Hasil untuk "Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering"

PENG Heng, DONG Minghui, ZHANG Maoqi, BAI Mingxian, GUO Jianwei

Sealing is a core factor for the safe operation of high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells(PEMECs).To investigate the corrosion behavior of sealing polymer materials，two experimental methods were established: an accelerated high-temperature evaluation(100 ℃ acidic environment with H2 or O2 for 100 h) and a long-term high-pressure evaluation(80 ℃ acidic environment with 6－7 MPa H2 or O2 for 1 000 h)，to evaluate the corrosion behavior of five sealing polymer materials.Results showed that ethylene-propylene-diene monomer(EPDM) and fluoroelastomer(FKM) had chemical degradation and localized corrosion.In contrast，polyimide(PI)，polyetheretherketone(PEEK) and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) had low corrosion rates and showed uniform corrosion characteristics.Specifically，PTFE showed excellent corrosion resistance，and its composite structure may help address corrosion and assembly issues in high-pressure PEMEC systems.

Junchao Yang, Ziyang Peng

Countries worldwide are increasingly focused on addressing the imbalance between the supply and demand for EV charging infrastructure, with the community-shared charging post (CSCP) co-construction project emerging as a promising solution. The broad participation and investment support of the residents are the keys to the success of the CSCP co-construction project. This study, grounded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) from social psychology, incorporated factors such as community identity, perceived green value, economic benefit, uncivil behaviors, and perceived risk to construct a structural model explaining community residents’ intention to invest in the CSCP co-construction project. This research confirmed that (1) 85.73% of respondents expressed strong recognition of the CSCP co-construction project, with a mean recognition score of 5.56 out of a possible 7; (2) an individual’s social-related perceptions, including the subjective norms and community identity are the strongest determinant of the intention to invest in the CSCP co-construction project; (3) the willingness to invest in CSCP co-construction project differs significantly between the EV group and the non-EV group. Economic benefit was significant only for the non-EV group, while uncivil behaviors were significant only for the EV group. These results provide valuable guidelines for governments and corporations that are promoting or pursuing sharing community for the residents.

Aleksanteri Hamalainen, Aku Karhinen, Jesse Miettinen et al.

Rotating machines are extremely common in many industries, and their maintenance involves substantial costs and labor. Most recent studies aiming to automate fault diagnosis have focused on deep learning, but industry adoption has been slow owing to the lack of well-curated datasets and the complexity of the methods. We propose a new method called Rapid Few-shot Condition Monitoring (Rapid-FSCM), which enables the rapid deployment of deep learning-based condition monitoring models and is readily extensible to future advancements in the field. This will make it simpler for the industry to conduct machine condition monitoring without the cost of an expert. Rapid-FSCM utilizes few-shot learning and the InceptionTime convolutional neural network to enable training on data from a related base domain more readily available than data from the target domain. In addition, the prototypical networks method for few-shot learning is modified to enable the deployment of the model as an anomaly detector, even before any fault samples have been recorded. After faults have occurred and been recorded, the model demonstrates the ability to initiate fault diagnosis without further retraining. Validated with three datasets, two gear datasets from a test bench with complex features, and the CWRU bearing dataset, the model was shown to have high accuracy in target domains containing unseen faults, sensors, operating conditions, and even entirely new components. The developed method can be used to rapidly deploy a condition monitoring model for any rotating machine without the need to first conduct a large data acquisition process.

D. Kavitha, M. Siva Ramkumar, A. M et al.

Design thinking is a useful technique in many technical domains since it is a novel methodology that emphasizes comprehending and meeting customer demands. Using design thinking in electrical engineering provides a fresh approach to creating user-focused solutions in a field where technological complexity is constantly changing. In order to foster creativity and useful problem-solving, this study explores how applying design thinking concepts might transform electrical engineering's conventional procedures. Engineers may produce more efficient and user-friendly designs by utilizing crucial phases like empathy, problem identification, ideation, prototyping, and iterative testing. In order to demonstrate how this strategy results in more flexible and sustainable solutions, the discussion cites particular instances, such as developments in consumer electronics, electric power systems, and renewable energy. The study also emphasizes how teamwork and ongoing iteration foster creativity while maintaining designs' alignment with user requirements and societal impact.

C. Haba

Electrical Engineering education is entering a transformative era characterized by rapid technological evolution and the increasing convergence of disciplines such as artificial intelligence, renewable energy systems, embedded computing, and the Internet of Things. These developments necessitate a reconfiguration of educational paradigms to emphasize adaptive learning, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the cultivation of innovation-oriented competencies. The latest trends point toward the integration of digital pedagogies, simulation-based learning, and outcome-driven curricula designed to prepare engineers for an environment of constant technological renewal. Within this shifting landscape, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) plays a key role in advancing educational quality and professional development. Through its digital libraries, peer-reviewed journals, online courses, standards development, student programs, and community-driven initiatives, IEEE provides a comprehensive framework that supports lifelong learning and promotes global standards of engineering practice. Platforms such as IEEE Xplore, the IEEE Learning Network, and various specialized societies offer access to authoritative knowledge, fostering both academic inquiry and industry relevance.

Jayesh N. Patil, P. S. Patil, Ashvini S. Kolate et al.

The rapid electrification of the automotive industry demands continual advancements in electric vehicle (EV) powertrain technology. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of recent innovations in electrical engineering that are reshaping EV powertrains, focusing on electric motors, power electronics, energy storage, and thermal management systems. Key developments include AI-driven control strategies enhancing motor performance, the adoption of wide bandgap semiconductors such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) for more efficient power conversion, breakthroughs in solid-state battery technology, and novel thermal management approaches using phase change materials and AI optimization. The paper also discusses modular powertrain architectures and highlights industry advances such as next-generation heat pump systems. Collectively, these innovations contribute to improving EV efficiency, range, and reliability, thereby accelerating the transition toward sustainable transportation.

E. Sosnina, R. Bedretdinov, A. Ivanov

The article is devoted to the development of the Design system concept of Smart Grid electrical engineering complexes (EEC). The centrally distributed nature of the Smart Grid, which has the properties of the cyberphysical system, requires new approaches to the design of its elements. FACTS devices based on power electronics, integrated into the Smart Grid, and plant based on renewable energy sources connected through a semiconductor inverter generate current and voltage higher harmonic components into the network. Therefore, a more detailed analysis of the electrical energy quality is required when designing a Smart Grid EEC. Authors' methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the degree of non-sinusoidal current and voltage in the network caused by FACTS devices is briefly described. Authors proposed using a Design system for automated selection of the optimal technical solution for the EEC at the stage of developing a draft design of the Smart Grid EEC. The definition of the Design system is given. The difference between the Design system and the computer-aided design is shown. The structure of the Smart Grid EEC Design system is given. The main criteria for choosing the optimal Smart Grid technical solution are considered: economic, electrical energy quality, reliability and loss minimization. The relationship between the criteria for finding the optimal solution and the factors influencing the choice of an option is shown.

Xin Mu, Shuai Liu, Meiqin Liang et al.

In order to fully leverage the capabilities of adaptive electrical discharge machining (EDM) and address the conflict between machining stability and machining efficiency, a power electronics-driven intelligent adaptive EDM system is proposed. Based on “perceived” discharge pulse signals in the gap between the electrode and the workpiece, the system integrates power electronic parameter detection and computer-aided signal processing to compute machining environment and state indices through a “cognitive process”. A power electronics-optimized control framework is designed to define desired machining state expectations, balancing efficiency and stability via real-time adjustment of EDM power supply parameters and electrode servo dynamics. Two cascaded adaptive control loops are adopted: one for generating control behavior guidelines and the other for optimizing power electronic drive and servo control behavior. Experimental results indicate that the system significantly enhances machining capabilities, enabling stable and rapid machining of nuclear industry-grade molybdenum-titaniumzirconium alloys. Traditional electrical discharge machining cannot process this type of alloy. The integration of power electronic drive optimization and digital control technology promotes the development of EDM towards high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption electrical manufacturing, demonstrating profound implications for advancing electronic power and intelligent manufacturing technologies.

Md Mosleuzzaman, Md Delwar Hussain, H. M. Shamsuzzaman et al.

The electrification of vehicles is reshaping transportation, with electric vehicle (EV) powertrain design playing a key role in this shift. This review focuses on recent innovations in electrical engineering that have enhanced EV powertrains, particularly in areas like electric motors, power electronics, energy storage, and thermal management. Advances in motor technology, such as permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), and the integration of silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductors have improved efficiency and reduced heat generation. Battery innovations, including solid-state technologies and advanced battery management systems, along with regenerative braking, have extended EV range and efficiency. Power electronics, including inverters and onboard chargers, now utilize wide-bandgap semiconductors to minimize energy losses and improve thermal performance. Additionally, novel cooling solutions are addressing thermal challenges in EV systems. Looking forward, modular powertrain architectures and AI-driven control strategies offer promising advancements for various vehicle types. This review provides an overview of how electrical engineering innovations are driving the future of EV powertrain design and sustainable transportation.

M. Khin, S. Nopparatjamjomras, Ratchapak Chittaree et al.

ABSTRACT A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) and its operation are fundamental concepts for the understanding of power electronics (industrial electronics), transistor-transistor logic (TTL), electronic switching, and signal amplification in modern electronics. Previous research showed that non-major engineering, computer, electronic, and electrical engineering students could not understand the basic concepts involved in a BJT. This paper describes the development of a two-tier diagnostic test, the test’s administration, limitations, the participants’ detailed context, and findings from a study that explores Myanmar and Thai second-year undergraduate students’ understanding of BJT working principles and applications. The results revealed that many students in both countries had the same alternative conceptions about collector current in each operation mode of the BJT. Some alternative conceptions differ from the previous research, such as a) the collector current does not depend on the base current in cut-off mode, and b) changing the collector current does not depend on the base current in active mode, but it depends on the collector supply voltage. These research findings provide valuable information and instruments for teachers to insight, prevent, and correct the alternative conceptions proposed by students.

Wonjun Shin, Ji Ye Lee, Jangsaeng Kim et al.

Abstract The need for understanding the low-frequency noise (LFN) of metal oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFTs) is increasing owing to the substantial effects of LFN in various circuit applications. A focal point of inquiry pertains to the examination of LFN amidst bias stress conditions, known to compromise TFT reliability. In this study, we investigate the effects of hot carrier stress (HCS) on zinc tin oxide (ZTO) TFTs by low-frequency noise (LFN) analysis. Asymmetric damage caused by HCS is analyzed by measuring the power spectral density at the source and drain sides. The excess noise generated by the HCS is analyzed with consideration of trap density of states (DOS). It is revealed that the needle defects are generated during the HCS, significantly affecting the LFN characteristics of the ZTO TFTs. Additionally, we observe a self-recovery behavior in the devices and demonstrate the relevant changes in the LFN characteristics following this phenomenon. This study provides valuable insights into the LFN characteristics of ZTO TFTs under HCS conditions and sheds light on the underlying mechanisms.

Khamruddin Syed, V. M., Rohit Kandakatla et al.

Abstract— Recently, the multidisciplinary engineering education has been growing rapidly reflecting current technological concern. Engineering graduates from cross domains like mechanical engineering, computer science and engineering, electronics engineering in current market are in great demand. The National Education Policy NEP-2020 supports learning from multidiscipline in developing curriculum which is integrated and flexible in various learning environments. The goal of the multidisciplinary approach is to produce new age engineers who can become changemakers in dynamically changing industry. One such industry emerging rapidly in recent decades is the Electric Vehicles (EV). Students in the third year of undergraduate engineering from multiple disciplines take up an open elective on Electric Vehicles (EV) as a part of their curriculum. Multidisciplinary learning is essential for engineering students since sustainable transportation with EVs necessitates a thorough understanding across several engineering domains. Students from different educational backgrounds frequently encounter difficulties due to the lack of disciplinary knowledge as the EV course is multidisciplinary. To address all these issues, the study in this paper proposes a conceptual framework for designing an Electric Vehicle (EV) course by integrating with Problem-Based Learning (PBL). To provide the students with the multidisciplinary learning experience we present this paper as a case-study on how the engineering courses can be integrated with PBL. Keywords — Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Electric Vehicles, Multidisciplinary Learning, Collaborative Learning, Learning Theories

Dengke Huang

: With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data technology, the field of electrical engineering is undergoing profound changes. Based on the development trend and application status of electrical engineering in artificial intelligence and big data environment, this paper analyzes its influence on the development of traditional electrical engineering, its application in power system, power electronics, motor and electrical apparatus, automatic control, signal and information processing are also discussed. It will also focus on the challenges and opportunities faced by big data and artificial intelligence technology in electrical engineering applications, and look forward to the future development direction.

Nurul Wahidah Arshad, Mohd Shafie Bakar, Nurulfadzilah Hasan et al.

TThis study investigates the efficacy of using ClassPoint in improving student engagement during class and its impact on academic performance among electrical and electronics engineering students by using student engagement framework that established by technology-enhanced learning (TEL) environment microsystem. To achieve this objective, five instructors teaching various courses incorporated ClassPoint into their classes. Then, quantitative data on student engagement and academic performance were collected via surveys. The student’s comments are extracted from university teaching evaluation survey (EPAT) for thematic analysis. The descriptive analysis revealed a significant increase in student engagement after ClassPoint was implemented. Furthermore, students appreciated the use of ClassPoint features such as slide-drawing, multiple choice questions, and word clouds during classes. Survey results also show students have greater attentiveness, active participation, and improved interactions with their peers and instructors. Likert scale responses indicate positive correlation between the use of ClassPoint and students’ enhanced performance in class discussions, idea integration, increased interest in learning, and improved classroom dynamics. Moreover, thematic analysis shows the empowering of five element in TEL microsystem with ClassPoint increase the student engagement. This study highlights ClassPoint's effectiveness in creating an inclusive and interactive learning environment, thus, transforming teaching methods for electrical and electronics engineering students.

Jiaquan Li, Kai Wang, Yijiao Jiang et al.

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) composed of atomically dispersed metal‐active sites embedded in supporting substrates are attracting increasing attention in liquid‐phase selective oxidation reactions with joint merits of both advanced catalytic efficiency and high stability. Co‐based SACs present superior performance in several model oxidative reactions against many other metals, thus they are recognized as a promising solution to the current high‐cost noble‐metal catalysts required for the synthesis of fine chemicals. In this review, the up‐to‐date research on the synthesized Co–SACs in selective oxidation applications is summarized. The strategies of the preparation of Co–SACs with diverse Co‐loading levels and well‐tuned morphologies and chemical structures are showcased, as well as the characterization techniques of the SACs. The applications of Co–SACs in a series of selective oxidation reactions and the influence of different oxidants on the overall reaction efficiency are discussed. In addition, the progress of the mechanism exploration involving active‐site identification, catalytic activation of oxidants, and oxidation pathway elucidation is highlighted. Meanwhile, the existing challenges and the future efforts for the development of the Co–SAC reaction system in selective oxidation processes are outlined.

Zhen Zhang, Kenan Shi, Pan Ge et al.

This paper proposes a kinesthetic–tactile fusion feedback system based on virtual interaction. Combining the results of human fingertip deformation characteristics analysis and an upper limb motion mechanism, a fingertip tactile feedback device and an arm kinesthetic feedback device are designed and analyzed for blind instructors. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, virtual touch experiments are established through the mapping relationship between the master–slave and virtual end. The results showed that the average recognition rate of virtual objects is 79.58%, and the recognition speed is improved by 41.9% compared with the one without force feedback, indicating that the kinesthetic–tactile feedback device can provide more haptic perception information in virtual feedback and improve the recognition rate of haptic perception.

Feng‐Chang Gu

Abstract Partial discharge (PD) detection is used to evaluate the insulation status of high‐voltage equipment. The most challenging aspect of traditional PD recognition is extracting features from the discharge signal. Accordingly, this study applied the visual geometry group‐19 (VGG‐19) model to gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) PD image recognition. A high frequency current transformer and an LDP‐5 inductive sensor measured PD electrical signals emitted by 15‐kV GIS. Next, the Hilbert energy spectrum was obtained by Hilbert transform in the time and frequency domains. Compared with a phase‐resolved PD pattern, the Hilbert spectrum can represent the energy and instantaneous frequency with the time variable. Finally, the VGG‐19 model was applied for PD pattern recognition. For validation, its recognition performance was compared with that of a fractal theory by using a neural network method. The VGG‐19 method is straightforward and has a high PD recognition rate, thereby enabling equipment manufacturers to quickly verify the insulation of GIS during assembly or operation.

General Chair Norlida Buniyamin, N. K. Madzhi, Nurfadzilah Binti et al.

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ZHANG Yi, YANG Qiang, YANG Lin et al.

Combined with the high pressure and high temperature working condition and the characteristics of tooth and sliding ring combined seal, the mathematical model of the rotating slip ring type combined seal is established based on the theory of thermoelastic hydrodynamic lubrication. Furthermore, the elastic deformation of the tooth and sliding ring combined seal under the action of oil film pressure is obtained by the matrix method of deformation influence coefficient based on the theory of small deformation. Combined with the hydrodynamic lubrication equation, the temperature field energy equation and the viscosity temperature equation, the finite difference method is used to solve the thermoelastic flow pressure lubrication model. The oil film thickness distribution and oil film pressure distribution in the working process of the combined seal ring of the toothed slip ring are calculated by MATLAB. The results show that the roughness of the ring has a significant effect on the sealing performance. The film pressure increases first and then decreases in the axial direction, and fluctuates in the stable range in the circumferential direction.Moreover, the oil film thickness and pressure of the sealing ring decrease with the increase of the ambient temperature.