Hasil untuk "Personnel management. Employment management"

Kemal Ozbek

A principal delegates choice to an agent whose decision depends on both beliefs and tastes. The principal can steer the delegated decision using two costly instruments: (i) an information policy that determines a Bayes--plausible distribution of posteriors, and (ii) a bias-management policy that shifts the agent's effective taste. We study a binary-state, two-action, convex hull of two benchmark tastes specialization with posterior-separable information costs. The analysis admits an inner--outer decomposition: optimal bias management is bang--bang (either no intervention or the minimal intervention needed to flip the agent's action), while the optimal information policy is characterized by concavification of an endogenous posterior value function that already incorporates optimal management and information costs. This structure clarifies how information acquisition and bias management interact; they can be complements, substitutes, or both depending on the primitives of the model. Information changes which posteriors are realized and hence where management is used; management reshapes the curvature and kinks of the posterior value function and hence the marginal value of information. The model delivers regime classifications for pooling vs. informativeness and for management at different posteriors within informative signals, and highlights how comparative statics can be monotone or non-monotone depending on how concavification contact points move with costs.

الهام ابراهیمی

هدف: مفهوم گسلایتینگ به‌تازگی وارد مباحث مدیریت و سازمان شده و به تاکتیک‌های فریبنده‌ای اشاره دارد که به منظور دستکاری روانی کارکنان و القای کنترل بر آنان از طریق زیر سؤال بردن سلامت عقل و ادراک از واقعیت بر آنان اعمال می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش فهم پدیدة گسلایتینگ از دیدگاه افرادی است که آن را در بافتار سازمانی تجربه کرده‌اند. روش: در پژوهش حاضر از روش پدیدارشناسی توصیفی مبتنی بر چارچوب کُلایزی برای فهم پدیدة گسلایتینگ استفاده شد. مصاحبه و صدا و متن‌های ارسالی از چهارده شرکت‌کننده با استفاده از این روش تحلیل شدند. برای انتخاب افراد از سه سؤال غربالگر استفاده شد و در تحلیل متون پیش‌انگاشته‌های منتج از پیشینة پژوهش و تجارب و باورها آگاهانه براکت شد. یافته‌ها: تجربة گسلایتینگ از طریق چهار تم در قالب پانزده خوشه بیان شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد در تجربة پدیدة گسلایتینگ گفتمان سازمانی تحریف می‌شود، زمینة آسیب‌پذیری فراهم می‌شود، کنترل‌های رفتاری و سرکوب گفتاری به شیوه‌های مختلف اعمال می‌شوند، و پس از بحران بازسازی یا فروپاشی روانی تجربه می‌شود. نتیجه: تجربة افراد از گسلایتینگ به‌ صورت پدیده‌ای پویا قابل فهم است. گسلایتینگ نه‌تنها در سطح تعاملات فردی بلکه در سطوح ساختاری و فرهنگی سازمان نیز وارد می‌شود. ایجاد نظام شفافیت واقعی، آگاهی‌رسانی به مدیران و کارکنان دربارة شناسایی و پیشگیری از پدیدة گسلایتینگ، ایجاد سازکارهای حمایتی، و وجود سیستم‌های نظارت بی‌طرف در شناخت و کنترل این پدیده مؤثر است.

Ivanišević Rajko, Horvat Danijel, Matić Milenko

Background: It is widely accepted that the digital transformation of business is increasingly attracting the attention of researchers from the academic circles as well as professionals from the business community. The main consequence of this lies in the daily development of new and improvement of existing digital technologies. The outcomes of such events on the market are reflected in all aspects of companies' operations. For this reason, they are constantly looking for various improvements to their business, which most often include the implementation of new technology. Mere implementation of a new technology without any other changes very often leads to failure. The core of this failure can be found and attributed to inadequately identified, analysed, documented and established business processes. Business process management (BPM) and redesign as its integral part are actually an indispensable segment of a successful process of digital business transformation. Therefore, the digital transformation of business should not be viewed exclusively from a technological perspective, but also from a process viewpoint. Purpose: With the aim of shedding additional light on the connection between business process management and digital business transformation, the paper aims to identify and explain the importance of business process redesign. Study design/methodology/approach: For the purposes of this paper, a systematic literature review was conducted. Findings/conclusions: The result of the conducted research indicates that a process approach to the digital transformation of business can contribute to significantly different, more successful results. Limitations/future research: Limitations refer to the number of databases searched during this systematic literature review. Subsequent research could include additional sources that would include additional works that can contribute to a better research result.

Oksana Оliinyk

Introduction. The relevance of the analysis of paradigmatic transformations in the structure of art management is stipulated by the socio-cultural situation novelty that appeared under the influence of globalisation, deep medialisation and metamodern situations, and has become a cause of the new means of communication and ethical parameters of management in the sphere of art and culture. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is to reveal the culturological dimension of art management on the stage of the paradigm functioning transformation of the art sphere in the epoch of metamodernity and post-information society. In the work, a set of approaches and methods has been used, particularly the socio-cultural approach, ethical-axiological and integrative approaches, as well as such theoretical and empirical methods as structural-functional and terminological analysis, generalisation, classification, document analysis, comparison, and specification. Results. It has been found that the cultural dimension of art management reveals a view of it as a tool for management and regulation in the context of changing ethical-axiological foundations of the industry, which is confirmed by modern socio-cultural practices and the situation in the art market. Conclusions. Art-sphere represents ideas and values of the contemporary post-industrial and metamodernity paradigm of the society development, including actions to ensure the management of the artistic process, development and implementation of strategies, demand generation and sales promotion, application of technologies and communication methods in a modern competitive market environment. To summarise the methodological and cultural analysis of art management, we need to start from the post-nonclassical type of scientific rationality, according to which management is carried out through projects and human-centred models. The main influences are traced at the level of self-developing environments, culture, values, technologies of “assembly” and destruction of development subjects, and the ethics of strategic actors come to the fore. Thanks to this model, mechanisms and technologies, the managerial culture of the art manager is also changing.

Sibahle K. Mathe, Ashika Maharaj

Orientation: Expatriate entrepreneurs (EEs) willingly seek to relocate abroad independently and belong to the self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) group. They possess the classic behavioural characteristics of entrepreneurs, have the propensity to embrace risk and uncertainty and have high self-efficacy and control while seeking opportunities to initiate business development. Research purpose: This study explores the drivers behind EEs’ decisions to migrate to South Africa. Motivation for the study: The global demand for talent remains the most crucial issue facing many countries. South Africa must attract EE’s to grow the economy as they will start their businesses and provide employment. Research approach/design and method: The research philosophy used in the study was interpretivism. A qualitative methodology adopting snowball sampling was used to identify focus groups, as no reliable records existed. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse the data collected. Main findings: Drivers to migrate included infrastructure development, business and trade, education, family problems, political instability and the desire to travel abroad. Practical/managerial implications: Expatriate entrepreneurs should acquire the knowledge and understanding of the local culture to help them integrate into South African society. Expatriate entrepreneurs and their families should be willing to learn and speak the local dialects, especially isiXhosa and isiZulu. The Department of Home Affairs needs to make the acquisition of permits and visas less problematic. Contribution/value-add: The study examines EEs who choose to live and start their own businesses abroad by exploring the drivers behind North-South mobility on the African continent.

Les auteurs étudient le lien entre traits de personnalité et productivité en télétravail. À partir d’une enquête conduite en Lettonie en 2021, ils mesurent les traits de personnalité du modèle des «cinq grands facteurs de personnalité» chez plus de 1 700 personnes qui ont récemment télétravaillé. Ils constatent un lien positif entre la conscience et la productivité en télétravail. La conscience et l’ouverture sont en outre positivement associées à la volonté de continuer de travailler à distance après la pandémie. Les employeurs favorables au télétravail devraient donc être attirants pour les salariés présentant ces attributs. En revanche, le lien entre extraversion et préférence pour le télétravail est négatif. L’article montre qu’une politique uniforme a peu de chances de maximiser la productivité des entreprises et la satisfaction des salariés.

Aleksandra PARTEKA, Dagmara NIKULIN, Joanna WOLSZCZAK-DERLACZ

Les autrices utilisent un jeu de microdonnées sur les travailleurs de 22 pays européens afin d’évaluer si les technologies influent sur le lien entre les chaînes de valeur mondiales (CVM) et les conditions de travail mesurées par les salaires et par plusieurs dimensions de la qualité de l’emploi. Elles analysent cette influence pour plusieurs types de technologies, comparant les logiciels et robots à l’intelligence artificielle. Globalement, la participation aux CVM a un lien négatif avec les salaires et (légèrement) positif avec certaines dimensions non monétaires de la qualité de l’emploi. L’utilisation des technologies numériques ne modifie pas cette relation de manière économiquement significative.

SangHyun Byun, Arijet Sarker, Sang-Yoon Chang et al.

Cellular networking is advancing as a wireless technology to support diverse applications in vehicular communication, enabling vehicles to interact with various applications to enhance the driving experience, even when managed by different authorities. Security Credential Management System (SCMS) is the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for vehicular networking and the state-of-the-art distributed PKI to protect the privacy-preserving vehicular networking against an honest-but-curious authority using multiple authorities and to decentralize the trust management. We build a Blockchain-Based Trust Management (BBTM) to provide even greater decentralization and security. Specifically, BBTM uses the blockchain to 1) replace the existing Policy Generator (PG), 2) manage the policy of each authority in SCMS, 3) aggregate the Global Certificate Chain File (GCCF), and 4) provide greater accountability and transparency on the aforementioned functionalities. We implement BBTM on Hyperledger Fabric using a smart contract for experimentation and analyses. Our experiments show that BBTM is lightweight in processing, efficient management in the certificate chain and ledger size, supports a bandwidth of multiple transactions per second, and provides validated end-entities.

Rohit Chouhan

On modern computers with graphical user interfaces, application windows are managed by a window manager, a core component of the desktop environment. Mainstream operating systems such as Microsoft Windows and Apple's macOS employ window managers, where users rely on a mouse or trackpad to manually resize, reposition, and switch between overlapping windows. This approach can become inefficient, particularly on smaller screens such as laptops, where frequent window adjustments disrupt workflow and increase task completion time. An alternative paradigm, dynamic window management, automatically arranges application windows into non-overlapping layouts. These systems reduce the need for manual manipulation by providing intelligent placement strategies and support for multiple workspaces. Despite their potential usability benefits, dynamic window managers remain niche, primarily available on Linux systems and rarely enabled by default. This study evaluates the usability of dynamic window managers in comparison to conventional floating window systems. We developed a prototype dynamic window manager that incorporates configurable layouts and workspace management, and we conducted both heuristic evaluation and statistical testing to assess its effectiveness. Our findings indicate that dynamic window managers significantly improve task completion time in multi-window workflows by 37.83%. By combining cognitive heuristics with empirical performance measures, this work highlights the potential of dynamic window management as a viable alternative to traditional floating window systems and contributes evidence-based insights to the broader field of human-computer interaction (HCI).

Minkyung Park, Hochan Jang

While tourism boycotts can have a considerable economic impact on a target entity, critics often question their effectiveness in changing the target entity’s behavior, particularly in international contexts. Despite these challenges, tourism boycotts have increased over time. This study explores the dynamics of tourism boycotts amid international political conflicts and investigates the motivations behind consumer participation. During an ongoing national boycott in South Korea, we conducted an online survey with a nationally representative adult panel, gathering 962 responses for analysis. Our findings reveal that tourism boycott participants—primarily women, older individuals, those with higher education and income, and the progressive—resemble consumer boycott participants in Europe and the U.S. While perceived efficacy (instrumental motivation) is often emphasized in consumer boycotts as a key variable for participation, our study suggests that tourism boycotts are primarily driven by expressive motivations, such as self-esteem and guilt, rather than a mix of instrumental and expressive factors. This suggests that consumers engage in tourism boycotts not necessarily to achieve tangible outcomes, but to express personal or ethical values, highlighting a distinctive nature of tourism boycotts in the landscape of consumer activism.

Ulul Azmi

Human Resources (HR) is the planner, mobilizer, and controller of the entire company. Therefore, the management, empowerment and welfare of employees need to be considered. HR can work effectively and efficiently, one of the factors is the state of a conducive and adequate work environment. In addition, quality compensation plays an important role in employee motivation.    The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Work Environment, Compensation and Job Satisfaction on Work Motivation. The population in this study was 30 employees of Browny Persian Petshop Yogyakarta who were also respondents as a whole.  Quantitative data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires, using the Likert scale method.  Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed using the SPSS program. The results of this study prove that these three variables have no effect on the work motivation of Petshop Browny Persian employees. But simultaneously the Work Environment, Compensation and Job Satisfaction have a significant positive effect on work motivation.  The results of this analysis have implications for Browny Persian Petshop's managerial, related to the need to take measurable actions to increase employee motivation through proper management of the Work Environment, Compensation and Job Satisfaction.

Mlamuli N. Hlatshwayo, Nkululeko G. Majozi

Orientation: Higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Global South remain complex organisations that are facing a myriad of challenges. The sector, already reeling from the logics of the imperial, colonial or apartheid and more recently, neoliberal influences, continues to struggle to adequately respond to these challenges. Research purpose: We used South Africa as a case study to explore and to theorise the challenges that black early career academics (ECAs) are facing as they seek to negotiate their being and belonging in a South African university. Motivation for the study: To shine a spotlight on the complex experiences of black ECAs and how they navigate their being and belonging in a public university. Research approach/design and method: We used a qualitative interpretivist case study to explore black ECAs’ negotiation of entry and success in the university. Additionally, we relied on semi-structured interviews as the main data generation tool. Main findings: We reveal how mentors/supervisors/line managers play a significant role in how black ECAs navigate and negotiate their entry, being and belonging in a neoliberal university. We also reveal an emergent tension between teaching and research, showing how black ECAs believe that teaching and learning is relegated to the margins at university. Practical/managerial implications: Exploring black ECAs experiences in university has implications for the retention, success and transformation of the higher education sector in South Africa. Contribution/value-add: Higher education in general and academic staff development in particular has an instrumental role to play in ensuring that black ECAs are well supported and mentored.

Tae-Kyun Na, In-Young Jung, Saem Han

This study aims to investigate the impact of job match on turnover intention and job satisfaction within the culinary industry. To achieve this purpose, the study analyzes data from 264 graduates of culinary-related programs who participated in the Graduate Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS). The findings revealed that the better the match between a graduate’s major and their job, the more significantly turnover intention decreases and job satisfaction increases. In contrast, skill and educational matches were found to have no statistically significant impact on these outcomes. Additionally, the primary reasons for turnover include low salaries, inadequate job match, and uncertainty about future opportunities within the organization. Therefore, to ensure that culinary graduates can smoothly transition into the culinary field after graduation, educational institutions and the industry must continuously develop HR systems and programs that reflect the values of these graduates.

Zhenglong Li, Vincent Tam, Kwan L. Yeung

Deep or reinforcement learning (RL) approaches have been adapted as reactive agents to quickly learn and respond with new investment strategies for portfolio management under the highly turbulent financial market environments in recent years. In many cases, due to the very complex correlations among various financial sectors, and the fluctuating trends in different financial markets, a deep or reinforcement learning based agent can be biased in maximising the total returns of the newly formulated investment portfolio while neglecting its potential risks under the turmoil of various market conditions in the global or regional sectors. Accordingly, a multi-agent and self-adaptive framework namely the MASA is proposed in which a sophisticated multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) approach is adopted through two cooperating and reactive agents to carefully and dynamically balance the trade-off between the overall portfolio returns and their potential risks. Besides, a very flexible and proactive agent as the market observer is integrated into the MASA framework to provide some additional information on the estimated market trends as valuable feedbacks for multi-agent RL approach to quickly adapt to the ever-changing market conditions. The obtained empirical results clearly reveal the potential strengths of our proposed MASA framework based on the multi-agent RL approach against many well-known RL-based approaches on the challenging data sets of the CSI 300, Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P 500 indexes over the past 10 years. More importantly, our proposed MASA framework shed lights on many possible directions for future investigation.

Star Dawood Mirkhan, Skala Kamaran Omer, Hussein Mohammed Ali et al.

Delegation and leadership are critical components of software management, as they play a crucial role in determining the success of the software development process. This study examined the relationship between delegation and leadership in software management and the impact of these factors on project outcomes. Results showed that effective delegation and transformational leadership styles can improve workflow, enhance team motivation and productivity, and ultimately lead to successful software development projects. The findings of this study have important implications for software management practices, as they suggest that organizations and software managers should prioritize the development of effective delegation and leadership practices to ensure the success of their software development initiatives. Further research is needed to explore the complex interplay between delegation and leadership in software management and to identify best practices for improving these processes.

Alonel A. Hugo, Gerard Nathaniel C. Ngo

The developed system aims to incorporate a private blockchain technology in the procurement process for the supply office. The procurement process includes the canvassing, purchasing, delivery and inspection of items, inventory, and disposal. The blockchain-based system includes a distributed ledger technology, peer-to-peer network, Proof-of-Authority consensus mechanism, and SHA3-512 cryptographic hash function algorithm. This will ensure trust and proper accountability to the custodian of the property while safeguarding sensitive information in the procurement records. The extreme prototyping model will be used as software development life cycle. It is mostly used for web-based applications and has an increased user involvement. The prototype version of the system allows the users get a better understanding of the system being developed. It also reduces the time and cost, has quicker user feedback, missing and difficult functions can be recognized, and confusing processes can be addressed on an early stage. The implementation of a private blockchain technology has an increased privacy, enhanced security, improved efficiency, and reduced complexity over traditional blockchain network. The use of SHA3-512 as cryptographic hash function algorithm is much faster than its predecessors when cryptography is handled by hardware components. Furthermore, it is not vulnerable to length extension attacks making it reliable in terms of security of data. The study recommends the use of private blockchain-based technology with the procurement and asset management system in the supply office. The procurement records will be protected against tampering using this technology. This will promote trust and confidence of the stakeholders. The implementation of blockchain technology in developing a system served as advancement and innovation in terms of securing data.

Hang Gao, Shuohua Yang, Xinli Liu

Weather parametric insurance relies on weather indices rather than actual loss assessments, enhancing claims efficiency, reducing moral hazard, and improving fairness. In the context of increasing climate change risks, despite growing interest and demand,, weather parametric insurance's market share remains limited due to inherent basis risk, which is the mismatch between actual loss and payout, leading to loss without payout or payout without loss. This paper proposes a novel empirical research using Monte Carlo simulations to test whether basis risk can be managed through diversification and hedged like other risks. Key findings include: Firstly, portfolio basis risk and volatility decrease as the number of contracts increases. Secondly, spatial relationships significantly impact basis risk, with risk levels correlating with the ratio between insured location, weather station, and disaster footprint radius, and thirdly, event severity does not significantly impact basis risk, suggesting that catastrophic disaster severity should not hinder parametric insurance development.

ahmad abdul majid

This study aims to determine whether sales promotions, the attractiveness of buy 1 get 1 can affect the product purchase . The appeal of consumers un tuk buy a product with the promotion of relatively high . Promotion is a communication activity carried out by a person or company with the community with the aim of allowing something (goods, services, brands, companies) to the community and at the same time influencing the wider community to buy and use the product. This type of research is carried out by the method of explanatory research or explanatory research with a quantitative approach. Variables used in this study include; cashback promotions, promotions, consumer purchasing power decisions. The population of this study is the wider community in DKI Jakarta, which was carried out randomly with a sample of 99 respondents taken using purposive sampling techniques and data collection methods using questionnaires. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis and path analysis.

Frendy Wibowo, Febrianur Ibnu Fitroh Sukono Putra, Izzudien et al.

Objective: Consumers expect MSMEs to adopt sustainable strategies but realizing there is a gap between business sustainability practices and consumer expectations. This research aims to identifies sustainable business strategies to be integrated into business practices. Research Design & Methods: This research uses exploratory qualitative methods. The data collection technique uses an interview method. The sampling design used non-probability sampling (snowball). The analysis technique is through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding because it can explain, assess, and visualize superior MSMEs empowerment modeling. Findings: The results of this study indicate the technology-based sustainable business strategy must be the primary role model to increasing the MSMEs competitiveness. A successful sustainable business strategy has four core dimensions: innovation, collaboration, communication, and commitment. Digital businesses can be used as a medium to achieve their vision of sustainable practices in competitive advantage, brand loyalty, risk mitigation, and cost reduction. Researchers prove that the sustainability can lead to an increase in the market value of MSMEs. Implications & Recommendations: MSMEs who proactively make the core of business strategy sustainability will encourage innovation and generate enthusiasm and loyalty from employees, customers, suppliers, communities, and investors. Implementation of integrated digital business strategy should include guidelines for understanding consumer behavior, accessing market data more easily, and using social media as a form of continuous communication that shows the proximity of MSMEs to customers. Contribution & Value Added: Empirical research to measure the relationship between proposed sustainable business practices and consumer expectations holds excellent opportunities for future research.