Omar Bin Samin, Nasir Ahmed Abdulkhader Algeelani, Ammar Bathich
et al.
The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into modern agriculture has profound implications on data collection, management, and decision-making processes. However, ensuring the security of agricultural data has consistently posed a significant challenge. This study presents a novel evaluation metric titled Latency Aware Accuracy Index (LAAI) for the purpose of optimizing data security in the agricultural sector. The LAAI uses the combined capacities of the IoT and AI in addition to the latency aspect. The use of IoT tools for data collection and AI algorithms for analysis makes farming operation more productive. The LAAI metric is a more holistic way to determine data accuracy while considering latency limitations. This ensures that farmers and other end-users are fed trustworthy information in a timely manner. This unified measure not only makes the data more secure but gives farmers the information that helps them to make smart decisions and, thus, drives healthier farming and food security.
Thomas Winterbottom, Sarah Xiao, Alistair McLean
et al.
Bilinear pooling (BLP) refers to a family of operations recently developed for fusing features from different modalities predominantly for visual question answering (VQA) models. Successive BLP techniques have yielded higher performance with lower computational expense, yet at the same time they have drifted further from the original motivational justification of bilinear models, instead becoming empirically motivated by task performance. Furthermore, despite significant success in text-image fusion in VQA, BLP has not yet gained such notoriety in video question answering (video-QA). Though BLP methods have continued to perform well on video tasks when fusing vision and non-textual features, BLP has recently been overshadowed by other vision and textual feature fusion techniques in video-QA. We aim to add a new perspective to the empirical and motivational drift in BLP. We take a step back and discuss the motivational origins of BLP, highlighting the often-overlooked parallels to neurological theories (Dual Coding Theory and The Two-Stream Model of Vision). We seek to carefully and experimentally ascertain the empirical strengths and limitations of BLP as a multimodal text-vision fusion technique in video-QA using two models (TVQA baseline and heterogeneous-memory-enchanced ‘HME’ model) and four datasets (TVQA, TGif-QA, MSVD-QA, and EgoVQA). We examine the impact of both simply replacing feature concatenation in the existing models with BLP, and a modified version of the TVQA baseline to accommodate BLP that we name the ‘dual-stream’ model. We find that our relatively simple integration of BLP does not increase, and mostly harms, performance on these video-QA benchmarks. Using our insights on recent work in BLP for video-QA results and recently proposed theoretical multimodal fusion taxonomies, we offer insight into why BLP-driven performance gain for video-QA benchmarks may be more difficult to achieve than in earlier VQA models. We share our perspective on, and suggest solutions for, the key issues we identify with BLP techniques for multimodal fusion in video-QA. We look beyond the empirical justification of BLP techniques and propose both alternatives and improvements to multimodal fusion by drawing neurological inspiration from Dual Coding Theory and the Two-Stream Model of Vision. We qualitatively highlight the potential for neurological inspirations in video-QA by identifying the relative abundance of psycholinguistically ‘concrete’ words in the vocabularies for each of the text components ( e.g., questions and answers) of the four video-QA datasets we experiment with.
Проведен геометрический и топологический анализ металлооксида с минимальным известным содержанием кислорода CsO, образующегося из кислородсодержащего расплава металлического Cs. Для определения кластеров-прекурсоров кристаллических структур использованы специальные алгоритмы разложения структурных графов на кластерные субструктуры (пакет программ ToposPro). Определены участвующие в самосборке кристаллических структур кластеры-прекурсоры: трехоктаэдрические кластеры CsO, октаэдрические кластеры Cs, тетраэдрические кластеры Cs. Реконструированы симметрийный и топологический коды процессов самосборки кристаллических структур из кластеров-прекурсоров в виде: первичная цепь микрослой микрокаркас.
Abstract Introduction and Objective: Data from long term follow up of BRCA1/2 carriers is scarce and is mainly related to BRCA1 women. Our multidisciplinary program targets both women and men for counselling towards BRCA1/2 screening and inclusion in clinical follow up. In here we review all cancer diagnoses observed in our BRCA1/2 cohort during follow up. Methods: Review of individual records of BRCA1/2 carriers registered from January 2000 to December 2010. Follow up was calculated since BRCA1/2 post-test counselling until the last visit to the Clinic. All new cancer diagnoses and preventive surgeries were registered. Results: Two-hundred and fifty nine BRCA1/2 carriers (206 females and 53 males) were diagnosed with BRCA1/2 mutations (42 BRCA1 and 217 BRCA2). Medium follow up for all population is 25 months (1-98). At the date of initial BRCA1/2 diagnosis 99 women and 14 men were CS. Female population: Eighty-eight female CS had been previously diagnosed with breast cancer (18 bilateral cases), 18 with ovarian cancer, and 1 with biliary tract cancer. Preventive surgeries in the CS female population were: bilateral adnexectomy (33 pts) and prophylactic contralateral mastectomy (10 pts). In this CS female population, new cancers, during follow up were: Contralateral breast cancer (4 cases), peritoneal cancer (2 cases in pts with previous prophylactic surgery) and skin non-melanoma cancers (2 cases). In female HTR, 23 preventive bilateral adnexectomies and 20 bilateral mastectomies were performed. Cancer diagnoses during follow up were: breast (11), peritoneum (1 in a pt with previous prophylactic surgery), gastric (1) and M3 leukemia (1). Global failure of prophylactic adnexectomy, so far (CS+HTR): 3/56 (5%). Male population: The medium age for male CS is 73 yrs and for male HTR is 52 yrs. Male CS had mostly been previously diagnosed with BC (12; 4 bilateral) and prostate cancer (4). Other previous cancers: gastric (2), skin (2: 1Melanoma, 1 non-Melanoma), colorectal (1). One BRCA2 man with gynecomastia and prostate cancer was submitted to reduction mastectomy, as a preventive surgery. During follow up, we diagnosed second and third cancers in male CS: breast (2), prostate (6) and gastric (1). Only 1 male HTR was diagnosed with cancer: skin non-melanoma. Conclusion: The proportion of second and third cancer diagnoses in the male BRCA2 CS population is higher than in the female BRCA1/2 CS population. Small numbers and the availability of preventive surgery for women influence this observation. No data from preventive mastectomy exists for males (we have one case). The low frequency of cancer in male HTR may be due to younger age and other unknown modifier factors. Longer follow is needed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-11.
The Cs content of GaAs(Cs) and GaAs(Cs–O) photocathodes was determined by direct chemical analysis. The surface films were found to be of monolayer dimension. From this result, it is concluded that the effect of these films on electron emission is probably not associated with the bulk properties of cesium oxide.
A. L. M. Zanelatto, E. M. S. Ribeiro, R. d. J. Napolitano
We present triplet and singlet scattering lengths for X–Cs133 collisions (X=Li6,7, Na23, K39,40,41, and Rb85,87). We consider the short-range potential-energy curves based on high-quality ab initio calculations and the long-range potential described by accurate dispersion coefficients available in the literature. Using a Fermi function to smoothly connect the short- and long-range terms we construct the potential for all R and evaluate the scattering length for each mixed species X–Cs. In particular, we predict that the cross section for inelastic processes between Na23 and Cs133 and between K40 and Cs133 will be small as compared with the respective elastic cross sections.