Hasil untuk "Real estate business"

Alexander Vladimirovich Yankovsky

Современные города предъявляют высокие требования к качеству городской среды и застройке. Статья посвящена вопросу разработки градостроительных концепций на начальном этапе осуществления жизненного цикла любого строительного объекта как первичного документа обоснования возможности реализации проекта городской застройки. Исследовательский вопрос заключается в организации процесса поиска оптимальных эффективных проектных решений с учетом интересов всех участников проекта застройки территории: девелоперов, властей города и населения, в интересах которого и происходит застройка территории. Проведен анализ существующего процесса разработки градостроительной концепции, выявлены и систематизированы цели и задачи разработки документа. В статье выделены три основные задачи разработки градостроительной концепции как инструмента финансовой оценки эффективности, правовой оценки реализуемости проекта, а также инструмента согласования проектных решений с городскими планами развития и требованиями, предъявляемыми городом к современной застройке. В статье представлена функциональная модель разработки градостроительного концепции, которая нацелена на эффективную координацию работы всех участников данного процесса.

Beatriz C. S. Caboz, Fernando A. F. Ferreira, Neuza C. M. Q. F. Ferreira et al.

The world’s population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate, with urban areas experiencing a more rapid rise in population density than rural regions. This demographic shift compels decision-makers to address pressing urban challenges and rethink future structures of cities. However, a vision for global sustainable urban growth remains elusive, as planners often lack comprehensive, credible and dynamic models to guide decision-making. The main purpose of this study is to propose a process-oriented methodology that integrates cognitive mapping, interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and a matrice d’impacts croisés multiplication appliquée à un classement (MICMAC) analysis to evaluate and prioritize key determinants of urban development. Group work sessions involving decision-makers from diverse fields were conducted to identify critical variables influencing urban development. Unlike traditional models, the proposed approach emphasizes participatory decision-making. By combining cognitive mapping and ISM-MICMAC, this study enables the identification of causal relationships among variables and allows decision-makers to anticipate trends and prioritize challenges effectively. The findings were further validated by an external expert to ensure neutrality and reliability. Overall, this study provides a theoretical contribution to decision-making methodologies while offering a practical framework for urban planners to influence cities toward a sustainable future.

Benedetto Manganelli , Francesco Paolo Del Giudice, Pierfrancesco De Paola

The demolition and reconstruction of individual buildings or entire neighborhoods characterized by serious decay, as part of urban regeneration projects, are essential interventions for the development of cities in accordance with the principles of environmental, economic and social sustainability. However, such initiatives often come to a halt for lack of economic feasibility. This study, starting from the analysis of the dynamics of the market value of a property, separates the contributions made to this value by the built part and the land in order to define a threshold for demolition, i.e. when conditions make building replacement economically viable. The depreciation of the built part is generated by a multitude of factors, all related to the inevitable passage of time, which may influence the end of the service life of the building or its economic useful life. The economic useful life is, in turn, also conditioned by the phenomenon of urban rent (positive or negative), determined by external factors independent of the technological and physical characteristics of the building. Based on the logical interaction between these two phenomena – the depreciation of the built part and the urban rent – a relationship is defined that may suggest the potential threshold for demolition. In particular, the cases of absolute rent, generated autonomously by the building’s replacement process itself, and differential rent, which is instead determined by public intervention, are separately analyzed. Based on the logical interaction between these two phenomena – the depreciation of the built part and the urban rent – a relationship is defined that can suggest the potential threshold for demolition. Specifically, given the verification that there is economic feasibility only if there is positive rent, the cases of absolute rent, autonomously generated by the building replacement process itself, and differential rent, which arises in combination with the former and is determined by public intervention, are separately analyzed.

Felis Paweł, Bernardelli Michał, Malinowska-Misiąg Elżbieta et al.

Analysis of the current property tax structure, which is calculated in proportion to the area of land and buildings, leaves no doubt that this is not an appropriate solution in terms of tax efficiency and equity. Property tax reform is necessary; however, the concept of ad valorem tax is challenging to introduce and implement. An alternative to value-based property tax could be the concept of tax zoning, particularly in heterogeneous urban areas. This would partially expand existing legal regulations, which allow for differentiating tax rates for different types of taxable items, particularly considering their location. The article presents this concept as one that could effectively replace the existing residential property taxation system in a short time. Due to the significant socio-economic diversity of urban units, it is necessary to identify factors reflecting their specificity. The article attempts to quantify the criteria considered significant for residents of Polish cities. A combination of various measures allowed for the indication of the potential effects, both fiscal and non-fiscal. The proposed concepts were validated through empirical analysis based on data from publicly accessible databases. The research results emphasize the importance of the precise design of the property tax system, which can have significant consequences for the dynamics of the real estate market.

Petr Grigorievich Grabovуy, Igor Vladimirovich Kushchenko

В статье поднимаются вопросы обеспечения устойчивого развития урбанизированных приграничных территорий Донбасса, а также основные проблемы, стоящие на пути достижения восстановления воспроизводства в жилищной сфере. Рассматриваются особенности управления восстановительными процессами пространственно-ресурсного девелопмента жилого фонда в новых регионах. Отдельное внимание уделяется обоснованию классификационных признаков ­организационно-экономического механизма обновления с учетом вариантов территориальных кластер-портфелей недвижимости. В качестве примера для рассмотрения выбрана городская застройка исторического центра Мариуполя. Проведен подробный анализ факторов жизнестойкости и жизне­обеспечения городской недвижимости, подходов к формированию адаптационных механизмов для выполнения ремонтно-восстановительных работ. Выделены такие функ­ци­ональные направления, как регулирование инвестиционно-инновационного потенциала; внесение изменений социально-экономического, экологического и информационного характера; проектное и сценарное моделирование; анализ устойчивости решений пространственно-ресурсного девелопмента и ревитализации жилищного фонда, а также обновления городской среды. Сформирована структурная модель пространственно-ресурсного девелопмента жилого фонда в г. Мариуполь, что позволит улучшить инвестиционную привлекательность и обеспечит гибкое планирование ремонтно-восстановительных работ.

Lingfan Bao, Tianhu Peng, Chengxu Zhou

This chapter addresses the critical challenge of simulation-to-reality (sim-to-real) transfer for deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in bipedal locomotion. After contextualizing the problem within various control architectures, we dissect the ``curse of simulation'' by analyzing the primary sources of sim-to-real gap: robot dynamics, contact modeling, state estimation, and numerical solvers. Building on this diagnosis, we structure the solutions around two complementary philosophies. The first is to shrink the gap through model-centric strategies that systematically improve the simulator's physical fidelity. The second is to harden the policy, a complementary approach that uses in-simulation robustness training and post-deployment adaptation to make the policy inherently resilient to model inaccuracies. The chapter concludes by synthesizing these philosophies into a strategic framework, providing a clear roadmap for developing and evaluating robust sim-to-real solutions.

Alex Escalante Viteri, Javier Gamboa Cruzado, Leonidas Asto Huaman

Business intelligence in the banking industry has been studied extensively in the last decade; however, business executives still do not perceive efficiency in the decision-making process since the management and treatment of information are very timeconsuming for the deliverer, generating costs in the process. On the other hand, there is no formal methodology for developing business intelligence solutions in this sector. This work aims to optimize decision-making in a business unit that works with internet banking companies, reducing the time, the number of people, and the costs involved in decision-making. To meet the objective, basic and applied research was conducted. The basic research allowed the construction of a new methodology from a study of critical success factors and approaches from the business intelligence literature. The applied research involved the implementation of a business intelligence solution applying the new methodology in a pre-experimental study. Thirty decision-making processes were analyzed using pre-test and post-test data. Tools such as a stopwatch and observation were used to collect and record data on time spent, the number of people, and the decision-making costs. This information was processed in the specialized Minitab18 statistical software, which allowed the observation and confirmation of relevant results regarding time reduction, the number of people, and the costs generated. Therefore, it was concluded that the business intelligence solution, applying the new methodology, optimized decision making in the business unit that works with internet banking for companies.

Chen Yang, Ruping Xu, Ruizhe Li et al.

Extracting structured procedural knowledge from unstructured business documents is a critical yet unresolved bottleneck in process automation. While prior work has focused on extracting linear action flows from instructional texts, such as recipes, it has insufficiently addressed the complex logical structures, including conditional branching and parallel execution, that are pervasive in real-world regulatory and administrative documents. Furthermore, existing benchmarks are limited by simplistic schemas and shallow logical dependencies, restricting progress toward logic-aware large language models.To bridge this Logic Gap, we introduce BREX, a carefully curated benchmark comprising 409 real-world business documents and 2,855 expert-annotated rules. Unlike prior datasets centered on narrow service scenarios, BREX spans over 30 vertical domains, covering scientific, industrial, administrative, and financial regulations. We further propose ExIde, a structure-aware reasoning framework that investigates five distinct prompting strategies, ranging from implicit semantic alignment to executable grounding via pseudo-code generation. This enables explicit modeling of rule dependencies and provides an out-of-the-box framework for different business customers without finetuning their own large language models. We benchmark ExIde using 13 state-of-the-art large language models. Our extensive evaluation reveals that executable grounding serves as a superior inductive bias, significantly outperforming standard prompts in rule extraction. In addition, reasoning-optimized models demonstrate a distinct advantage in tracing long-range and non-linear rule dependencies compared to standard instruction-tuned models.

Ahmed Saif Al Abdulsalam, Maged Mohammed Al-Baiti Al Hashemi, Mohammed Zayed Sulaiman Aleissaee et al.

Despite the vast economic impact of real estate markets worldwide, research on real estate brokerage markets remains limited. Specifically, there are few studies that provide a systematic, integrated, and replicable analytical methodology to analyze and benchmark a given real estate brokerage market. To this end, this paper introduces a data analytics methodology for analyzing real estate brokerage markets, integrating various statistical and analytical methods to extract insights from market data, supporting real estate investment decisions. The applicability of the methodology is demonstrated with a case study analyzing data from the top 50 real estate brokerage firms in Dubai, UAE. As shown in the case study, applying this methodology to brokerage market data enables the visual benchmarking of firms, identification of similarities between them, profiling and comparison of clusters of firms, and exploration of the impacts of various categorical and numerical attributes on performance. A notable finding for the Dubai real estate brokerage market is that it takes a minimum of 700 days for a brokerage firm to mature and advance to the next level of business success.

Ilia Itenberg, Eugenii Shustin

We introduce new invariants of a class of toric surfaces (including the projective plane) that arise from appropriate enumeration of real curves of genus one and two. These invariants admit a refinement similar to the one introduced by Grigory Mikhalkin in the rational case.

Jan von der Assen, Jasmin Hochuli, Thomas Grübl et al.

Threat modeling has been successfully applied to model technical threats within information systems. However, a lack of methods focusing on non-technical assets and their representation can be observed in theory and practice. Following the voices of industry practitioners, this paper explored how to model insider threats based on business process models. Hence, this study developed a novel insider threat knowledge base and a threat modeling application that leverages Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN). Finally, to understand how well the theoretic knowledge and its prototype translate into practice, the study conducted a real-world case study of an IT provider's business process and an experimental deployment for a real voting process. The results indicate that even without annotation, BPMN diagrams can be leveraged to automatically identify insider threats in an organization.

Jannis Kiesel, Elias Grünewald

Ever-increasingly complex business processes are enabled by loosely coupled cloud-native systems. In such fast-paced development environments, data controllers face the challenge of capturing and updating all personal data processing activities due to considerable communication overhead between development teams and data protection staff. To date, established business process management methods generate valuable insights about systems, however, they do not account for all regulatory transparency obligations. For instance, data controllers need to record all information about data categories, legal purpose specifications, third-country transfers, etc. Therefore, we propose to bridge the gap between business processes and application systems by providing three contributions that assist in modeling, discovering, and checking personal data transparency through a process-oriented perspective. We enable transparency modeling for relevant business activities by providing a plug-in extension to BPMN featuring regulatory transparency information. Furthermore, we utilize event logs to record regulatory transparency information in realistic cloud-native systems. On this basis, we leverage process mining techniques to discover and analyze personal data flows in business processes, e.g., through transparency conformance checking. We design and implement prototypes for all contributions, emphasizing the appropriate integration and modeling effort required to create business-process-oriented transparency. Altogether, we connect current business process engineering techniques with regulatory needs as imposed by the GDPR and other legal frameworks.

Benedetto Manganelli, Francesco Tajani, Pierfrancesco De Paola et al.

The concession for the use of real estate intended to provide public services is the tool often used by the public administration to obtain, with the recourse to private investment, the valorisation of the asset and a more efficient management of the service. A typical case is that of football stadiums, the management of which is normally entrusted in concession to companies that assume the burden of guaranteeing the safety and functionality of the facility to provide a satisfactory experience for the spectator. When the management of the asset entails profit margins for the concessionary company, the public service concession must provide for the payment of a fee as consideration for the use of the asset. This work deals with the issue of estimating the concession fee for football stadiums granted to clubs with teams playing in professional leagues. The issue is addressed through the implementation of a direct probabilistic and multi-parametric approach, which attempts to overcome the limitations of the procedures normally used in these cases, based on cost value or income analysis, resulting from the subjective nature that often characterises the choice of fundamental parameters. Specifically, a multiple regression analysis is developed on the basis of information and data from the examination of existing concession contracts for similar properties. The results show that the variance of the fees is explained by the level of the football league in which the concessionaire’s team plays, the capacity of the stadium, the year of construction of the stadium, and the year of the last major renovation on the building structure. La concessione in uso di immobili destinati a fornire servizi pubblici è lo strumento spesso utilizzato dall’Amministrazione pubblica proprietaria per ottenere, con il ricorso ad investimenti privati, la valorizzazione del bene ed una più efficiente gestione del servizio. Caso tipico è quello degli stadi di calcio, la cui gestione è normalmente affidata in concessione alle società̀ che assumono l’onere di garantire la sicurezza e la funzionalità dell’impianto, allo scopo di fornire un’esperienza soddisfacente allo spettatore. Allorché la gestione del bene comporti margini di profitto per la società concessionaria, la concessione del servizio pubblico, deve prevedere il pagamento al concedente di un canone quale corrispettivo per l’utilizzo del bene. Questo lavoro affronta il tema della stima del canone di concessione di stadi di calcio affidati a società con squadre che militano in campionati professionistici. La questione estimativa è affrontata mediante l’implementazione di un approccio diretto probabilistico e pluriparametrico, che tenta di superare i limiti dei procedimenti normalmente utilizzati in questi casi, basati sul valore di costo o su un’analisi reddituale, derivanti dal carattere soggettivo che spesso connota la scelta di parametri fondamentali. Nello specifico, è sviluppata un’analisi di regressione multipla sulla base di informazioni e dati ricavati dall’esame di contratti di concessione già in atto per strutture similari. I risultati mostrano che la varianza dei canoni è spiegata dal livello della Lega calcistica in cui milita la squadra della società concessionaria, dalla capienza dello stadio, dall’anno di costruzione dello stadio, e dall’anno dell’ultima rilevante ristrutturazione sulla struttura edilizia.

Vanya Antonova

Human resources are a main production factor determining the sustainable development, prosperity and competitiveness of any business unit, industry or the economy as a whole, and labor productivity is a main indicator providing information on the efficiency and quality of this resource in the production process. The object of research in the study is the Construction and Real Estate Operations sectors and the subject of research is the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human resources and labor productivity of the persons employed in both sectors for the period 2005-2021. The author's goal is to study the dynamics of human resources and labor productivity in two sectors of particular importance for the national economy and, on this basis, outline the trends in their changes, as well as the reasons for these changes. The scope is limited to the study of indicators characterizing the development of both sectors, including the number of functioning enterprises, incl. by the number of persons employed in them, number of persons employed, average salary and educational level of persons employed in both sectors, in a comparative plan, including the general trends in the country, as well as the labor productivity of the persons employed in both sectors, presented by the gross value added (GVA) indicator, relative to the number of employees and time worked by them. The main methods used are the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, description and comparison. Based on the analysis, the main conclusions about the dynamics of human resources and labor productivity of the persons employed in both sectors for the period 2005-2021 are summarized, major problems are outlined and measures for their overcoming are proposed, which determines the practical significance of this study. In the Construction sector, both the positives and negatives of the change in the environment are more tangible; stand out: low level of labor remuneration, low educational level and low labor productivity, which are interconnected and to a significant extent mutually predetermine each other. Real estate operations sector characterizes by a more balanced development during the period, employed persons have a higher educational level, but salary slow down their growth, remaining below the national average levels. Labor productivity, as an important economic indicator closely related to economic growth, competitiveness and the living standard in the country, shows a sustainable trend of growth at the national level, although it remains significantly below the EU average levels. In the real estate sector, there is also a positive trend, but with a higher degree of dynamics of the indicator during the period. In the Construction sector after 2012, there is a negative trend, most pronounced at the end of the period, due to in a significant extent to the disproportionate attraction of human resources compared to the realized product.

Cheong Peng Au-Yong, Xing Ni Gan, Nur Farhana Azmi et al.

The potential of public parks being able to promote mental and physical health of the public is widely discussed in recent years. However, the report for public park issues becomes a norm too. One of the issues being debated is the maintenance drawback in Malaysian public parks, implicating underutilisation of the parks. To address the issue, this paper aims to examine the maintenance priority towards public park’s features and facilities in Malaysia by considering the park visitors’ expectation and demand. A questionnaire survey was distributed to the park users and visitors with 1658 valid questionnaire responses. A mean analysis was performed to rank the maintenance of park features and facilities in both visitors’ perspective and actual experience. Subsequently, Wilcoxon signed-rank test was deployed to examine the difference between visitors’ perspective and actual experience towards maintenance of the park features and facilities. The findings determine ten park features and facilities that should be prioritised in respect to their maintenance. Furthermore, it is proven that significant difference occurs between visitors’ perspective and actual experience towards all park features and facilities. As a result, the study confirms the need of improving the park maintenance process and recommends the introduction of maintenance prioritisation towards the park features and facilities.

Takumi Kato, Ryosuke Ikeda, Masaki Koizumi

Since internal marketing (IM) treats employees as customers, the focus has naturally been on internal measures. However, consumer-oriented advertising provides an opportunity for employees to recognize the social impact of their work and change their mindset. Such activities can be seen in business, but knowledge based on academic research is scarce. Therefore, this study examined the effects on job satisfaction and turnover intention by targeting ten factors, including advertising and nine factors covered in existing IM literature (capability acquisition, wages, work-life balance, relationship with superiors, diversity of human resources, office facilities, cafeteria, advanced technology, and purpose). An online survey of 5,000 full-time employees across ten industries (automotives, electronics, medical equipment, food, real estate, information technology, finance, retail, service, and government) was conducted in Japan. Advertisement had no effect on satisfaction, but had a significant positive effect on turnover intention. Furthermore, we found that the smaller the size of the company and the younger the employees, the more likely the employees are to change jobs. This result indicates the need to take care not to increase the desire to change jobs when promoting internal communication through advertisements.

J. Middelhuis, R. Lo Bianco, E. Scherzer et al.

Efficient allocation of resources to activities is pivotal in executing business processes but remains challenging. While resource allocation methodologies are well-established in domains like manufacturing, their application within business process management remains limited. Existing methods often do not scale well to large processes with numerous activities or optimize across multiple cases. This paper aims to address this gap by proposing two learning-based methods for resource allocation in business processes to minimize the average cycle time of cases. The first method leverages Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to learn policies by allocating resources to activities. The second method is a score-based value function approximation approach, which learns the weights of a set of curated features to prioritize resource assignments. We evaluated the proposed approaches on six distinct business processes with archetypal process flows, referred to as scenarios, and three realistically sized business processes, referred to as composite business processes, which are a combination of the scenarios. We benchmarked our methods against traditional heuristics and existing resource allocation methods. The results show that our methods learn adaptive resource allocation policies that outperform or are competitive with the benchmarks in five out of six scenarios. The DRL approach outperforms all benchmarks in all three composite business processes and finds a policy that is, on average, 12.7% better than the best-performing benchmark.

Naoki Kitazawa

In our previous work, we have constructed explicit smooth real algebraic functions which may have both compact and non-compact preimages on smooth real algebraic manifolds. This paper presents its variant. Our result is new in obtaining non-proper smooth real algebraic functions on smooth real algebraic manifolds satisfying explicit conditions on (non-)compactness of preimages whereas previously the manifolds are only semi-algebraic. Explicitly, this mainly contributes to two different regions of mathematics. One is singularity theory of differentiable maps and applications to differential topology. More precisely, construction of nice smooth maps with desired preimages. The other is real algebraic geometry. More precisely, explicit construction of smooth real algebraic functions and maps whereas we can know the existence and consider approximations of smooth maps by maps of such classes in considerable cases.

Giovanna Acampa, Claudia Mariaserena Parisi

The management of maintenance activities is an ongoing concern for facility managers in the existing building sector due to its complexity and uncertainty. This applies all the more to cultural heritage as protection, preservation and enhancement are a priority in order to keep the artistic and cultural value of historical assets for future generations. In addition, problems related to the increasingly limited economic resources complicate maintenance management processes. Therefore, it has become a common standard to carry out maintenance activities only when actual emergencies occur, thus causing inefficiencies in the planning of Facility Management activities and an increase in maintenance costs. This paper shows a method to support the management decision-making in maintenance activities through Building Condition Assessment (BCA) processes integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) systems. The main objective is to develop a maintenance management strategy and support technicians in identifying maintenance priorities in a practical, simple and automated way in order to optimise procedures and costs. To achieve such a goal, the method proposes a BCA process that uses the following tools: 1) building breakdown structure according to UNI 8290 adapted to historic buildings; 2) a degradation level index and a technological and operational connection matrix to assess opportunity maintenance; 3) field inspections and data collection on Excel spreadsheets acting as external Database; 4) data management in BIM environment using Revit as BIM Authoring Software and Dynamo scripts as visual programming language (VPL) to link external Database to BIM model. The results highlight the important role of BIM in Facility Management of existing buildings and buildings of historical and cultural value by allowing the continuous update of information in a single BIM model for BCA purposes and shows a great potential to support facility managers in managing building maintenance activities and optimising costs.

Yulia Boriskina

The real estate market has to respond quickly to all global and local changes, such as the development of digital technologies, new legislation, the COVID-19 pandemic, and shrinking demand, and each major market player reacts accordingly. The government announces a new strategy in an effort to have information technologies introduced by its official agencies and the population and establish an electronic government system. Developers launch virtual sales and 3D tours, willing to attract new buyers from distant locations, cooperate with banks and provide assistance in obtaining digital signatures. Banks offer new services by consolidating online property search engines and mortgage issuance. SberBank’s DOMclick service is described in the article in detail. Even conservative notaries have joined the process: now they can notarize online deals and register electronic purchase and sale contracts. Online deals have several steps: choosing and visiting the property, entering into a preliminary contract and making an advance payment, performing the due diligence, preparing for the deal, having a mortgage issued and the deal registered, and now each step can be made online. Changes have affected both sales contracts and rental agreements. A leading Internet company has chosen to rent properties only from those landlords, who register rental agreements on its platform in the capacity of partners and have digital signatures to sign their electronic contracts. New services have become possible thanks to the development of new digital and online technologies, new tools appear to meet the market needs. Although some risks arise at certain stages, online technologies have been successfully adopted by the real estate market.