Hasil untuk "physics.app-ph"

L. Schneider, A. Korber, S. Grabbe et al.

E. Bååth, T. Anderson

S. Sauvé, W. Hendershot, H. Allen

J. Llopis, J. Mccaffery, Atsushi Miyawaki et al.

K. Emerson, R. Russo, R. Lund et al.

M. Koivusalo, Christopher M. Welch, H. Hayashi et al.

Inhibitors of Na+/H+ exchange proteins block macropinocytosis by lowering the pH near the plasma membrane, which in turn inhibits actin remodeling by Rho family GTPases.

O. Husson

BackgroundOxidation-reduction and acid–base reactions are essential for the maintenance of all living organisms. However, redox potential (Eh) has received little attention in agronomy, unlike pH, which is regarded as a master variable. Agronomists are probably depriving themselves of a key factor in crop and soil science which could be a useful integrative tool.ScopeThis paper reviews the existing literature on Eh in various disciplines connected to agronomy, whether associated or not with pH, and then integrates this knowledge within a composite framework.ConclusionsThis transdisciplinary review offers evidence that Eh and pH are respectively and jointly major drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems. Information on the roles of Eh and pH in plant and microorganism physiology and in soil genesis converges to form an operational framework for further studies of soil/plant/microorganism functioning. This framework is based on the hypothesis that plants physiologically function within a specific internal Eh-pH range and that, along with microorganisms, they alter Eh and pH in the rhizosphere to ensure homeostasis at the cell level. This new perspective could help in bridging several disciplines related to agronomy, and across micro and macro-scales. It should help to improve cropping systems design and management, in conventional, organic, and conservation agriculture.

Chunyi Sun, C. Qin, Xinlong Wang et al.

M. McCulloch, J. Falter, J. Trotter et al.

M. H. Lee, Nayoung Park, C. Yi et al.

We report here a mitochondria-targetable pH-sensitive probe that allows for a quantitative measurement of mitochondrial pH changes, as well as the real-time monitoring of pH-related physiological effects in live cells. This system consists of a piperazine-linked naphthalimide as a fluorescence off–on signaling unit, a cationic triphenylphosphonium group for mitochondrial targeting, and a reactive benzyl chloride subunit for mitochondrial fixation. It operates well in a mitochondrial environment within whole cells and displays a desirable off–on fluorescence response to mitochondrial acidification. Moreover, this probe allows for the monitoring of impaired mitochondria undergoing mitophagic elimination as the result of nutrient starvation. It thus allows for the monitoring of the organelle-specific dynamics associated with the conversion between physiological and pathological states.

Nadish Anand, Prashant Shukla, Warren Jasper

This work is the second in a series focused on ferrofluid bend channel flows. Here, ferrofluid flows in bend channels are modeled using machine learning methods, based on data generated from the CFD simulation discussed in the first work in this series. Predicting convective heat transfer in ferrofluid flows influenced by magnetic fields is key to advancing thermal management in microscale and energy-intensive systems.

Felix M. Mayor, Wenyan Guan, Erik Szakiel et al.

Unlike the rigid, high-volume automation found in industry, academic research requires process flexibility that has historically relied on variable manual operations. This hinders the fabrication of advanced, complex devices. We propose to address this gap by automating these low-volume, high-stakes tasks using a robotic arm to improve process control and consistency. As a proof of concept, we deploy this system for the resist development of Josephson junction devices. A statistical comparison of the process repeatability shows the robotic process achieves a resistance spread across chips close to 2%, a significant improvement over the ~7% spread observed from human operators, validating robotics as a solution to eliminate operator-dependent variability and a path towards industrial-level consistency in a research setting.

K. Schouten, E. P. Gallent, M. Koper

T. M. Lawrie, T. A. Starkey, G. Tanner et al.

We leverage quantum graph theory to quickly and accurately characterise acoustic metamaterials comprising networks of interconnected pipes. Anisotropic bond lengths are incorporated in the model that correspond to space-coiled acoustic structures to exhibit dispersion spectra reminiscent of hyperbolic metamaterials. We construct two metasurfaces with embedded graph structure and, motivated by the graph theory, infer and fine-tune their dispersive properties to engineer non-resonant negative refraction of acoustic surface waves at their interface. Agreement between the graph model, full wave simulations, and experiments bolsters quantum graph theory as a new paradigm for metamaterial design.

Adam Gleichman, Kindred Griffis, Sergey V. Baryshev

The electron fluid model in plasmonic field effect transistor (FET) operation is related to the behavior of a radio-frequency (RF) cavity. This new understanding led to finding the relationships between physical device parameters and equivalent circuit components in traditional parallel resistor, inductor, and capacitor (RLC) and transmission models for cavity structures. Verification of these models is performed using PSpice to simulate the frequency dependent voltage output and compare with analytical equations for the drain potential as a function of frequency.

M. Donaire, N. Bruyant, G. L. J. A. Rikken

We propose a novel method for enantio-selective electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy based on magneto-chiral anisotropy. We calculate the strength of this effect and propose a dedicated interferometer setup for its observation.

T. Batth, Chiara Francavilla, J. Olsen

Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) involved in embryonic development, adult homeostasis, and disease. Over the past decade, several advances have been made in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based technologies to identify thousands of phosphorylation sites. However, in-depth phosphoproteomics often require off-line enrichment and fractionation techniques. In this study, we provide a detailed analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of phosphopeptides, which have been fractionated by off-line high-pH chromatography (HpH) before subsequent titanium dioxide (TiO2) enrichment and LC-MS/MS analysis. Our results demonstrate that HpH is superior to standard strong-cation exchange (SCX) fractionation in the total number of phosphopeptides detected when analyzing the same number of fractions by identical LC-MS/MS gradients. From 14 HpH fractions, we routinely identified over 30,000 unique phosphopeptide variants, which is more than twice the number of that obtained from SCX fractionation. HpH chromatography displayed an exceptional ability to fractionate singly phosphorylated peptides, with minor benefits for doubly phosphorylated peptides over that with SCX. Further optimizations in the pooling and concatenation strategy increased the total number of multiphosphorylated peptides detected after HpH fractionation. In conclusion, we provide a basic framework and resource for performing in-depth phosphoproteome studies utilizing off-line basic reversed-phased fractionation. Raw data is available at ProteomeXchange (PXD001404).

Han-Ni Liang, Chuan-he Tang

A. Idili, A. Vallée‐Bélisle, F. Ricci

Fuquan Tu, Daeyeon Lee