The article studies the concept of circular economy as an alternative of traditional linear model oriented to efficient use of natural resources, cutting wastes and development of closed material cycles. The basis of circular economy is formed by the principle of maximum use of resources through recycling and repeated use of materials. Transition to circular economy can become an important strategic element for Russia, especially in conditions of such challenges as dependence on import and sanctions. The article provides analysis of data concerning recycling and import of plastics in Russia, where considerable volumes of plastic wastes cannot be used due to insufficient development of recycling infrastructure. The proposed economic model shows that transition to recycling of 95% of imported plastics can both create a serious economic potential for import substitution and result in extra economic benefits, including new sources of revenues, jobs and transition to economy of closed cycle without necessity of raw material purchase with foreign currency. In conclusion the authors underlined the necessity of complex approach to effective recycling of plastics and cutting plastic wastes within the frames of goals of sustainable development in the Russian Federation.
Electric field manipulates the change of droplets wettability on superhydrophobic surfaces, which is widely used in many fields such as electronic zoom microlens and electro wetting displays, and has an important research value. This paper prepared a superhydrophobic acetate film applied electrostatic spinning technique,the maximum contact angle of acetate film is 152.6°, conducted electric field-regulated water droplet wettability change tests, applied voltage to water droplets on acetate film. it was found that the contact angle of the droplets decreased with the increase of the electric field strength, and the electric field regulated the contact angle of the droplets to change in the range of 92.7-142.3°. When the power supply is turned off, the contact angle of the droplet can gradually recover, but not completely restored to the original state.
ABSTRACT Introduction Topical anesthesia (TA) of the nasal fossa has been shown to be sufficient for patient comfort during nasal endoscopy. However, investigators need to know how soon after the administration of TA they can accurately evaluate olfactory capability. Thus, the main aim of this study was to assess, in healthy volunteers (HV), when the effects of TA wear off to accurately measure olfactory capability after its administration. Methods A prospective, single‐center, pilot study was conducted to evaluate the duration of the effect of TA on olfactory capability, using the UPSIT. Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited and analyzed. Following baseline testing (UPSIT), TA was administered intranasally (lidocaine + oxymetazoline). Then, participants underwent three additional UPSIT evaluations at distinct time points: immediately post‐application (T0), 10 min (T + 10), and 30 min post‐application (T + 30). The primary outcome was the change in UPSIT score from baseline to each subsequent time point. Paired t‐tests were applied to compare within‐subject score differences across time points. Significance was defined as p < 0.05, and the R software was used. Results For the 30 HV included, the mean UPSIT at T0 was 32.8 ± 3.1. At T1, the mean UPSIT (29.6 ± 4.0) was significantly lower than at T0 (3.13 ± 3.7‐point, p < 0.0001). At T2, the mean UPSIT was 31.7 ± 4.2, without any significant difference from T0 (−1.03 ± 3.5‐point, p = 0.350). At T3, the mean UPSIT was 31.7 ± 3.1, without any significant difference compared to T0 (−1.07 ± 2.6‐point, p = 0.067). Regarding subgroup analysis between healthy volunteers with or without ITH, their own perception of smell and UPSIT were significantly different. Conclusion Immediately after receiving 4 sprays per nostril, the mean UPSIT—with testing begun directly after the spray was administered—was significantly lower than baseline, dropping under the threshold for normal olfactory function. It was fully recovered by ten min. Level of Evidence 3.
Abstract The presence of bacterial biofilms and the occurrence of excessive inflammatory response greatly imped the healing process of chronic wounds in diabetic patients. However, effective strategies to simultaneously address these issues are still lacking. Here, a microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy (GC@Pd) is constructed via the coordination and in situ reduction of palladium ions on gallic acid‐modified chitosan (GC) to promote wound healing by synergistic biofilm eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunoregulation. During the weakly acidic conditions of the biofilm infection stage, GC@Pd serves as a nanodecoy to induce bacterial aggregation. Subsequently, through its oxidase‐like activity generating reactive oxygen species and the hyperthermia from photothermal effects, it effectively eliminates the biofilm. As the local microenvironment of diabetic wounds transitions to an alkaline inflammatory state, the enzyme‐like activity of GC@Pd adapts to catalase‐like activity, effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species at the site of inflammation. Additionally, GC@Pd could selectively capture pro‐inflammatory cytokines through Michael addition reactions. In vivo experiments and transcriptomic analysis confirmed that GC@Pd could accelerate the wound transition from inflammatory to proliferative phase by eliminating biofilm infection and reducing the inflammatory response, thus promoting diabetic chronic wound healing. The nanodecoy provides a potential therapeutic strategy for treating biofilm‐infected diabetic chronic wounds.
Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), in combination with adverse community environments, can result in traumatic stress reactions, increasing a person’s risk for chronic physical and mental health conditions. Family resilience refers to the ability of families to withstand and rebound from adversity; it involves coping with disruptions as well as positive growth in the face of sudden or challenging life events, trauma, or adversities. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to family and community resilience from the perspective of families who self-identified as having a history of adversity and being resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study used Photovoice, a visual participatory research method which asks participants to take photographs to illustrate their responses to a research question. Participants consisted of a maximum variation sample of families who demonstrated family level resilience in the context of the pair of ACEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family members were asked to collect approximately five images or videos that illustrated the facilitators and barriers to well-being for their family in their community. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using the SHOWeD framework to allow participants to share and elucidate the meaning of their photos. Using thematic analysis, two researchers then independently completed line-by-line coding of interview transcripts before collaborating to develop consensus regarding key themes and interpretations. Results Nine families were enrolled in the study. We identified five main themes that enhanced family resilience: (1) social support networks; (2) factors fostering children's development; (3) access and connection to nature; (4) having a space of one’s own; and (5) access to social services and community resources. Conclusions In the context of additional stresses related to the COVID-19 pandemic, resilient behaviours and strategies for families were identified. The creation or development of networks of intra- and inter-community bonds; the promotion of accessible parenting, housing, and other social services; and the conservation and expansion of natural environments may support resilience and health.
This article delves into the psychological literature concerning divorce and its impact on the personality development of preadolescents aged 9-12. Researchers in this field emphasize the significant role of family and socio-cultural environments in shaping a child’s personality, considering personality as a system embedded within a matrix of socio-cultural systems.
The Millon Pre-Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MPACI) test was employed to identify personality disorders among preadolescents affected by parental separation. The underlying hypothesis posits that preadolescents with divorced parents would exhibit personality disorders, and significant differences would emerge in the personality patterns between preadolescents from divorced families and those from intact families. Statistical analysis of the results corroborated this hypothesis, shedding light on the nuanced effects of divorce on preadolescent personality development.
Dante S. Lauretta, Harold C. Connolly, Jeffrey N. Grossman
et al.
The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft arrived at its target, near-Earth asteroid 101955 Bennu, in December 2018. After one year of operating in proximity, the team selected a primary site for sample collection. In October 2020, the spacecraft descended to the surface of Bennu and collected a sample. The spacecraft departed Bennu in May 2021 and will return the sample to Earth in September 2023. The analysis of the returned sample will produce key data to determine the history of this B-type asteroid and that of its components and precursor objects. The main goal of the OSIRIS-REx Sample Analysis Plan is to provide a framework for the Sample Analysis Team to meet the Level 1 mission requirement to analyze the returned sample to determine presolar history, formation age, nebular and parent-body alteration history, relation to known meteorites, organic history, space weathering, resurfacing history, and energy balance in the regolith of Bennu. To achieve this goal, this plan establishes a hypothesis-driven framework for coordinated sample analyses, defines the analytical instrumentation and techniques to be applied to the returned sample, provides guidance on the analysis strategy for baseline, overguide, and threshold amounts of returned sample, including a rare or unique lithology, describes the data storage, management, retrieval, and archiving system, establishes a protocol for the implementation of a micro-geographical information system to facilitate co-registration and coordinated analysis of sample science data, outlines the plans for Sample Analysis Readiness Testing, and provides guidance for the transfer of samples from curation to the Sample Analysis Team.
Introduction
Tobacco users are categorized as single, dual, and triple users based
on the number of tobacco products (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco
products) used. This study addressed a literature gap by examining how adult
Korean tobacco users’ quit attempts/plans differed based on the user type, and
the associated psychosocial and subjective health-related factors.
Methods
We used a questionnaire to examine participants' self-reported health,
stress, health concerns, health behavior, tobacco addiction, intentions/plans to
quit, and demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using chi-squared tests,
one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression.
Results
Of the 1288 tobacco users, 55.4%, 28.3%, and 16.4% were single, dual, and
triple users, respectively. Self-rated health and stress were lowest among single
users and highest among triple users. Most user types had intentions/plans to
quit, especially triple users. Quit attempts and plans increased with increasing
health behaviors and time elapsed before first tobacco use in the morning, but
decreased with higher stress and self-rated addiction.
Conclusions
Intentions/plans to quit tobacco use varied based on the type of tobacco
user. Multiple users had higher self-rated health, plans to quit, and self-reported
addiction; they considered themselves healthy or engaged in healthy behaviors
to offset problems from tobacco use and used multiple tobacco products to quit
smoking. Highly stressed users had fewer plans to quit and used tobacco for stress
relief. Thus, the provision of accurate information about tobacco products and
stress management is important to promote successful quitting.
Diseases of the respiratory system, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
Widodo Bayu, Dewi Renanti Medhanita, Indriasari Sofiyanti
et al.
As the digital world evolves, safeguarding digital assets becomes crucial for organizations, particularly educational institutions. LSP SV-IPB, as a vocational certification body, manages student data, academic records, and other valuable information. Therefore, it is essential to implement an effective protection strategy. The research aims to develop and implement digital asset protection strategies at the LSP SV-IPB. The protection focuses on data storage management so that passive data is properly stored as the main backup and transactional data runs efficiently. The Synology Network Attached Storage (NAS) was proposed as the development model. NAS has proven efficient in managing data and providing reliable backups. Through NAS, passive data can be properly archived and protected, while transactional data can be accessed and processed at optimal speed. Hence, literature studies, software analysis, and experiments on the network environment were conducted. Model development was conducted using the design and implementation of NAS infrastructure at the LSP SV-IPB. Data collection covered the effective and efficient use of NAS in maintaining data integrity and mitigating the risk of losing important information. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of an efficient and reliable digital asset protection strategy within the LSP SV-IPB environment.
Cement concrete is the material, construction industries using it most all over the world in spite of its inherent weakness to carry tension which is supplemented by the reinforcing bars added to it.
Introduction. The conducted research is aimed at identifying the methodological foundations, content, methods and mechanisms for organizing the patriotic education in adolescents and "Z generation" youth. The article defines the essential characteristics of the education processes and creation of juvenile media, and substantiates the possibility and potential of integrating these processes. Theoretical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in the development and theoretical justification of the Model of organizing the patriotic education in the “Generation Z” youth with the involvement of the juvnile media resource, which includes methodological, target-oriented, activity and result blocks, and which is based on a combination of humanistic, personal, activity, and integrative approaches to the process of educating adolescents, allowing to ensure the integrity and functionality of the Model. The mechanism of education is the pedagogical support of the value-semantic self-determination of a young person at each stage of a young media journalist work on media material. In the process of creating media material, a chain of upbringing methods is used (according to Z. I. Vasilyeva): goal-setting – informational and educational – evaluative. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the possibility of using the potential of juvenile media in the process of patriotic education in generation Z teenagers is substantiated: the purpose, the main mechanism, the content and methods of the upbringing process, the structure and indicators of the result of the patriotic upbringing of adolescents and the "Generation Z" youth with the involvement of the juvenile media resource.
Summary: Herein, with the help of experimental and first-principles density functional theory (DFT)-based studies, we have shown that structural changes in the water coordination in electrolytes having high alkalinity can be a possible reason for the reduced catalytic activity of platinum (Pt) in high pH. Studies with polycrystalline Pt electrodes indicate that electrocatalytic HER activity reduces in terms of high overpotential required, high Tafel slope, and high charge transfer resistances in concentrated aqueous alkaline electrolytes (say 6 M KOH) in comparison to that in low alkaline electrolytes (say 0.1 M KOH), irrespective of the counter cations (Na+, K+, or Rb+) present. The changes in the water structure of bulk electrolytes as well as that in electrode-electrolyte interface are studied. The results are compared with DFT-based analysis, and the study can pave new directions in studying the HER process in terms of the water structure near the electrode-electrolyte interface.
We discuss the recent developments of semi-classical and micro-local analysis in the context of nilpotent Lie groups and for sub-elliptic operators. In particular, we give an overview of pseudo-differential calculi recently defined on nilpotent Lie groups as well as of the notion of quantum limits in the Euclidean and nilpotent cases.
The method of Lie symmetry analysis of differential equations is applied to determine exact solutions for the Camassa-Choi equation and its generalization. We prove that the Camassa-Choi equation is invariant under an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra, with an essential five-dimensional Lie algebra. The application of the Lie point symmetries leads to the construction of exact similarity solutions.
Maximilian T. Fischer, Daniel A. Keim, Manuel Stein
With the increasingly detailed investigation of game play and tactics in invasive team sports such as soccer, it becomes ever more important to present causes, actions and findings in a meaningful manner. Visualizations, especially when augmenting relevant information directly inside a video recording of a match, can significantly improve and simplify soccer match preparation and tactic planning. However, while many visualization techniques for soccer have been developed in recent years, few have been directly applied to the video-based analysis of soccer matches. This paper provides a comprehensive overview and categorization of the methods developed for the video-based visual analysis of soccer matches. While identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the individual approaches, we identify and discuss open research questions, soon enabling analysts to develop winning strategies more efficiently, do rapid failure analysis or identify weaknesses in opposing teams.
In earlier work, we have developed and evaluated an alternative approach to the analysis of GWAS data, based on a statistic called the PPLD. More recently, motivated by a GWAS for genetic modifiers of the X-linked Mendelian disorder Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), we adapted the PPLD for application to time-to-event (TE) phenotypes. Because DMD itself is relatively rare, this is a setting in which the very large sample sizes generally assembled for GWAS are simply not attainable. For this reason, statistical methods specially adapted for use in small data sets are required. Here we explore the behavior of the TE-PPLD via simulations, comparing the TE-PPLD with Cox Proportional Hazards analysis in the context of small to moderate sample sizes. Our results will help to inform our approach to the DMD study going forward, and they illustrate several respects in which the TE-PPLD, and by extension the original PPLD, offer advantages over regression-based approaches to GWAS in this context.
In this work we analyse the functional ${\cal J}(u)=\|\nabla u\|_\infty$ defined on Lipschitz functions with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Our analysis is performed directly on the functional without the need to approximate with smooth $p$-norms. We prove that its ground states coincide with multiples of the distance function to the boundary of the domain. Furthermore, we compute the $L^2$-subdifferential of ${\cal J}$ and characterize the distance function as unique non-negative eigenfunction of the subdifferential operator. We also study properties of general eigenfunctions, in particular their nodal sets. Furthermore, we prove that the distance function can be computed as asymptotic profile of the gradient flow of ${\cal J}$ and construct analytic solutions of fast marching type. In addition, we give a geometric characterization of the extreme points of the unit ball of ${\cal J}$. Finally, we transfer many of these results to a discrete version of the functional defined on a finite weighted graph. Here, we analyze properties of distance functions on graphs and their gradients. The main difference between the continuum and discrete setting is that the distance function is not the unique non-negative eigenfunction on a graph.
Fitting regression models with many multivariate responses and covariates can be challenging, but such responses and covariates sometimes have tensor-variate structure. We extend the classical multivariate regression model to exploit such structure in two ways: first, we impose four types of low-rank tensor formats on the regression coefficients. Second, we model the errors using the tensor-variate normal distribution that imposes a Kronecker separable format on the covariance matrix. We obtain maximum likelihood estimators via block-relaxation algorithms and derive their computational complexity and asymptotic distributions. Our regression framework enables us to formulate tensor-variate analysis of variance (TANOVA) methodology. This methodology, when applied in a one-way TANOVA layout, enables us to identify cerebral regions significantly associated with the interaction of suicide attempters or non-attemptor ideators and positive-, negative- or death-connoting words in a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging study. Another application uses three-way TANOVA on the Labeled Faces in the Wild image dataset to distinguish facial characteristics related to ethnic origin, age group and gender.