The lifetimes of low-lying excited states below the 8+ seniority isomer were directly measured using fast timing detectors in the neutron-deficient isotopes 98,100Cd. This experiment was conducted with the DEcay SPECtroscopy (DESPEC) setup at GSI, where the ions of interest were produced via a fragmentation reaction and identified using the FRagment Separator (FRS) before being implanted in the AIDA active stopper system, and the γ rays emitted during the de-excitation of isomeric states were detected by the LaBr3 FATIMA Array. The newly deduced values for the reduced transition probabilities were compared with shell-model calculations using different interactions and effective charges. The results indicate that, while 98Cd aligns well with a seniority scheme description, in 100Cd the transition strengths among low-lying states are not fully reproduced, and the nature of these states remains an open problem within the present theoretical description. Ultimately, a key element in the description of this region, crucial for nuclear physics and astrophysics, appears to be the proton-neutron term of the nuclear effective interaction.
Kolos Nemes, Gabriella Mihalekné Fűr, Alexandra Benő
et al.
The advances in the field of cancer genomics have enabled researchers and clinicians to identify altered pathways and regulatory networks that differentiate subtypes manifesting as differential phenotypes of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). The clinical heterogeneity observed among lung NEN subtypes reflects underlying biological distinctions, including differential mutation patterns, epigenetic changes and immune microenvironment activities. Although in many cases only a handful of underlying genes are used to differentiate patients, broader gene signatures might result in finer separation and help identify patients with differential survival. Lung NENs are vastly underrepresented in pan-cancer studies, resulting in lacking options to explore datasets. To this end, we developed a freely available website (https://survsig.hcemm.eu/) which allows users to upload potential genes of interest, perform patient clustering, compare survival and explore gene expression signature of lung NENs. Leveraging these biological differences enhances the accuracy of gene expression-based prognostic classifiers like SurvSig.
Innovative technological solutions have become increasingly critical in addressing the transportation sector’s environmental impact. Passenger vehicles present an opportunity to introduce novel drivetrain solutions that can quickly penetrate the electric vehicle market due to their shorter development time and lifetime compared to commercial vehicles. As environmental policy pressure increases and customers demand more sustainable products, shifting from a linear business approach to a circular economy model is in prospect. The new generation of economically competitive machines must be designed with a restorative intention, considering future reuse, refurbishment, remanufacture, and recycling possibilities. This review investigates the market penetration possibilities of permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machines for mini and small-segment electric vehicles, considering the urban environment and sustainability aspects of the circular economy model. When making changes to the materials used in an electric machine, it is crucial to evaluate their potential impact on efficiency while keeping the environmental impact of those materials in mind. The indirect ecological effect of the vehicle’s use phase may outweigh the reduction in manufacturing and recycling at its end-of-life. Therefore, thoroughly analysing the materials used in the design process is necessary to ensure maximum efficiency while minimising the environmental impact.
The goal of the indoor localization is to determine the position and orientation of people, devices, and mobile robots. With the rise of Industry 4.0, wireless communication technologies have emerged as a rapidly evolving and crucial area for achieving this goal. Various radiocommunication-based technologies, including Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wi-Fi, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), and ZigBee offer means to indirectly estimate distance. These methods leverage diverse principles such as time-based measurements, signal strength, and angle of arrival. Indoor positioning systems can be categorized into two approaches: distance-based and distance-independent techniques. The Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) model describes the connection between distance and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The parameters within this model significantly impact distance estimation and localization accuracy. Therefore, a method that accurately characterizes the model is critical. This work proposes an orientation-based localization technique utilizing RSSI and trilateration. Measurements were conducted between two ESP32 units in various orientations to obtain optimal parameters for each specific scenario. To assess the effectiveness of this approach, two scenarios were evaluated: one considering orientation and another neglecting it. The results show that incorporating orientation information leads to significantly more accurate positioning compared to the orientation-agnostic approach.
In this article, a preliminary exploratory study is undertaken to cover a lesser researched topic in the tourism literature concerning the conceptualisation of heritage-based routes. A route of less-known heritage that crosses a territory with varied cultures is proposed. It is intended that the route contributes to the practice of creating itineraries for tourists. The route extends from Central Europe to the Iberian Peninsula and is related to historical and mythical legacies of Elisabeth of Hungary (1207-1231); Landgrave of Thuringia and; Isabel (Elisabeth), Princess of Aragon (1270?-1336) and Queen of Portugal. In this research, we opt for a qualitative approach, using both primary and secondary sources of data collection. Documentary sources, namely cultural-historical-mythical, field observation undertaken over several years and visual material collected. Results led to defining a common theme, as they share the miracle that earned them immortality – the miracle of the roses. Secondly, heritage elements were obtained and information on their history was collected to highlight specificities of the territories and identify the cultural path and points along the route.
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion, Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
The application of virtual reality (VR) in geography education is regarded as a progressive and proactive method that has still not gained sufficient attention in the educational policy in Hungary. The aim of our review is to find the ways and means to make it happen. We selected 47 works that are closely linked to geography teaching and analyzed their bibliometric (authorship and journal characteristics, types of works and applied methods, keywords, referencing, and co-citation networks) and contextual characteristics (research objectives, demographic, gender and social background, hardware and software specifications, advantages and disadvantages, conclusions, and predictions) which we expected to help us to understand the slow implementation and undeserved marginalization of VR in the curricular geography education. We used a mixed-method research analysis combining elements of quantitative and qualitative analysis using inductive reasoning. Our preliminary assumption that the application of VR technology is an effective and useful way of teaching geography was proved by our findings. The methods used by the authors of the reviewed empirical works, together with the recommended future research topics and strategies, can be applied to future empirical research on the use of VR in geography education.
Németország lassan 33 éve újra egységes, a 2022-es ünnepségek mottója az együttesen növekedni, „Zusammenwachsen” volt. Aktuálisan a német egység politika abból indul ki, hogy a két országrész felzárkózása, összenövése sikeresen befejeződött, így jelenleg a covidregeneráció, az energiaválság, az élelmiszerválság, a klímaválság, a munkaerőhiány, a migráció kezelése, az ukrajnai háború, a beszállítórendszerek újragondolása, az energiaszektor strukturális átalakítása állnak a középpontban az „Új remény - Neue Hoffnung” jegyében. Ugyanakkor a német egység napja alkalmából készített INSA-felmérés szerint a németek többsége nem tartja sikeresnek az egységesülési folyamatot. A megkérdetett nyugatnémetek 47 százaléka, illetve a keletnémetek 56 százaléka elégedetlen. Csupán 44 százaléknyi nyugatnémet és 33 százaléknyi keletnémet beszél sikeres egységről. Jelen cikkemben ezt a több mint harminc éves kohéziós folyamatot vizsgálom meg, illetve elemzem, különös hangsúlyt helyezve a regionális politika eszközrendszerére, valamint a két Németországban párhuzamosan lezajlott támogatási programokra, továbbá a regionalitást, a tartományok közötti párbeszédet garantáló intézményekre.
Urban sprawl is known to have a negative impact on the environment and is considered one of the main challenges
in urban development. The current work aims to understand the spatio-temporal characteristics of urban growth and its
environmental impact in the city of Amman. The paper's empirical method relies on NDVI, NDBI, and LST calculated using
remote sensing and GIS techniques. For this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper Landsat 5-TM images from 1990, 1995, 1999,
and 2004 were acquired, as well as Landsat 8-OLI images from 2013, 2017, and 2022. The surface temperature of Amman
has increased as the area of paved roads, residential, commercial and industrial land use types have increased, while green
spaces and vacant lots have decreased. The NDVI analysis revealed that there was variation in the vegetation index during the
study year due to human activities as well as climatic change. Correlations between biophysical variables and LST revealed
that NDVI had a significant negative correlation, while NDBI had a positive relationship. Further, a significant positive
correlation was observed between road networks and built-up areas which enhance the occurrence of urban sprawl due to urbanization. This study highlighted the significance of considering the environmental consequences of urban sprawl when developing and implementing GAM policies and strategies.
Purushottam Sharma, Devesh Tulsian, Chaman Verma
et al.
Language plays a vital role in the communication of ideas, thoughts, and information to others. Hearing-impaired people also understand our thoughts using a language known as sign language. Every country has a different sign language which is based on their native language. In our research paper, our major focus is on Indian Sign Language, which is mostly used by hearing- and speaking-impaired communities in India. While communicating our thoughts and views with others, one of the most essential factors is listening. What if the other party is not able to hear or grasp what you are talking about? This situation is faced by nearly every hearing-impaired person in our society. This led to the idea of introducing an audio to Indian Sign Language translation system which can erase this gap in communication between hearing-impaired people and society. The system accepts audio and text as input and matches it with the videos present in the database created by the authors. If matched, it shows corresponding sign movements based on the grammar rules of Indian Sign Language as output; if not, it then goes through the processes of tokenization and lemmatization. The heart of the system is natural language processing which equips the system with tokenization, parsing, lemmatization, and part-of-speech tagging.
One of the most recent techniques for the on-farm diagnosis of early pregnancy (EP) in cattle is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from Days 25 to 30 post-AI. The reliability of the test greatly depends on the frequency of the transducer used, the skill of the examiner, the criterion used for a positive pregnancy diagnosis (PD), and the position of the uterus in the pelvic inlet. Non-pregnant animals can be selected accurately by evaluating blood flow in the corpus luteum around Day 20 after AI, meaning we can substantially improve the reproductive efficiency of our herd. Pregnancy protein assays (PSPB, PAG-1, and PSP60 RIA, commercial ELISA or rapid visual ELISA tests) may provide an alternative method to ultrasonography for determining early pregnancy or late embryonic/early fetal mortality (LEM/EFM) in dairy cows. Although the early pregnancy factor is the earliest specific indicator of fertilization, at present, its detection is entirely dependent on the use of the rosette inhibition test; therefore, its use in the field needs further developments. Recently found biomarkers like interferon-tau stimulated genes or microRNAs may help us diagnose early pregnancy in dairy cows; however, these tests need further developments before their general use in the farms becomes possible.
Ana Julia Bonzanini Bernardi, Andressa Liegi Vieira Costa
In the latest elections many populists’ figures and right-wing extremists got elected or became stronger worldwide. It is well known that crises facilitate the concentration and abuse of power, once citizens are more likely to tolerate and support authoritarian measures. It is known that not all populist governments are the same, in this paper we seek to investigate the public opinion and the political culture of each population that elected those populist leaders in Brazil, the USA and Hungary. First, we discuss the political background of each country, as well as the profile of the leaders and their usage of fake news during the campaign. Second, we assess public opinion, political culture of the population for the last two electoral years in each country. In the third and last part, we draw comparisons between these three countries observing changes in the digital political scenario, based on the indexes of the V-Dem Institute (Varieties of Democracy) 2019.
Objective: The objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of family firm internationalisation, focusing on the roles of ownership (i.e. concentration of ownership, foreign ownership) and management (i.e. involvement of nonfamily managers, owner-CEO).
Research Design & Methods: We test our hypothesis using linear regression models and logistic regression models, based on a sample of 6,957 family firms from seven European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, UK).
Findings: The concentration of ownership within the family hinders the propensity to export, but it has no effect on export intensity and export scope. Foreign ownership contributes to firm performance and that the impact of minority foreign ownership is more pronounced than the controlling foreign ownership. The involvement of nonfamily managers enhances internationalisation, and that owner-CEO hinders internationalisation, but only in terms of global exporting.
Implications & Recommendations: The inclusion of outsiders (both in terms of ownership and management) enhances family firms’ internationalisation. This finding is particularly relevant to family business planning to expand abroad. We encourage further research investigating the relationships between different dimensions of ‘familiness’ and firm internationalisation, preferably in a multi-country context (e.g. advanced versus emerging economies).
Contribution & Value Added: The originality of this work lies in treating family firms as a heterogeneous group and investigating the impact of different dimensions of ’familiness’ (i.e. ownership structure, composition of TMTs) upon an internationalisation strategy.
Due to the general demographic situation in Hungary and the recent overall crisis of this traditional settlement-type, Hungarian small towns have been facing an intensive shrinking since the last decade. Although natural decrease and migration loss are almost equal factors of population decline, outmigration seems to be a more strategic, critical problem for these settlements. There are hardly any reliable data available about the migrants leaving small towns, but some of them seem to support the wellknown assumption that the young people, who leave these towns are looking for wider horizons and better perspectives. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the outmigration of young adults from small towns, and give estimation about the international aspects of migration, which is hardly ever published in official statistics. The paper also aims at revealing the impact of the intensive migration on the local labour market. A short statistical analysis based on census data and two empirical surveys conducted by the authors are also included. One was carried out with the support of volunteer contributors, former small-town students, who tried to reconstruct the post-secondary school migration of their former classmates. The other survey contains a series of interviews focusing on the consequences of the young adults’ migration on the labour market. The results facilitate the estimation regarding the (weak) capability of small towns to keep their young population, and highlight the problems of local developmental options within the context of demographic shrinkage.
The analysis on the border crossings, as the objects to decrease the separation effect, is really important for our country, to evaluate the connection of the neighbouring and other nearby countries and international economic centres with Hungary. In our country’s life the cross-border partnerships have an important role because of historical and cultural causes. In recent article, our task is to analyse changes of the cross-border traffic, with the help of the spatial econometrics. The goal is, to show the effect of five outstanding areas on the crossing traffic, and to analyse the spatial connection between them.
In the past years, new patterns of regional disparities between metropolised core regions and the remaining parts of Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) have emerged. Such spatial disparities have lately fuelled concerns about further regional polarisation and the peripheralisation of non-metropolitan regions in particular. This is the case although balancing spatial development has been a major goal of European Regional Policy. The paper argues that there is a clear need to bett er understand the social, economic, discursive and political processes constituting regional polarisation and to conduct further research on approaches to deal with and respond to peripheralisation. The proposed research agenda focuses on a multi-scalar relation between core and peripheral regions and applies a process based dynamic understanding of peripherality and centrality. Following this, peripheralised regions bear agency capacities and cannot be seen as powerless victims of some overarching processes associated with the globalising economy. Applying the notions of polarisation and peripheralisation to guide further research, offers multi-dimensional, multi-scalar and process based conceptualisations of regional development research. With the proposed research agenda, I would like to open up the discussion on new interpretations of the terms peripherality and centrality, rurality and urbanity, border and rural areas, core and peripheral regions, and contribute to the development of new approaches in multi-level governance and ultimately in regional policy.
This paper first explores the polarizationthesis, according to which between 1990-2010 political polarization increased to a large extent in the Hungarian political elite and among citizens, although it did not undermine the stability of the political system. Second, it gives an endogenousexplanation for this phenomenon. Third, through theoretical discussion and empirical examples taken from Hungarian politics it is revealed that although growing polarization has not generated regime instability, it reduces, or might reduce, the efficiency of the operation of democracy. Five mechanisms of the effects of ideological polarization which weaken democratic accountability are explored.
Csorba Szilveszter, Raveloson Andrea, Tóth Eszter
et al.
Mathematical models are effective tools for evaluating the impact of predicted climate change on agricultural production, but it is difficult to test their applicability to future weather conditions. We applied the SWAP model to assess its applicability to climate conditions, differing from those, for which the model was developed. We used a database obtained from a winter wheat drought stress experiment. Winter wheat was grown in six soil columns, three having optimal water supply (NS), while three were kept under drought-stressed conditions (S). The SWAP model was successfully calibrated against measured values of potential evapotranspiration (PET), potential evaporation (PE) and total amount of water (TSW) in the soil columns. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (N-S) for TWS for the stressed columns was 0.92. For the NS treatment, we applied temporally variable soil hydraulic properties because of soil consolidation caused by regular irrigation. This approach improved the N-S values for the wetting-drying cycle from -1.77 to 0.54. We concluded that the model could be used for assessing the effects of climate change on soil water regime. Our results indicate that soil water balance studies should put more focus on the time variability of structuredependent soil properties.