Arifin, I Nyoman Jampel, Dewa Bagus Sanjaya
et al.
Principal learning leadership is an important factor in improving the quality of education, but its implementation in remote areas still faces various structural and resource limitations. This study aims to describe the learning leadership practices of school principals in schools in remote areas of South Central Timor Regency, analyze adaptive strategies applied in managing learning in the midst of limitations, and formulate its conceptual contribution to the development of educational leadership theory. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design in three schools. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with principals and teachers, observations, and documentation, then analyzed thematically to identify patterns of practice and leadership strategies. The results of the study show that learning leadership practices run in diverse and contextual forms. School principals continue to carry out the functions of supervision and management of learning, but their intensity and quality are influenced by personal capacity, structural support such as infrastructure and access to training, and government policies. Adaptive strategies that emerge include strengthening internal solidarity, self-training, and orientation to the sustainability of educational services in the midst of limitations. This study concludes that learning leadership in remote areas is adaptive and contextual, so its development needs to consider geographical, social, and structural factors to be in harmony with the reality of the field.
Rusdian Rifai, Turmudi, Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan
et al.
This study aims to evaluate the extent to which the open-ended approach affects the achievement of students' mathematical understanding ability in vocational high schools (SMK). The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design, in which two groups of students (experimental group and control group) were compared based on test results before and after treatment. The research sample consisted of 72 students who were selected by intact group (based on the class that had been formed) to minimize disruption to teaching and learning activities at school. This sampling was done by considering the real conditions in the field so as not to disrupt the existing learning schedule and class structure. The research data was obtained through a description test consisting of three questions, with a maximum score of 12 for each question. Data analysis was conducted in two stages: first, a normality test to check data distribution, and second, a mean difference test using the Mann-Whitney U test because the data were not normally distributed. The results showed that the group of students taught with the open-ended approach had better mathematical understanding achievement than the group that received direct learning. This finding indicates that the open-ended approach is effective in promoting mathematical conceptual understanding through independent exploration.
Education is an important and complex social phenomenon, influenced by various social, economic and cultural factors. The relationship between education and social stratification is interrelated in shaping the structure of society, especially in studying how education affects opportunity and equality, as well as how social stratification impacts individual success in various levels of society. Education aims to encourage the progress of humanity and the nation. This research aims to explain educational policies and practices that can reduce social stratification and identify the obstacles that influence these efforts. The study was conducted at SMKN 1 Sangatta Utara using qualitative methods through direct interviews and observation. The research results show that despite challenges and obstacles in the education sector, such as unequal access and economic disparities, SMKN 1 Sangatta Utara strives to reduce inequality by implementing inclusive and fair education policies. The school's efforts have had a positive impact in creating more equitable access to education and reducing social stratification.
Muhammad Habib Pasaribu, Siska Lailan Munira, Sasmi Nelwati
Citizenship Education in higher education institutions plays a crucial role in shaping students' character as responsible and contributive citizens. This article discusses the fundamental concepts, history, foundations, urgency, and goals of CE in universities. CE focuses on character formation, Indonesian identity, national pride, and love for the homeland. The history of Citizenship Education dates back to 1957 with the introduction of civics. The foundations of CE encompass philosophical, juridical, and sociological aspects. The urgency of CE lies in fostering critical thinking and preparing the youth for the future. The objective of CE is to equip students with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to become active and responsible citizens.
Kadek Ayu Widia Fransiska, Ni Ketut Suarni, I Gede Margunayasa
Kemampuan kognitif adalah kemampuan anak untuk berpikir secara lebih kompleks, bernalar, dan mampu memecahkan masalah. Pada masa kini tenaga pendidik sudah menggunakan berbagai media pembelajaran digital yang sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi di abad 21. Penguasaan guru dalam penggunaan teknologi dalam membuat media pembelajaran yang baru serta ketertarikan siswa dalam pembelajaran berkaitan dan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kognitif, karena dengan media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan maka siswa akan semakin memahami pembelajaran sejarah dan pengetahuan siswa akan bertambah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur sistematis dengan studi desain PRISMA (Prefferes Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis), yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu strategi pemilihan data, kriteria penelitian, dan ekstraksi data. Penelitian kajian literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan kognitif siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan media pembelajaran digital yang ditinjau dari teori kognitif Jean Piaget. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa media pembelajaran digital berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan dan menstimulus perkembangan kogntif anak yang ditinjau dari teori kognitif Jean Piaget. Penggunaan media pembelajaran digital kedepannya diharapkan mampu menunjang perkembangan kognitif anak dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah dengan tetap memperhatikan karakteristik anak.
Herlina Febiyanti, Dwi Candra Yuniar, Mohammad Syukri Pesilette
et al.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar dan minat belajar Taruna Manajemen Bandar Udara Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis manova. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ini sebanyak 100 taruna program studi manajemen bandar udaraa Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) Terdapat pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar Taruna Program Studi Manajemen Bandar Udara Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang, (2) Terdapat pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap minat Taruna Program Studi Manajemen Bandar Udara Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang, (3) Terdapat pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar dan minat belajar Taruna Program Studi Manajemen Bandar Udara Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang
I Gusti Lanang Trisna Sumantara, Made Windu Antara Kesiman, I Made Gede Sunarya
Periapical radiographs are commonly used by dentists to diagnose dental problems and overall dental health conditions. The varying abilities of dentists to diagnose may be limited by their visual acuity and individual skills. To address this issue, there is a need for an application capable of computationally recognizing and classifying periapical radiographs. The commonly used computational method for image processing, specifically image recognition, is the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method. This study aims to create an application that can classify periapical radiographs and analyze the capabilities of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method in this classification process. In general, periapical classification is divided into five types: Primary Endo with Secondary Perio, Primary Endodontic Lesion, Primary Perio with Secondary Endo, Primary Periodontal Lesion, and True Combined Lesions. The periapical radiograph classification process was tested using four CNN models: ResNet50v2, EfficientNetB1, MobileNet, and Shalow CNN. The evaluation of the CNN method utilized a confusion matrix-based technique to generate accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score and Weighted Average F1-score values. Based on the evaluation results, the highest accuracy value was achieved by EfficientNetB1 with 82%, followed by ResNet50v2 with 76%, MobileNet with 75%, and Shallow CNN with 71%.
Pendidikan Islam mengukuhkan nilai ruh dalam penataran petunjuk agama Islam. pendidikan Islam sering dipraktikkan ke dalam nilai-nilai dan keutamaan regional. Seperti di Jawa, Pendidikan Islam searah dengan nilai-nilai Jawa selaku keyakinan regional dan kearifan bagi orang Jawa. Peristiwa ini diprediksi kuat sebab dampak pendidikan Islam yang sudah dirasai bahasa area di Jawa (“Pendidikan Islam Dan Nilai Kejawen,” N.D.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menetapkan sub prosedur pendidikan Islam secara lokal, demi arah agar menaksir eksistensi dan dasar pendidikan demi pelaksanaan dan penentuan Islam pendidikan selaku integritas pendidikan lokal yang dipandang sebagai komoditas kredibilitas dan peleraian. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kajian literatur dengan deskripsi kualitatif dengan meneliti dan mengasosiasikan data. Pendidikan Islam mempunyai hak agar dapat mencapai keabsahan untuk berkembang dalam menangkup kepentingan Pendidikan Muslim yang menonjol di Indonesia dan tanggapan negara tentang pendidikan Islam itu sudah berjalan semenjak munculnya Islam seperti kuttab, halaqah, suffah, dan madrasah, memintasi UU No 2 Tahun 1989 dan UU No 20 Tahun 2003, adalah untuk pradana pendidikan Islam menggambarkan integritas pendidikan lokal dan selaku penanggulangan dalam merespons sanggahan tersebut dan merespons perbahasan pemisahan dan dualitas antara pendidikan di bawah naungan Kementerian Agama dan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Budaya (Akip et al., n.d.)
Abstrak. Di era digital saat ini penggunaan teknologi untuk menunjang pembelajaran sangat dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar pokok bahasan kubus. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pengembangan berbasis AR. Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Terdiri dari 5 siswa dari 3 sekolah yang berbeda yaitu SD Bayumeneng, SD Srunggo dan SD Muhammadiyah Karangtengah. Instrumen menggunakan beta test dengan metode Attention Relevance Considence and Satisfaction (ARCS). Langkah- langkah pengembangan penelitian yaitu peneliti melakukan analisis kebutuhan, membuat desain awal, dan pengujian item-item yang dinilai dalam instrumen penelitian. Aspek-aspek yang dinilai dari instrumen penelitian meliputi relevansi, perhatian, keyakinan, dan kepuasan. Problem Based Learning digunakan sebagai model pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil dapat diketahui bahwa pengembangan LKPD berbasis AR dapat menarik minat dan motivasi siswa belajar matematika. Media pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan untuk memudahkan siswa dalam menalar mengenai dimensi tiga, khususnya bangun ruang kubus.
Kata Kunci:
Augmented Reality (AR), Matematika, Multimedia Pembelajaran, Keterampilan Abad 21, Kubus
Murad Abdu Saeed, Atef Odeh AbuSa’aleek, Huda Suleiman Al Qunayeer
How teachers can provide effective feedback that promotes' students' active responses to and use of it is the question of the current debate in research. The need for teachers to formulate/compose their feedback in the form of questioning alleviates their authoritative roles in the process. Therefore, this study explored the role of teacher Google Doc-based feedback given in the form of questions on the assignments of 14 pairs of undergraduates in a Malaysian university in fostering their responses to feedback and uptake of it in writing. The results revealed that the feedback questions fall into single Yes/No questions, single Wh-questions, and a combination of both, which served as eliciting responses, eliciting information, seeking clarifications, requesting, checking certainty, and inviting learners to respond to and interact over the e-feedback before using it in revising their texts. Findings indicate that Google Docs functions as an interactive platform where students diversify their responses to e-feedback, such as commenting on the e-feedback, interacting around the e-feedback issues, seeking further feedback, resolving the e-feedback, and addressing the e-feedback through edits/text revisions. Furthermore, the way e-feedback questioning is formulated influences how students respond to and use e-feedback in revising their assignments. The study provides valuable suggestions for teacher feedback practices in graduate courses in higher educational institutions.
Special aspects of education, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
Ivent Astiantari, Didik Sugeng Pambudi, Ervin Oktavianingtyas
et al.
Abstrak
Kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan tahapan focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity, dan overview serta kemampuan daya juang (adversity quotient) memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam aktivitas memecahkan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah ditinjau dari adversity quotient (AQ). Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini dilakukan di sebuah SMP di Jember, Indonesia, pada bulan September 2021. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode angket Adversity Response Profile (ARP), tes tertulis berpikir kritis, serta wawancara. Hasil pemberian angket ARP kepada 31 siswa kelas IXB, diketahui ada 10 siswa dengan tipe climber, 18 siswa dengan tipe camper, dan 3 siswa dengan tipe quitter. Dari tipe AQ tersebut dipilih enam siswa dengan 2 siswa tipe climber, 2 siswa tipe camper, dan 2 siswa tipe quitter untuk mengikuti tes tertulis dan wawancara. Triangulasi menggunakan triangulasi metode, yaitu mencari kesesuaian antara data dari hasil tes tertulis dengan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan tipe climber memenuhi seluruh kriteria berpikir kritis FRISCO, yaitu focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity, dan overview. Siswa dengan tipe climber mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang diberikan dengan tepat waktu dan mengecek kembali jawaban. Siswa dengan tipe camper dapat memenuhi 5 dari 6 kriteria berpikir kritis FRISCO, yaitu focus, reason, inference, situation dan clarity. Siswa dengan tipe camper mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang diberikan tepat waktu. Kekurangannya adalah siswa camper tidak melakukan overview, yaitu tidak mengecek kembali jawaban sesudah menyelesaikan masalah. Adapun siswa dengan tipe quitter hanya mampu memenuhi 2 dari 6 kriteria berpikir kritis FRISCO, yaitu mereka hanya mampu melakukan focus, dan clarity, serta kesulitan memahami permasalahan sehingga tidak dapat menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Dari hasil ini, maka guru perlu memberikan motivasi kepada siswa untuk mempunyai daya juang tinggi agar memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi dalam memecahkan masalah matematika.
Abstract
Critical thinking skills which include the stages of focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity, and overview as well as the ability to fight (adversity quotient) have a very important role in solving mathematical problems. This study aims to describe students' critical thinking skills in solving problems in terms of the adversity quotient (AQ). This descriptive qualitative research was conducted at a junior high school in Jember, Indonesia, in September 2021. The data was collected using the Adversity Response Profile (ARP) questionnaire, a written critical thinking test, and interviews. The results of giving ARP questionnaires to 31 students of class IXB, it is known that there are 10 students with the climber type, 18 students with the camper type, and 3 students with the quitter type. From the AQ type, six students were selected with 2 climber type students, 2 camper type students, and 2 quitter type students to take written tests and interviews. Triangulation uses the triangulation method, which is to find a match between the data from the results of the written test and the interview. The results showed that the climber type students met all of the FRISCO critical thinking criteria, namely focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity, and overview. Students with the climber type are able to solve the problems given in a timely manner and recheck the answers. Camper type students can fulfill 5 of 6 FRISCO critical thinking criteria, namely focus, reason, inference, situation and clarity. Camper type students are able to solve the problems given on time. The drawback is that camper students do not do an overview, that is, they do not re-check the answers after solving the problem. As for students with the quitter type, they are only able to meet 2 of the 6 criteria for FRISCO critical thinking, namely they are only able to focus and clarity, and have difficulty understanding problems so they cannot solve the problems. From these results, the teacher needs to motivate students to have a high adversity quotient in order to have high critical thinking skills in solving mathematical problems.
Keywords: Adversity Quotient, Critical Thinking, Mathematical Problem Solving.
The purpose of this article, among others, was to analyze the role of the principal in increasing teacher innovation and creativity at SMPIT Hidayatul Ghazzali Purwakarta during a pandemic. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection through observation and interviews with the aim of describing the role of the principal at SMPIT Hidayatul Ghazzali. The objects of research include the principal, three teachers, the school committee, and two guardians and students. The role of the principal as a leader or leader, it can be seen that some of the efforts he has made in increasing teacher innovation and creativity in learning include: a) the principal as an example; b) providing guidance or supervision; c) award and punishment; d) involving teachers in training; e) create a pleasant working atmosphere, and f) provide freedom to innovate and be creative.
Abstract
One of the problems that often occur in learning mathematics at school is the difficulty of teachers in providing test instruments. This research aims to develop a valid and practicaly high-level thinking mathematics test instrument for senior high school students in the local context. The higher-order thinking levels that are the focus of this research are analysis, evaluation, and creativity. The type of research conducted is development research using a formative evaluation design. The research instrument consisted of validity sheets and practicality sheets. The validity of the test instrument was analyzed using the Aiken index. The practicality test was carried out in a small group tryout with the subject of the tenth grade of Senior High School in Bengkulu. The study results were high-level thinking math questions in the local context for the tenth grade that were valid and practical, consisting of 5 multiple choice questions with 2 levels of analysis, 2 questions for evaluation, 1 creative question, and 3 essay questions covering all three levels. The study results were high-level thinking math questions in the local context for the tenth grade that were valid and practical, consisting of 5 multiple choice questions with 2 levels of analysis, 2 questions for evaluation, 1 creative question, and 3 essay questions covering all three levels.
Abstrak
Salah satu permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah adalah sulitnya guru dalam menyediakan instrumen tes. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes matematika berpikir tingkat tinggi untuk siswa SMA dalam konteks lokal yang valid dan praktis. Level berpikir tingkat tinggi yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah: analisis, evaluasi, dan kreatif. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian pengembangan menggunakan desain formatif evaluation. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari lembar validitas dan lembar kepraktisan. Validitas instrumen tes dianalisis menggunakan indeks Aiken. Uji kepraktisan dilakukan dalam uji coba kelompok kecil dengan subjek kelas X SMA di Bengkulu. Hasil penelitian berupa soal matematika berpikir tingkat tinggi untuk siswa kelas X SMA konteks lokal yang valid dan praktis sebanyak 5 soal pilihan ganda dengan level analisis sebanyak 2 soal, evaluasi sebanyak 2 pertanyaan, dan kreatif sebanyak 1 pertanyaan serta 3 soal uraian yang mencangkup ketiga level. Soal memenuhi kriteria valid berdasarkan penilaian penguji dan praktis ditinjau dari keterbacaan pada uji kelompok kecil. Hasil uji coba terhadap 24 siswa menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 14 siswa berada pada kategori sedang (58,33%), 7 siswa pada kategori baik (29,17%), dan 3 siswa pada kategori tinggi (12,50%).
Di era modern dunia pesantren memiliki tantangan dalam merespon gagasan tentang modernisasi pendidikan terhadap adanya perubahan sosial, dimana perubahan ini memaksa santri untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman, sedangkan metode pembelajaran ini menggunakan metode klasik berupa Arab pegon, salah satu kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu menerjemah atau terjemahan tradisional Arab pegon yang menekankan pada penyampaian bahasa sasaran yaitu bahasa Jawa. Hal tersebut tentu saja menimbulkan beberapa problem bagi santri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan problematika pembelajaran nahwu menggunakan metode klasik Arab pegon dalam pembelajaran nahwu di era modern di pondok pesantren Mahaduttholabah Tegal, serta untuk mengetahui kelemahan dan kelebihannya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan metode penelitian berupa metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan, mendeskripsikan, dan menginterpretasikan selama kajian berlangsung. Adapun hasil problematika yang ditemukan peneliti diantaranya problematika linguistik dan non linguistik. 1) Problematika linguistik mencakup, problem fonologi, problem morfologis, problem kosakata, dan problem restrukturisasi dan 2) Problematika non linguistik mencakup kurangnya penguasaan bahasa sasaran dengan baik, lemahnya kemampuan santri dalam menulis pegon, dan problem pemahaman isi teks secara utuh.
This study aims to explore the implementation process of religious moderation carried out by the High School Laboratory of the Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia through its learning process. As an open educational institution, this school accepts students from various backgrounds, including the term of their religion. Encountering various ideologies in one learning platform is predicted to trigger tensions between religious adherents. But in fact, this school laboratory can minimize those potential tensions through various approaches. Based on an ethnographic approach, wherein the data gathered through intensive observation and in-depth interviews with several key informants, the results of this study reveal that the efforts made by school principals and teachers through strengthening the understanding of religious moderation concept, which is implemented into learning curricula and teaching models inside and outside of the school classroom, it turns out to be able to make students moderate and tolerant.
For college students, mastering foreign language such as English brings profitable for their career. Producing the language decently such as the ability of writing in English is one of the output in the language acquisition. In this study, non-English students in the end of their study were chosen as they’ve completed English courses. Moreover, the students were finishing their final project, definitely including the English abstract. Based on their learning experience, the writing process of English abstract showed indirectly their language ability. Regarding with, this study aims at finding whether the students have any learning progress during their study in the college. Additionally, not only the learners’ motivation but also their learning habit, their confidence, and the learning facility during learning English were questioned in this study. The students completing their final project at the certain time were interviewed towards their learning language habits particularly in writing. The data collected were transcribed, analyzed and interpreted qualitatively. The results show that 77.3% of the students felt they have more progress during the target language instruction. Furthermore, 50% of the students believe in stating English on text though they confessed they (68.2%) have lack of English practicing at home. The students’ positive attitudes presented due to their motivation in learning the language. The findings also indicated that all students (100%) believed that their teacher or lecturer motivates them to practicing writing English.
Kimura Patar Tamba, Meiva Marthaulina Lestari Siahaan, Oce Datu Appulembang
The measure of the center is an essential topic in statistics. Pre-service mathematics teachers must have the ability to select and use measures of center. The inability to use and select appropriate center measures indicates a low understanding of center measures. Meanwhile, research on the ability to use and select the center's appropriate measures is very limited. This study explores the sources of error for pre-service mathematics teachers in using and selecting the appropriate measures of center. This study involved 177 pre-service mathematics teachers. This research is a qualitative study using the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected using a test containing two problems and clinical interviews. Data were analyzed qualitatively using grouping participant responses based on ways of thinking and ways of understanding to use and select center measures. The results showed that pre-service mathematics teachers could not select an appropriate measure of centers because they were too focused on measures of centers while ignoring the variance. In order to be able to select an appropriate measure of centers because variance must be considered simultaneously. The implication of this study results is the need for a learning approach that introduces concurrent measures of centers with data variance.
AbstrakPendidikan pada hakikatnya adalah usaha sadar dan terencana untuk mewujudkansuasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkanpotensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri,kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinyamasyarakat, bangsa dan negara. Pendidikan nasional adalah pendidikan yang berdasarkanPancasila dan UUD 1945 yang berakar pada nilai-nilai agama, kebudayaan nasionalIndonesia, dan tanggap terhadap perubahan zaman. Fungsi dan tujuan pendidikan nasionaltercantum dalam UU No. 20 tahun 2003 bab II pasal 3.Keunggulan suatu bangsa tidak lagi bertumpu pada kekayaan alam, melainkan padakeunggulan sumber daya manusia, yaitu tenaga terdidik yang mampu menjawab tantangantantangan yang sangat cepat. Kenyataan ini sudah lebih dari cukup untuk mendorong pakardan praktisi pendidikan melakukan kajian sistematik untuk membenahi atau memperbaikisistem pendidikan nasional. Agar lulusan sekolah mampu beradaptasi secara dinamisdengan perubahan dan tantangan itu, pemerintah melontarkan berbagai kebijakan tentangpendidikan yang memberikan ruang yang luas bagi sekolah dan masyarakat untukmenentukan program dan rencana pengembangan sendiri sesuai dengan kebutuhan dankondisi masing-masing.Pendidikan menduduki posisi sentral dalam pembangunan karena sasarannyaadalah peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Oleh karena itu, pendidikan jugamerupakan alur tengah pembangunan dari seluruh sektor pembangunan. Pendidikan diIndonesia merupakan pendidikan yang diselenggarakan di Indonesia, baik terstrukturmaupun tidak terstruktur. Pendidikan dapat diperoleh melalui pendidikan formal,pendidikan informal dan pendidikan nonformal. Ki Hajar Dewantara menyebutnya sebagaiTri Pusat Pendidikan yang terdiri dari pendidikan informal (keluarga), pendidikan formal(sekolah) dan pendidikan nonformal (masyarakat).1 Diperlukan kerja sama yang baik danberkelanjutan antara ketiga pihak tersebut dalam mencapai tujuan pendidikan yangmenghendaki tercapainya kehidupan anak-anak bangsa yang cerdas, berkarakter, kreatif,inovatif dan mempunyai konsep disiplin diri.Keberhasilan suatu proses pendidikan tidak terlepas dari peran pendidik. Pendidikmenduduki posisi penting sebagai sutradara yang merencanakan, mengatur dan mengendalikan jalannya proses pendidikan. Semboyan Ki Hajar Dewantaramenggambarkan betapa pentingnya posisi pendidikyaitu Ing Ngarso Sung Tulodo, IngMadyo Mangun Karso, Tut Wuri Handayani. Semboyan ini memiliki arti bahwa setiappendidik harus bisa menjadi contoh dan panutan bagi anak didiknya.
Rifka Fani Syuhada, Iskandar Abdul Samad, Kismullah Abdul Muthalib
The educational advertisements are displayed in various media: printed or electronic media. The advertisements are set in many types, forms, and styles of the language used to persuade customers. However, they have not been clearly investigated yet until there are no certain determinates to these cases, especially, the language styles use. This research aims to describe the styles of language in the educational advertisement of The Jakarta Post newspaper published from May 2018 to August 2019. The theory used in this study was put forward by Moriarty, Mitchell, and Wells (2012). This research used a descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that there were three language styles from twenty-four advertisements that appeared in the educational advertisement on The Jakarta Post newspaper. These were hard-sell style, straightforward style, and the combination of hard-sell and straightforward. However, the most dominant language style appearing in the educational advertisement of The Jakarta Post newspaper in May 2018 to August 2019 edition was a hard-sell style because the language style of this advertisement provided detailed information in which it is very often used in displayed advertisements.
Muhammad Erfan, Mohammad Archi Maulyda, Vivi Rachmatul Hidayati
et al.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil perbandingan analisis kualitas soal kemampuan membedakan rangkaian seri dan rangkaian paralel melalui pendekatan teori tes klasik dan model Rasch dilihat dari aspek validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran soal, serta daya pembeda soal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan proses pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2020. Data diperoleh melalui metode dokumentasi berupa 40 butir soal pilihan ganda dengan dua opsi jawaban dan diujikan kepada 195 orang mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Mataram. Data dianalisis dengan pendekatan teori tes klasik menggunakan SPSS 18.0 dan model Rasch dengan software Winstep. Kualitas soal dari aspek validitas dengan pendekatan teori tes klasik diperoleh 30 soal yang dikategorikan valid dan 10 soal dianggap tidak valid sedangkan dengan model Rasch diperoleh 5 soal kategorikan valid dan 35 soal dikategorikan tidak valid. Nilai reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha (KR-20) soal tes melalui pendekatan teori tes klasik adalah 0,470 (buruk) dan nilai reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha (KR-20) pada model Rasch adalah 0,640 (cukup) dengan nilai Person Reliability sebesar 0,60 (lemah) dan Item Reliability sebesar 0,97 (istimewa). Rata-rata indeks tingkat kesukaran soal pada pendekatan teori tes klasik adalah 0,631 dengan kategori sedang, sedangkan hasil analisis tingkat kesukaran berdasarkan model Rasch menunjukkan terdapat empat kategori tingkat kesulitan butir soal yaitu 7 soal yang termasuk sangat mudah, 13 soal mudah, 15 soal sulit, serta 5 soal sangat sulit. Daya pembeda butir soal dengan pendekatan teori tes klasik berada pada kategori buruk (20 item), kategori cukup 19 butir soal, serta 1 item dengan kategori baik. Daya pembeda butir soal dari pemodelan Rasch diperoleh 8 (delapan) kelompok butir soal yang didasarkan pada indeks separasi butir soal (H=8,28).