The increasing population of mesopredators in Central Europe necessitates precise monitoring for effective game management. This study aimed to estimate the minimum population and reproduction of the European badger (<i>Meles meles</i>), red fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>), and golden jackal (<i>Canis aureus</i>) in two hunting grounds in southwestern Hungary (Drávaszentes and Darány). Methods included a total burrow count conducted in early 2025, followed by the deployment of wildlife cameras at inhabited setts to record adults and cubs. Results indicated an inhabited burrow density of 1.05/100 ha for badgers and 0.38/100 ha for foxes in Drávaszentes, with average litter sizes of 1.13 and 2.33 cubs, respectively. In Darány, badger density was 1.43/100 ha, while jackals were present at 0.2/100 ha. Additionally, habitat composition preference was analysed using QGIS by comparing Corine Land Cover categories within 400 m buffers around burrows against random points. Habitat analysis suggested local preferences for non-irrigated arable land and mixed forests. These findings provide essential baseline data on predator population dynamics to support conscious management decisions.
Leslie Citrome,1 Pál Czobor,2 Marina Komaroff,3 Mahwish Khan,3 Masami Hasebe,4 Takaaki Terahara4 1Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; 2Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; 3Product Development, Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Jersey City, NJ, USA; 4Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Marina Komaroff, Product Development, Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 100 Town Square, 5th Floor, Jersey City, NJ, 07310, USA, Tel +1 551-233-2645, Email MKomaroff@noven.comPurpose: HP-3070, the first asenapine transdermal system (patch), is indicated for adults with schizophrenia. The US Food and Drug Administration recommends analyzing clinical outcome data by using meaningful score difference (MSD) and meaningful score regions (MSRs) to determine what score changes are clinically meaningful to patients. This post hoc analysis aimed to determine the MSD and MSRs in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score from the pivotal phase 3 study of HP-3070.Patients and Methods: Clinician-Rated Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) scores were used as anchors to quantify improvement from baseline to Week 6 in PANSS total score. The following were identified: MSD—change and percentage change in PANSS for ≥ 50% of responders (CGI-I=1,2) and MSRs—change and percentage change in PANSS by baseline CGI-S for 25th and 75th percentiles of responders.Results: In total, 616 patients were evaluated. The mean (SD) baseline PANSS total score was 96.6 (9.5). MSD of change in PANSS score was − 30 points. MSDs of percentage change in PANSS scores were − 32% and − 46% based on calculations without and with adjustment for the scale’s minimum score, respectively. For all responders defined as CGI-I=1 or 2, MSRs of change in PANSS score ranged from − 37 to − 24. MSRs of percentage change in PANSS score ranged from − 39% to − 25% without adjustment and − 57% to − 37% with adjustment.Conclusion: The MSD and MSRs provide an estimate of expected treatment effect on schizophrenia patients in a population and serve as a threshold to identify individual patients with clinically meaningful improvement. These results contribute to the ongoing discussion of what constitutes a clinically meaningful response in patients with an acute episode of schizophrenia and provide an estimate of the expected treatment effect of HP-3070.Keywords: schizophrenia, PANSS, post hoc analysis
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
These notes follow a lecture series at the "Singularities and low dimensional topology" winter school at the Rényi Institute in January 2023, with a target audience of graduate students in singularity theory and low-dimensional topology. The lectures discuss the basics of four-dimensional manifold topology, connecting this rich subject to knot theory on one side and to contact, symplectic, and complex geometry (through Stein surfaces) on the other side of the spectrum.
For the second time, the legal historians of the Faculty of Law of the University of Szeged participated in the international research group supported by the Visegrad Grant. The central topic of the project, which was implemented between 2021-2022, was the comparative study of the development of Polish, Czech and Hungarian legal systems between the two World Wars. The consortium project “(Dis)continuity of Legal Systems in Czechoslovakia, Hungary & Poland after WWII: Difficult Heritage”, launched in February 2024, focused on the Sovietisation of the legal systems of Central and Eastern European countries, but the methodology remained the same, as the socialist legislation was examined using the methodology of comparative law, in which the international conference organised in the framework of the project played a significant role. Five universities were involved in the research: the Jagellonian University and the University of Bialystok in Poland, the University of Trnava in Slovakia, the University of Plzeň in the Czech Republic, the and the Hungarian Department of Legal History of the University of Szeged in Hungary.
History (General) and history of Europe, History of Law
Glossina pallidipes, a major vector of African trypanosomiasis, plays a notable role in disease transmission across eastern and southern Africa due to its broad host range, ecological adaptability, and vectorial capacity. This study combined machine learning using 69 environmental, climatic, edaphic, and developmental variables and genetic analysis to delineate the environmental and phylogenetic structuring of G. pallidipes populations. Kernel density estimation revealed three primary hotspots in the Ethiopian and East African Highlands and the Northern Zimbabwe Lowveld, with a secondary focus along the Maasai Steppe. Most occurrences were associated with tropical savanna climates and sparsely populated natural and semi-natural landscapes. Ensemble modelling using five algorithms identified temperature seasonality, precipitation of the coldest quarter, and diurnal temperature range as the strongest predictors of occurrence, highlighting the dominant influence of thermal variability over precipitation metrics. Among developmental factors, larviposition and mortality rates during the dry quarter were most influential, reflecting the role of humidity in reproductive success. K-means Clustering revealed three ecologically distinct groups following an east–west gradient, shaped by elevation, aridity, and thermal variability. Decision tree analysis identified the Köppen Aridity Index and elevation as key discriminators among clusters. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences demonstrated clear geographic structuring, with a divergent Ethiopian lineage and high connectivity between Kenyan and Tanzanian populations. Frequent co-occurrence with the African buffalo and the common warthog further supports ecological continuity across savanna mosaics. These results reveal that G. pallidipes populations are primarily structured by climatic gradients and regional connectivity, informing targeted, region-specific vector control strategies.
In today’s globalized world, it is gradually becoming more and more important to learn languages. In order to do that effectively, teachers and students need appropriate materials, tools and teaching aids to achieve their language learning goals. That is why textbook analysis has gained more and more importance throughout the past years, textbooks being among the most important teaching and learning aids. It is common knowledge that students are more inclined to acquire a foreign language if they are exposed to materials which interest them. The topics that pupils usually find interesting are cinema, technology, and culture. That is why this paper aims at analysing the various types of American cultural representation in two textbook series that are commonly used in Hungarian schools: the English File and the Pioneer series. They are analyzed in terms of vocabulary, reading comprehension, and listening comprehension from the perspective of American cultural representation. The findings are the following: although one way or another both series include certain elements of American culture, texts and tasks – in terms of vocabulary and syntax – tend to stay neutral, utilizing vocabulary that may represent all English standard varieties at once. It suggests a lack of cultural diversity, which is a serious shortcoming in terms of pluricentricity, but can be interpreted as an advantage in terms of contextual and grammatical coherence.
Many people with disabilities still face difficulties and obstacles trying to secure employment. Organizations are doing more and more to improve employment opportunities for people with disabilities (PWD), because it is in their best interests, due to factors such as a dearth of skilled workers, a lack of trained workers, a rise in the prevalence of disability among their labor groups, as well as in the laws and public attitudes supporting workplace fairness and diversity. This article used a qualitative methodology and conducted a thorough evaluation of the existing literature using a variety of different databases such as Science Direct, Springer, Google Scholar, JSTOR, and Elsevier, which were used to identify various research articles related to the employment of PWD. We looked at research on the advantages of hiring people with disabilities, as well as HR management procedures with reference to recruiting persons with disabilities, and also investigated the methodology this literature used. Our findings demonstrate that the advantages of employing disabled individuals are many. To better understand how advantages may differ by disability type, industry, and work type, more research is required.
Enikő E. Enyedi, Pavel A. Petukhov, Alexander J. Kozuch
et al.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) metabolizes a number of important peptides participating in blood pressure regulation and vascular remodeling. Elevated ACE expression in tissues (which is generally reflected by blood ACE levels) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated blood ACE is also a marker for granulomatous diseases. Decreased blood ACE activity is becoming a new risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. We applied our novel approach—ACE phenotyping—to characterize pairs of tissues (lung, heart, lymph nodes) and serum ACE in 50 patients. ACE phenotyping includes (1) measurement of ACE activity with two substrates (ZPHL and HHL); (2) calculation of the ratio of hydrolysis of these substrates (ZPHL/HHL ratio); (3) determination of ACE immunoreactive protein levels using mAbs to ACE; and (4) ACE conformation with a set of mAbs to ACE. The ACE phenotyping approach in screening format with special attention to outliers, combined with analysis of sequencing data, allowed us to identify patient with a unique ACE phenotype related to decreased ability of inhibition of ACE activity by albumin, likely due to competition with high CCL18 in this patient for binding to ACE. We also confirmed recently discovered gender differences in sialylation of some glycosylation sites of ACE. ACE phenotyping is a promising new approach for the identification of ACE phenotype outliers with potential clinical significance, making it useful for screening in a personalized medicine approach.
The preparation of autologous platelet and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) has been explored in many medical fields with the aim to benefit from its healing potential. In parallel, efforts are being invested to understand the function and dynamics of PVRP that is complex in its composition and interactions. Some clinical evidence reveals beneficial effects of PVRP, while some report that there were no effects. To optimize the preparation methods, functions and mechanisms of PVRP, its constituents should be better understood. With the intention to promote further studies of autologous therapeutic PVRP, we performed a review on some topics regarding PVRP composition, harvesting, assessment and preservation, and also on clinical experience following PVRP application in humans and animals. Besides the acknowledged actions of platelets, leukocytes and different molecules, we focus on extracellular vesicles that were found abundant in PVRP.
The Erasmus mobility exchange program is one of the most considerable cooperation and mobility networks in the world; however, the driving forces of the mobility exchange program are still questionable. Integrating various databases and including new indicators, such as crimes, collaboration, and culture, called the 3Cs in our model, offers us new insights into the driving forces of mobility. In contrast to most studies, this research is based on the entire Erasmus network, which is investigated at both institutional and regional (NUTS3 or county) levels. The advantage of investigating entire mobility networks is that it helps avoid sampling distortions. Nevertheless, the interpretation is more challenging than with other investigation scopes since most identified factors act as indicators rather than proxies of the driving forces of mobility exchanges. Despite this interpretation difficulty, conclusions about the entire network can only be drawn by examining the whole mobility exchange network. In this study, the network of Erasmus student exchange programs between 2008 and 2013 is investigated both overall and separated by subject area. The study identifies the individual, institutional, and county-wide driving forces of mobility. One of the main exciting findings that the applied gravity models suggest is that there are three principal driving forces, national culture, collaboration, and crime dimensions of the host countries, which have not yet been studied in terms of Erasmus exchange networks.
A growing body of literature supports that fixed intelligence mindset promotes the emergence of maladaptive emotional reactions, especially when self-threat is imminent. Previous studies have confirmed that in adverse academic situations, students endorsing fixed intelligence mindset experience higher levels of negative emotions, although little is known about the mechanisms through which fixed intelligence mindset exerts its influence. Thus, the present study (Ntotal = 398) proposed to investigate self-esteem as a mediator of this relationship in two different cultural contexts, in Hungary and the United States. Structural equation modeling revealed that self-esteem fully mediated the relationship between fixed intelligence mindset and negative emotions. Furthermore, results of the invariance testing conferred preliminary evidence for the cross-cultural validity of the mediation model. These findings suggest that, students adhering to fixed intelligence beliefs tend to experience greater self-esteem loss when experiencing academic failure, which leads to higher levels of negative emotions.
This article explores the role of trust in the administrative reform debates in Cisleithania between 1890 and 1918 through the lens of bureaucratic encounters. For politicians, civil servants and scholars, administrative reform played a crucial role in mitigating what they saw as the negative consequences of democratic politics: partisan conflict, which increasingly obstructed legislative work from the late 1890s. As administrative reformers perceived democratic politics not as a source of legitimation but the cause of a crisis of governability, they looked for other ways to legitimate the imperial state. They propagated that the state administration needed to acquire the population’s trust as a form of legitimation independent from representative institutions and argued for regular contact and personal interactions between civil servants and the populace at the local level. However, part of their concept of trust was a veiled distrust of citizens as political and bureaucratic subjects.
Thalmon R. Campagnoli, Gábor Márk Somfai, Jing Tian
et al.
AIM: To evaluate a high-resolution functional imaging device that yields quantitative data regarding macular blood flow and capillary network features in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: Prospective, cross-sectional comparative case-series in which blood flow velocities (BFVs) and non-invasive capillary perfusion maps (nCPMs) in macular vessels were measured in patients with DR and in healthy controls using the Retinal Functional Imager (RFI) device. RESULTS: A total of 27 eyes of 21 subjects were studied [9 eyes nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 9 eyes proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 9 controls]. All diabetic patients were type 2. All patients with NPDR and 5 eyes with PDR also had diabetic macular edema (DME). The NPDR group included eyes with severe (n=3) and moderate NPDR (n=6), and were symptomatic. A significant decrease in venular BFVs was observed in the macular region of PDR eyes when compared to controls (2.61±0.6 mm/s and 2.92±0.72 mm/s in PDR and controls, respectively, P=0.019) as well as PDR eyes with DME compared to NPDR eyes (2.36±0.51 mm/s and 2.94±1.09 mm/s in PDR with DME and NPDR, respectively, P=0.01). CONCLUSION: The RFI, a non-invasive imaging tool, provides high-resolution functional imaging of the retinal microvasculature and quantitative measurement of BFVs in visually impaired DR patients. The isolated diminish venular BFVs in PDR eyes compared to healthy eyes and PDR eyes with DME in comparison to NPDR eyes may indicate the possibility of more retinal vein compromise than suspected in advanced DR.
A következőkben Király Júliának, a Magyar Nemzeti Bank alelnökének 2007.
október 29-én, a Heller Farkas Szakkollégium szervezésében, a Budapesti
Corvinus Egyetemen elhangzott előadását közöljük.
Economic theory. Demography, Economic history and conditions
Katalin Balazsi, Mónika Furkó, Piotr Klimczyk
et al.
The sintering of ceramic matrix composites is usually carried out by raising the sintering temperature below the melting point of components. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has the capability to densify ceramics at a relatively low temperature in a very short time. Two different additions, multilayered graphene (MLG) and graphene oxide (GrO), were added to Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic matrix in various amount; 5 wt% and 30 wt%. The influence of reinforcing phase on final properties of spark plasma sintered Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composite was studied. The uniaxial-pressure-assisted SPS sintering resulted in a preferential alignment of both type of graphene in the Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic matrix, leading to highly anisotropic properties with lower mechanical behavior but better tribological and electrical properties.
Haydi (http://haydi.readthedocs.io) is a framework for generating discrete structures. It provides a way to define a structure from basic building blocks and then enumerate all elements, all non-isomorphic elements, or generate random elements in the structure. Haydi is designed as a tool for rapid prototyping. It is implemented as a pure Python package and supports execution in distributed environments. The goal of this paper is to give the overall picture of Haydi together with a formal definition for the case of generating canonical forms.
Nowadays, urban freight traffic is causing significant noise and air pollution, so it is in the focus of green logistics developments, both in technology and system organization. Based on experiences within city logistics, significant problems are caused by the so-called concentrated sets of delivery points, where there are several delivery points with heavy freight traffic in a relatively small area. Since the summer of 2015, we collected lots of data about stores of these delivery points to support the modelling and the simulation of the new green solutions for the examined city logistics systems. Based on our results we can say, there are significant savings in these systems, so it is worth to deal with developing new, gateway-concept-based and consolidation-based solutions.
<h4>Background</h4>Schizophrenia is a severe condition that affects approximately 1% of the population. Certain elements of antipsychotic treatment can only be examined in large population, thus the need for population-based real-world analyses has been increasing.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>Hungarian National Health Fund database includes all healthcare data of the population of Hungary. All patients diagnosed with schizophrenia between 01.01.2006 and 31.12.2015 were included in the study. We analyzed all patients with newly initiated second-generation antipsychotic during the inclusion period (01.01.2012-31.12.2013). Patients were followed for 2 years. All-cause treatment discontinuation served as the primary outcome of the study. Patients with newly initiated long-acting injectable treatments were further investigated in stratified analyses based on their previous treatment.<h4>Results</h4>106,624 patients had schizophrenia diagnosis during the study period. 12,232 patients met the inclusion criteria for newly initiating second-generation antipsychotic during the inclusion period. The proportion of patients still on treatment after 1 year for oral treatments varied between 17% (oral risperidone) and 31% (oral olanzapine) while the analogous data for long acting injectables were between 32% (risperidone long acting) and 64% (paliperidone long acting one monthly). The 2-year data were similarly in favor of long-actings. Median time to discontinuation in the oral group varied between 57 days (clozapine) and 121 days (olanzapine). The median time to discontinuation for long-actings was significantly longer: between 176 and 287 days; in case of paliperidone long acting, median was not reached during the observation period. Patients receiving long-acting treatment switched from another long-acting remained on the newly initiated treatment significantly longer than those switched from orals.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our results indicate the superiority of second generation long-acting antipsychotics with regard to rates of treatment discontinuation and periods of persistence to the assigned medication.