular cartilage in large clinical and epidemiologic studies.
Abstract A catalytic asymmetric approach to either of the enantiomers of naturally occurring sesquiterpenes, i.e., (+)-ar-elvirol (1a) and (−)-ar-elvirol (ent-1a), has been achieved via a reductive transposition of a tertiary alcohol following a key allylic diazene arrangement (ADR) from an advanced enantioenriched tertiary allyl alcohol. The ADR proceeds via the reductive transposition of olefin under the Mitsunobu reaction with o-nitro benzene sulfonyl hydrazide followed by the decomposition of the sulfonyl hydrazide adduct. This approach has been utilized for the total syntheses of bisabolene sesquiterpenoids, (+)-ar-elvirol methyl ether (1b) and (−)-ar-elvirol methyl ether (ent-1b).
This research explores the multifaceted pharmacological actions of essential oils and its constituents, derived as secondary metabolites from aromatic plants, with a particular focus on their potent wound healing and antibacterial activities, elucidating their significance in therapeutic approach towards infected wounds. An in silico screening was carried out to identify the interaction between the bioactive essential oil contituents (EOC) such as cinnamaldehyde, citral, geraniol, linalool, and p-cymene, docked against various target proteins associated with antibiotic resistance and wound healing, including mec A (PDB ID- 4DK1), nor A (PDB ID- 7LO8), TGF- β1 (PDB ID- 1PY5), TGF- β2 (PDB ID- 1M9Z), VEGF (PDB ID-3QTK), GSK-3β (PDB ID-1Q5K) and MMP-9 (PDB ID-5UE4). The docking was done with AutoDock V 4.0 using five EOCs against seven receptors and the binding energy was gaged. The binding energy of EOCs were observed to be ranging from -5.3 kcal/mol to -2.55 kcal/mol. Notably, all the screened EOCs exhibited favourable binding affinity with GSK-3β, indicating their potential role in the inflammatory phase of wound healing. Additionally, towards antibiotic resistance, all EOC displayed adequate binding affinity with norA, suggesting their potential in modulating multidrug resistant efflux pumps. Compliance with Lipinski's rule, positions these EOC as promising candidates for drug development, particularly in the context of wound healing and antibiotic resistance. This study holds the promise of contributing novel insights to the field of wound care and combating antibiotic resistance, paving the way for innovative approaches in addressing the challenges posed by multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) infected wounds.
Rizkika Lhena Darwin, Lecturer in the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social and Government Sciences, State Islamic University of Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Abstract In the previous chapter we reviewed both the conceptual and mathematical foundations of diffusion in solids and showed that the Arrhenius relationship could be linked with solutions of the diffusion equation (for a constant D) to yield an expression that relates temperature and heating duration to the degree of argon loss [eq. (5.26)1 Although useful as an illustration of how knowledge of diffusion parameters can be used to extract thermal history information from a disturbed isotopic system, the underlying assumptions inherent in this equation (i.e., a heating episode of constant temperature and short duration relative to the time of argon accumulation) restrict its geological application to rather few circumstances.