Hasil untuk "Management information systems"

Jie Lu, Dianshuang Wu, Mingsong Mao et al.

V. C. Gungor, D. Sahin, T. Koçak et al.

R. Gebbers, V. Adamchuk

A. Monthly, Sr. No, S. Basha et al.

Kevin J. Trainor, J. M. Andzulis, Adam Rapp et al.

H. Simon

M. Rosenblum

Tyson R. Browning

Dimitrios Georgakopoulos, M. Hornick, A. Sheth

P. Bingi, Maneesh K. Sharma, J. K. Godla

Kate Ehrlich, A. Henderson

G. Guizzardi, Nicola Guarino, P. A. Almeida

Ross J. Anderson, T. Moore

Yiming Zheng, K. Zhao, Antonis C. Stylianou

Jindřich Duník, Jan Krejčí, Jakub Matoušek et al.

This paper deals with the state estimation of non-linear and non-Gaussian systems with an emphasis on the numerical solution to the Bayesian recursive relations. In particular, this paper builds upon the Lagrangian grid-based filter (GbF) recently-developed for linear systems and extends it for systems with nonlinear dynamics that are invertible. The proposed nonlinear Lagrangian GbF reduces the computational complexity of the standard GbFs from quadratic to log-linear, while preserving all the strengths of the original GbF such as robustness, accuracy, and deterministic behaviour. The proposed filter is compared with the particle filter in several numerical studies using the publicly available MATLAB\textregistered\ implementation\footnote{https://github.com/pesslovany/Matlab-LagrangianPMF}.

Nikos Tsoulias, Dimitrios S. Paraforos

Real-time automation in agriculture shows great potential in perennial trees and vegetables allowing site-specific management by means of machine vision, and real-time processing. A lack of clarity still remains on the actual effectiveness, scalability, and limitations of such technologies in field conditions. This study critically examines the recent advancements in real-time applications in horticultural crops that are controlled using sensing systems for automating several cultivation tasks including (i) crop protection (ii) fertilization (iii) weeding (iv) harvesting and (v) crop load management. These tasks are individually evaluated, while identifying technological gaps and future research directions. Specifically, this study assesses real-time decision-making challenges and evaluates their impact in terms of processing time, resource efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and decision accuracy. The results revealed that real-time applications can increase precision and operational efficiency, while the need for improved communication and interoperability between the sensing systems and implements was highlighted. However, the effectiveness is often influenced by the sensor accuracy, the plant structure, and adaptability to crop systems. Further development of real-time applications in perennial trees and vegetables should be explored by producing artificial intelligence decision models based on plant information and multi-modal sensor systems.

Ambrose Otau Talisuna, Humphrey Cyprian Karamagi, Sohel Saikat et al.

Africa continues to face numerous public health and humanitarian crises, including infectious disease epidemics and pandemics. These shocks have major impacts on health systems and socio-economic development. While countries have made progress in implementing the International Health Regulations (2005), the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2014-2016, West Africa Ebola Virus Disease epidemic revealed major inadequacies in containing major public health emergencies effectively and promptly. In an instant, these shocks brought the world to a standstill– tragically costing many lives with a severe toll on communities, societies, and economies. In this perspective, we urge African countries to accelerate integrating health security reforms into broader health systems strengthening. We propose a logical, system-wide approach, including a comprehensive gap assessment and analysis, followed by holistic planning and comprehensive reforms for improving key dimensions, including, service delivery, organizational and management processes; governance, leadership and coordination; predictable, scalable, and sustainable financing; surveillance and health information systems; quantity, quality and distribution of the health and care workforce; resilient health infrastructure; and finally local/regional manufacturing and procurement and supply chain management systems for health products and technologies. Positioning health security reforms as part of overall health systems strengthening will advance the primary health care approach, promote health security, and accelerate the achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). The latter will lead to equitable access to essential health services; better provision of efficient emergency response; and ultimately improved population health. Integrating investment in health security and UHC is a “double-win” and a pathway to achieve resilience.

Ahmed Elmarkez, Soraya Mesli-Kesraoui, Pascal Berruet et al.

Industrial Control Systems (ICSs), a specialized type of Cyber–Physical System, have shifted from isolated and obscured environments to ones exposed to diverse Information Technology (IT) security threats, which are now highly interconnected. Their adoption of IT introduces vulnerabilities which they were not originally designed to handle, posing critical risks. Thus, it’s imperative to integrate security measures early in CPS development, particularly during the design and implementation phases, to mitigate these vulnerabilities effectively. This study aims to identify, classify, and analyze existing research on the security-by-design paradigm for CPSs, exploring trends and defining the characteristics, advantages, limitations, and open issues of current methodologies. A systematic mapping study was conducted, selecting 55 primary studies through a rigorous protocol. The findings indicate that the majority of methodologies concentrate on the design phase, frequently overlooking other stages of development. Moreover, while there is a notable emphasis on security analysis across most primary studies, there is a notable gap in considering the integration of mitigation measures. This oversight raises concerns about the efficacy of security measures in real-world deployment scenarios. Additionally, there is a significant reliance on human intervention, highlighting the need for further development in automated security solutions. Conflicts between security requirements and other system needs are also inadequately addressed, potentially compromising overall system effectiveness. This work provides a comprehensive overview of CPS security-by-design methodologies and identifies several open issues that require further investigation, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach that includes vulnerability handling, clear security objectives, and effective conflict management, along with improved standard integration, advanced validation methods, and automated tools.

Hamid H. Hussien, Nuha Hassan Hagabdulla, Khalda M.Y. Ahmed et al.

Economic growth profoundly influences public health, however, its effects on specific health indicators can diverge. This study investigates the relationship between economic growth and health outcomes in Saudi Arabia, focusing on Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Life Expectancy at Birth (LEB), and adult obesity prevalence (Ob18 +). Utilizing secondary data from the World Bank (2000–2023), supplemented by the Saudi General Authority for Statistics and the World Health Organization, we applied descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, standard normal distribution tests, exponential smoothing, and ARIMA modeling to assess trends and associations. Findings reveal a significant inverse relationship between IMR and economic indicators, highlighting improvements in child health and longevity. Conversely, rising Ob18 + rates, particularly among females, correlate with increasing GDP and GNI per capita, reflecting dietary and lifestyle shifts. Hypothesis testing confirms statistically significant gender disparities in Ob18 + levels and a national prevalence exceeding the global average. This study addresses a notable gap in the literature by providing obesity-specific time-series analysis within the Saudi context. While economic growth enhances healthcare access and longevity, it also contributes to obesity-related health risks. Policy interventions focusing on preventive healthcare, nutrition education, and lifestyle modifications are essential to mitigate obesity-related challenges while sustaining economic-driven health improvements.

Ciachorowski Damian, Lis Anna Maria, Miranda Elem

This paper investigates how existing literature has approached the concept of sustainability in the context of digital transformation.