Non-survey methods have been developed and applied for estimating regional input-output tables. However, there is an ongoing debate about the assumptions necessary for these methods and their accuracy. To address these issues, this study presents a deep learning method for estimating regional input-output tables. First, the quantitative economic data for regions is augmented by linear combinations. Then, deep learning is performed on each item in the input-output table, treating these items as target variables. Finally, regional input-output tables are estimated through matrix balancing to the predicted values from the trained model. The estimation accuracy of this method is verified using the 2015 input-output table for Japan as a benchmark. Compared to matrix balancing under the ideal assumption of known row and column sums, our method generally demonstrates higher estimation accuracy. Thus, this method is anticipated to provide a foundation for deriving more precise estimates of regional input-output tables.
This research seeks to thoroughly examine the factors influencing the financial performance of firms listed on the SRI-KEHATI index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023. This study employs a quantitative methodology utilizing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique to examine the impact of corporate governance mechanisms (specifically the presence of an audit committee and independent commissioners), profitability, corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure, and debt policy on financial performance of companies. The sample was chosen by purposive sampling to guarantee that the examined data aligned with the study's aims. The findings demonstrate that profitability, CSR disclosure, and debt policy have a favorable and substantial influence on firm financial performance. The presence of an audit committee has a substantial detrimental effect, while independent commissioners do not substantially influence financial performance. These results underscore the significance of agency theory, emphasizing the critical role of oversight measures and external openness in mitigating conflicts of interest between management and shareholders. In the realm of sustainability, these findings underscore the perspective that effective corporate governance and the incorporation of CSR initiatives transcend mere normative responsibilities. These techniques provide long-term methods for generating sustained economic benefit when executed correctly. This study's practical implications urge organizations to enhance internal supervision and strategically manage debt and CSR policies to foster responsibility and sustainably improve financial performance.
Analysis, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
Enterprises often own large collections of structured data in the form of large databases or an enterprise data lake. Such data collections come with limited metadata and strict access policies that could limit access to the data contents and, therefore, limit the application of classic retrieval and analysis solutions. As a result, there is a need for solutions that can effectively utilize the available metadata. In this paper, we study the problem of matching table metadata to a business glossary containing data labels and descriptions. The resulting matching enables the use of an available or curated business glossary for retrieval and analysis without or before requesting access to the data contents. One solution to this problem is to use manually-defined rules or similarity measures on column names and glossary descriptions (or their vector embeddings) to find the closest match. However, such approaches need to be tuned through manual labeling and cannot handle many business glossaries that contain a combination of simple as well as complex and long descriptions. In this work, we leverage the power of large language models (LLMs) to design generic matching methods that do not require manual tuning and can identify complex relations between column names and glossaries. We propose methods that utilize LLMs in two ways: a) by generating additional context for column names that can aid with matching b) by using LLMs to directly infer if there is a relation between column names and glossary descriptions. Our preliminary experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
It is nowadays common to consider that proof must be part of the learning of mathematics from Kindergarten to University1. As it is easy to observe, looking back to the history of mathematical curricula, this has not always been the case either because following an old pedagogical tradition of rote learning proof was reduced to the formalism of a text and deprived from its meaning or, despiteits acknowledged presence anywhere in mathematics, proof did not get the status of something to learn for what it is. On the long way from its absence as such in the past to its contemporary presence as a content to be taught at all grades, proof has had to go through a process of didactical transposition to satisfy a number of different constraints either of an epistemic, didactical, logical ormathematical nature. I will follow a chronological order to outline the main features of this process with the objective to better understand the didactical problem that our current research is facing.
This paper lays the foundation of the Theory of Arithmetic Teichmuller Spaces of Number Fields by explicitly constructing many arithmetically inequivalent avatars of a fixed number field. This paper also constructs a topological space of such avatars and describes its symmetries. Notably amongst these symmetries is a global Frobenius morphism which changes the avatar of the number field! The existence of such avatars has been suggested and used by Shinichi Mochizuki in his work on the arithmetic Vojta and Szpiro conjectures. Important to the global aspect of this theory is the fact that the product formula for a number field defines an arithmetic period mapping (Section 5.9). The key advantage of my approach is that one can quantify the difference between two inequivalent avatars and this renders my theory fundamentally and quantitatively more precise than Mochizuki's approach. In the appendix, I provide a discussion of the proofs of the geometric Szpiro Conjectures due to [Bogomolov et. al. 2000] and [Zhang 2001] from the point of view of this paper. I also discuss applications of my theory to the theory of arithmetic loops and arithmetic knots.
Nathalie Vermeulen, Daniel Espinosa, Adam Ball
et al.
In its 60 years of existence, the field of nonlinear optics has gained momentum especially over the past two decades thanks to major breakthroughs in material science and technology. In this article, we present a new set of data tables listing nonlinear-optical properties for different material categories as reported in the literature since 2000. The papers included in the data tables are representative experimental works on bulk materials, solvents, 0D-1D-2D materials, metamaterials, fiber waveguiding materials, on-chip waveguiding materials, hybrid waveguiding systems, and materials suitable for nonlinear optics at THz frequencies. In addition to the data tables, we also provide best practices for performing and reporting nonlinear-optical experiments. These best practices underpin the selection process that was used for including papers in the tables. While the tables indeed show strong advancements in the field over the past two decades, we encourage the nonlinear-optics community to implement the identified best practices in future works. This will allow a more adequate comparison, interpretation and use of the published parameters, and as such further stimulate the overall progress in nonlinear-optical science and applications.
Salleh, Mohd Zaini, Rahman, Azrul Azlan Abd, Baker, Rogis
et al.
In a decision-making environment related to risk, there are four basic circumstances, namely certainty, risk, uncertainty and conflict. The dynamics of the strategic environment in Southeast Asia cannot be separated from the movement of the development of the Islamic State (IS). The terror threat in Southeast Asia is currently divided into different generations of terror, namely the threat of the Al-Qaeda terror network and the threat of the ISIS terror network. This study aims to analyze and identify the risk value of the development of the Islamic State network in Southeast Asia using the Borda and TOPSIS methods. The Borda method is used to give weight to the criteria related to risk analysis. The TOPSIS method is used to provide a criteria-based risk score. This research is limited to the Southeast Asia region with 4 (four) major countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. This research is expected to contribute to control the development of Islamic state networks in the Southeast Asian region. Based on the results of the overall risk analysis, it was found that the Philippines has the highest risk factor value for Islamic State (IS) with a value of 0.550 at level 4 in the High category. Indonesia maintains a risk factor value of 0.307. Thailand has a risk factor value of 0.427. Indonesia and Thailand are at level 3 with the Medium category. Meanwhile, Malaysia has a risk factor value of 0.203 at level 2 in the Low category.
Analysis, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
This study aims to examine the effect of Empathetic Leadership on Job Performance with Job Innovation as an Intervening variable. This research is a type of quantitative research, data is collected using primary data and questionnaires to obtain information from respondents, namely middle managers who work in manufacturing companies in the provinces of DKI Jakarta, Banten and Answerarat. The analytical method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) Path Modeling with the SmartPLS 2.0 analysis tool. The result of this research is that Empathetic leadership has an effect on Job Innovation and Job Performance. Empathetic leadership affects Job Performance through Job Innovation.
Accounting. Bookkeeping, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
The classical platonist / formalist dilemma in philosophy of mathematics can be expressed in lay terms as a deceptively naive question: \emph{Is new mathematics discovered or invented? Using examples from my own mathematical work during the Coronavirus lockdown, I argue that there is also a third way: new mathematics can also be inherited. And entering into possession, making it your own, could be great fun.
We describe the mathematical theory of diffusion and heat transport with a view to including some of the main directions of recent research. The linear heat equation is the basic mathematical model that has been thoroughly studied in the last two centuries. It was followed by the theory of parabolic equations of different types. In a parallel development, the theory of stochastic differential equations gives a foundation to the probabilistic study of diffusion. Nonlinear diffusion equations have played an important role not only in theory but also in physics and engineering, and we focus on a relevant aspect, the existence and propagation of free boundaries. We use the porous medium and fast diffusion equations as case examples. A large part of the paper is devoted to diffusion driven by fractional Laplacian operators and other nonlocal integro-differential operators representing nonlocal, long-range diffusion effects. Three main models are examined (one linear, two nonlinear), and we report on recent progress in which the author is involved.
A major question in philosophy of science involves the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in physics. Why should mathematics, created or discovered, with nothing empirical in mind be so perfectly suited to describe the laws of the physical universe? We review the well-known fact that the symmetries of the laws of physics are their defining properties. We show that there are similar symmetries of mathematical facts and that these symmetries are the defining properties of mathematics. By examining the symmetries of physics and mathematics, we show that the effectiveness is actually quite reasonable. In essence, we show that the regularities of physics are a subset of the regularities of mathematics.
The article [14] gives a list of 51 symplectic hypergeometric monodromy groups corresponding to primitive pairs of degree four polynomials, which are products of cyclotomic polynomials, and for which, the absolute value of the leading coefficient of the difference polynomial is greater than 2. It follows from [12] and [14] that 12 of the 51 monodromy groups are arithmetic (cf. Table 1); and the thinness of 13 of the remaining 39 monodromy groups follows from [3] (cf. Table 2). In this article, we show that 15 of the remaining 26 monodromy groups are arithmetic (cf. Table 3).
In this note we recall the definition of the digital root, and apply the notion of the digital root to searching solutions of Diophantine equations. A table of arithmetic operations with digital roots is given. This method is incapable of obtaining complete solutions of equations, but it is frequently useful in determining whether this equation is solvable in integers or not. A minor extension of Fermat's little theorem is put forward.
Alexander A. Davydov, Giorgio Faina, Massimo Giulietti
et al.
Tables of the currently known parameters of symmetric configurations are given. Formulas for parameters of the known infinite families of symmetric configurations are presented as well. The results of the recent paper [18] are used. This work can be viewed as an appendix to [18], in the sense that the tables given here cover a much larger set of parameters.
Mantao Huang, Brian K. VanLeeuwen, Daniel B. Litvin
et al.
Tables of crystallographic properties of double antisymmetry space groups, including symmetry element diagrams, general position diagrams, and positions, with multiplicities, site symmetries, coordinates, spin and roto vectors are presented.
Late-Babylonian mathematics (450-100 BC), represented by some 60 cuneiform tablets from Babylon and Uruk, is incompletely known compared to its abundantly preserved, well-studied Old-Babylonian predecessor (1800-1600 BC). With the present paper, 16 fragments from Babylon, probably belonging to 13 different tablets, are added to this corpus. Two remarkable tablets represent a hitherto unknown class of very large factorization tables that can be adequately described as Babylonian examples of number crunching (Section I). In these tables a very large sexagesimal number representing a small factor (9 or 12) raised to a high power, or a product of such numbers, is repeatedly divided by its constituent factors (9 or 12), very likely until 1 is reached. In Text A the initial number is a 25-digit number equivalent to 9 to the power 46; in Text B it is a 30-digit number equivalent to 9 to the power 11 times 12 to the power 39 - the longest number attested in ancient Mesopotamia and, probably, in all antiquity. Most other fragments belong to tables with reciprocals (Section II) and squares (Section III). Finally, two fragments contain multiplications of one kind or another (Section IV).
This table is a compilation of experimental values of magnetic hyperfine anomaly in atomic and ionic systems. The last extensive compilation was published in 1984 by Buttgenbach (Hyperfine Interactions 20, (1984) p 1) and the aim here is to make an up to date compilation. The literature search covers the period to January 2011.