Jackson D. Taylor, Emmanuel Fonseca, Lankeswar Dey
et al.
Trojan asteroids are found in the equilateral triangle Lagrange points of the Sun–Jupiter system in a great number, although they also exist less prolifically in other parts of the solar system. Despite up to planetary mass Trojans being predicted in extrasolar systems (i.e., exotrojans), they remain unconfirmed, although strong candidate evidence has emerged recently. For the first time, we extend the search for exotrojans to radio pulsars with low-mass (∼0.01 M _⊙ ) companions using accurately measured pulse times of arrival. With techniques developed for detecting the reflex motion of a star due to a librating Trojan, we place ∼1 M _⊕ upper mass constraints on potential exotrojans around eight pulsars observed in the NANOGrav 15 yr dataset. We find weak evidence consistent with ∼2–4 M _J exotrojans in the PSR J0023+0923 and PSR J1705−1903 binary systems, although the signals likely have a different, unknown source. We also place a libration-independent upper mass constraint of ∼8 M _J on exotrojans in the PSR J1641+8049 system by looking for an inconsistency between the times of superior conjunction as measured by optical light curves and those predicted by radio timing. These results offer initial observational constraints on the existence of exotrojans around pulsars, while their possible formation mechanisms remain unexplored.
Radical classes of rings are studied which, while not hereditary, are closed with respect to ideals of some kind: maximal, prime and finite index ideals among others. In some, but not all cases, the ideal property is characterized by the corresponding class of factor rings; for instance maximal ideals are characterized by the simple rings. Such characterizations sometimes make it possible to prove results for several types of ideal simultaneously. Several results concerning hereditary radicals are generalized to various types of relatively hereditary ones, e.g. if RI⊲AR(I)=I∩R(A)
László Sipos, Kolos Csaba Ágoston, Péter Biró
et al.
Consumer sensory testing is the basis for determining directions of product development in the food industry. However, while compliance assessment by trained and expert assessors is well developed, few information is available on testing consumer consistency. Therefore, we provide a statistical framework to rank assessors and attributes according to the level of inconsistency, as well as to identify inconsistent assessors, based on Kendall rank correlation coefficients. The detection of (in)consistency requires evaluations on two connected scales. The suggested approach is illustrated by data from sensory tests of biscuits enriched with three pollens at different levels. 100 consumers evaluated the samples on two different scales (nine category monotonic ascending hedonic response scale, five-category just about right (JAR) intensity scale). The 88 consistent assessors are found using a wider range of both the liking scale and JAR scale than the 12 inconsistent assessors whose evaluations do not have a significantly negative rank correlation. Future consumer tests are recommended to include multiple scales. The proposed framework aims to identify and even filter out the potentially biasing inconsistent evaluations. Questions on attributes leading to highly inconsistent responses should be reconsidered in future sensory tests on the same food product.
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Food processing and manufacture
Lora Oravecz, Attila László Szűcs, Júlia Patakiné Bősze
Tanulmányunkban a WHOOP okoseszközt mutattuk be és vizsgáltuk, fókuszunk központjába helyezve annak alvás-, terhelés- (strain) és regenerációs mutatóit. Ezek a területek jelentős mértékben járulhatnak hozzá a fizikai és mentális teljesítmény optimalizálásához. Az eszköz laboratóriumi szintű alvásanalízise személyre szabott ajánlásokat nyújt az optimális pihenéshez, figyelembe véve az egyéni életvitelt és körülményeket. A strain mutató objektív módon méri a fizikai és mentális terhelést, segítve a felhasználót abban, hogy hatékonyan szabályozza edzésterhelését. A regenerációs érték pedig komplex fiziológiai paraméterek alapján mutatja meg a szervezet aktuális alkalmazkodóképességét. A szerzők saját tapasztalatai alapján a WHOOP használata jelentős támogatást nyújtott a tudatosabb életmód kialakításában, a pihentetőbb alvás elérésében és a terhelés-tervezés finomhangolásában. A készülék különösen hasznos lehet rekreációs sportolók és egészségtudatos felhasználók számára, bár fontos, hogy az eszköz adatait mindig egyéni szempontok és szakmai háttértudás alapján értelmezzük.
The European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC) Think Tank was established as a platform for system change to ensure the healthcare ecosystem remains effective and relevant for people with bleeding disorders and other rare diseases. Operating alongside traditional advocacy initiatives, it comprised a series of thematic workstreams in which multiple stakeholders explored and co-designed potential solutions for specific aspects of the healthcare system. This final report from the workstreams on Access Equity and Future Care Pathways summarises recommendations for system change and the actions needed to achieve critical goals.
József Dombi, Ana Vranković Lacković, Jonatan Lerga
In this paper, we study the connections between generalized mean operators and entropies, where the mean value operators are related to the strictly monotone logical operators of fuzzy theory. Here, we propose a new entropy measure based on the family of generalized Dombi operators. Namely, this measure is obtained by using the Dombi operator as a generator function in the general solution of the bisymmetric functional equation. We show how the proposed entropy can be used in a fuzzy system where the performance is consistent in choosing the best alternative in the Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Problem. This newly defined entropy was also applied to the problem of extracting useful information from time-frequency representations of noisy, nonstationary, and multicomponent signals. The denoising results were compared to Shannon and Rényi entropies. The proposed entropy measure is shown to significantly outperform the competing ones in terms of denoising classification accuracy and the F1-score due to its sensitivity to small changes in the probability distribution.
Alexandra Polyák, Leila Topal, Noémi Zombori-Tóth
et al.
The health benefits of regular physical exercise are well known. Even so, there is increasing evidence that the exercise regimes of elite athletes can evoke cardiac arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation and even sudden cardiac death (SCD). The mechanism of exercise-induced arrhythmia and SCD is poorly understood. Here, we show that chronic training in a canine model (12 sedentary and 12 trained dogs) that mimics the regime of elite athletes induces electrophysiological remodeling (measured by ECG, patch-clamp, and immunocytochemical techniques) resulting in increases of both the trigger and the substrate for ventricular arrhythmias. Thus, 4 months sustained training lengthened ventricular repolarization (QTc: 237.1±3.4 ms vs. 213.6±2.8 ms, n=12; APD90: 472.8±29.6 ms vs. 370.1±32.7 ms, n=29 vs. 25), decreased transient outward potassium current (6.4±0.5 pA/pF vs. 8.8±0.9 pA/pF at 50 mV, n=54 vs. 42), and increased the short-term variability of repolarization (29.5±3.8 ms vs. 17.5±4.0 ms, n=27 vs. 18). Left ventricular fibrosis and HCN4 protein expression were also enhanced. These changes were associated with enhanced ectopic activity (number of escape beats from 0/hr to 29.7±20.3/hr) in vivo and arrhythmia susceptibility (elicited ventricular fibrillation: 3 of 10 sedentary dogs vs. 6 of 10 trained dogs). Our findings provide in vivo, cellular electrophysiological and molecular biological evidence for the enhanced susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia in an experimental large animal model of endurance training.
The significance of cardiology screening of referees is not well established. Cardiovascular risk factors and diseases were examined in asymptomatic Hungarian elite handball referees undergoing extended screening: personal/family history, physical examination, 12-lead ECG, laboratory tests, body-composition analysis, echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Holter-ECG (n = 8), blood pressure monitorization (n = 10), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR; n = 27) and computer tomography (CCT; n = 4) were also carried out if needed. We examined 100 referees (age: 29.6±7.9years, male: 64, training: 4.3±2.0 hours/week), cardiovascular risk factors were: positive medical history: 24%, overweight: 10%, obesity: 3%, dyslipidaemia: 41%. Elevated resting blood pressure was measured in 38%. Stress-ECG was positive due to ECG-changes in 16%, due to elevated exercise blood pressure in 8%. Echocardiography and/or CMR identified abnormalities in 19%. A significant number of premature ventricular contractions was found on the Holter-ECG in two cases. The CCT showed myocardial bridge or coronary plaques in one-one case. We recommended lifestyle changes in 58%, new/modified antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapy in 5%, iron-supplementation in 22%. By our results, a high percentage of elite Hungarian handball referees had cardiovascular risk factors or diseases, which, combined with physical and psychological stress, could increase the possibility of cardiovascular events. Our study draws attention to the importance of cardiac screening in elite handball referees.
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected the globe. The workplace transformed to be an online place. This work was led to examine the impact of COVID-19 on Human Resources Management (HRM) practices in a developing country (Jordan). This study examines, in particular, the impact of the COVID-19 on employee Recruitment, Training, and management of performance and compensation. The in-depth semi-structured interview method has been employed in this research. The study's purpose was to interview 30 Jordanian human resources practitioners who collected information through interactive online interviews. Because of the COVID-19 instructions, the researchers used video and voice calls to ask open-ended questions. The study found that COVID-19 significantly reduced the number of employee recruitment activities. To protect employees from contact with the disease prior to the outbreak, employee training programs have been cancelled. Only some organizations were able to use online training, which would be the best alternative, because of a lack of facilities. The participants were asked if e-learning would work as well as face-to-face training methods. Performance management has become more challenging. In the study, the staff was not able to achieve initial targets because of disease-related disruption. The monitoring of employee performance for organizations that chose to work from home has been difficult, and practice raised concerns about work-life balance problems. Concerning COVID-19, some of its financial obligations had not been carried out by organizations. In the study, e-HRM has been recommended to minimize physical interactions between individuals, as well as to engage employees in crisis-management strategies.
With few exceptions, many earlier and more recent approaches to Neolithic ceramics in Romania have unfortunately been informed by the modernist dichotomies between the sacred and the profane, the functional and the symbolic, something that became the subject of much criticism in postprocessual archaeologies as of the 1980s. In contrast with a modernist perspective, in this text I have chosen to apply a biographical approach, which, in my opinion, has the merit of unifying all of the aspects – technological, functional, symbolic, etc. – that until now have been treated distinctly. The subject of this article is a series of Neolithic vessels attributed to the Vădastra tradition of southern Romania and north-western Bulgaria dated to ca. 5200– 4900 BC. With the exception of one vessel from Slatina, two vessels from Hotărani and two so-called Vădastra-type “ imports” from Hungary, all of the vessels discussed here originate from the Vădastra – Măgura Fetelor/ Dealul Cișmelei settlement located in southern Oltenia, Romania. While Neolithic ceramics from Vădastra as a whole have already been the subject of a previous biographical study, on this occasion the analysis takes place at the level of the individual objects. While in no way claiming to have provided complete biographies or to have exhausted the repertoire of existing and possible biographies, the examples discussed here are illustrative of a series of key moments in the biography of the Vădastra vessels and thus help us achieve a better understanding of the relationships between prehistoric and modern peoples, on the one hand, and Neolithic vessels, on the other
Erika Figula, Ferenc Margitics, Ágnes Petneháziné Harsányi
In our research we wanted to vnd an answer to the question: what kind of temperament and character traits do students have who become bullies through school bullying, and what their typical emotional reactions are. In the study 410 children (post-primary education at elementary schools), 205 girls and 205 boys took part. In our research we used the following instruments: the Questionnaire on School Bullying, the Hungarian adaptation of Goch’s Family Socializational, the Hungarian adaptation of the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Hungarian version of Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory, and the Hungarian version of Diterentional Emotions Scale. The results of our research show that increased maternal overprotection as well as a rule or conwict oriented family atmosphere stand in the family socialization background of the students who become bullies through school bullying. The personality of bullies is characterized by a novelty seeking temperament, which is associated with an immature character. The emotions of bullies are characterized by feelings of anger and disgust, which force them to take emotion driven actions. They direct anger in an aggressive way towards their peers. The results of the research also revealed the major gender diterences in the examined velds/areas.
A. I. Bondarev, Y. S. Kozhedub, I. I. Tupitsyn
et al.
We consider single ionization of lithium atom in collisions with $p$ and O$^{8+}$ projectiles. Doubly differential cross sections for ionization are calculated within a relativistic non-perturbative approach. Comparisons with the recent measurements and theoretical predictions are made.
In order to keep their cohesiveness during locomotion gregarious animals must make collective decisions. Many species boast complex societies with multiple levels of communities. A common case is when two dominant levels exist, one corresponding to leaders and the other consisting of followers. In this paper we study the collective motion of such two-level assemblies of self-propelled particles. We present a model adapted from one originally proposed to describe the movement of cells resulting in a smoothly varying coherent motion. We shall use the terminology corresponding to large groups of some mammals where leaders and followers form a group called a harem. We study the emergence (self-organization) of sub-groups within a herd during locomotion by computer simulations. The resulting processes are compared with our prior observations of a Przewalski horse herd (Hortobágy, Hungary) which we use as results from a published case study. We find that the model reproduces key features of a herd composed of harems moving on open ground, including fights for followers between leaders and bachelor groups (group of leaders without followers). One of our findings, however, does not agree with the observations. While in our model the emerging group size distribution is normal, the group size distribution of the observed herd based on historical data have been found to follow lognormal distribution. We argue that this indicates that the formation (and the size) of the harems must involve a more complex social topology than simple spatial-distance based interactions.
Finite-temperature DFT has become of topical interest, partly due to the increasing ability to create novel states of warm-correlated matter (WCM). Subclasses of WCM are Warm-dense matter (WDM), ultra-fast matter (UFM), and high-energy density matter (HEDM), containing electyrons (e) and ions (i). Strong e-e, i-i and e-i correlation effects and partial degeneracies are found in these systems where the electron temperature $T_e $ is comparable to the electron Fermi energy. The ion subsystem may be solid, liquid or plasma, with many states of ionization with ionic charge $Z_j$. Quasi-equilibria with the ion temperature $T_i\ne T_e$ are common. The ion subsystem in WCM can no longer be treated as a passive "external potential", as is customary in $T=0$ density functional theory (DFT) dominated by solid-state theory or quantum chemistry. Hohenberg-Kohn-Mermin theory can be used for WCMs if finite-$T$ exchange-correlation (XC) functionals are available. They are functionals of both the one-body electron density $n_e$ and the one-body ion densities $ρ_j$. A method of approximately but accurately mapping the quantum electrons to a classical Coulomb gas enables one to treat electron-ion systems entirely classically at any temperature and arbitrary spin polarization, using exchange-correlation effects calculated {\it in situ}, directly from the pair-distribution functions. This eliminates the need for any XC-functionals, or the use of a Born-Oppenheimer approximation. This classical map has been used to calculate the equation of state of WDM systems, and construct a finite-$T$ XC functional that is found to be in close agreement with recent quantum path-integral simulation data. In this review current developments and concerns in finite-$T$ DFT, especially in the context of non-relativistic warm-dense matter and ultra-fast matter will be presented.
Most nem új és főként nem hosszú távra szóló menekültügyi stratégia kidolgozására van szükség, hanem konkrét döntésekre, és ezek nyomán gyors cselekvésre.
Political institutions and public administration (General)
Katalin Komlosi MD, PhD, Alexander Sólyom MD, Michael Beck MD
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels are used widely in clinical diagnostics to identify genetic causes of various monogenic disease groups including neurometabolic disorders and, more recently, lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Many new challenges have been introduced through these new technologies, both at the laboratory level and at the bioinformatics level, with consequences including new requirements for interpretation of results, and for genetic counseling. We review some recent examples of the application of NGS technologies, with purely diagnostic and with both diagnostic and research aims, for establishing a rapid genetic diagnosis in LSDs. Given that NGS can be applied in a way that takes into account the many issues raised by international consensus guidelines, it can have a significant role even early in the course of the diagnostic process, in combination with biochemical and clinical data. Besides decreasing the delay in diagnosis for many patients, a precise molecular diagnosis is extremely important as new therapies are becoming available within the LSD spectrum for patients who share specific types of mutations. A genetic diagnosis is also the prerequisite for genetic counseling, family planning, and the individual choice of reproductive options in affected families.