Hasil untuk "cond-mat.soft"

Hermansyah Alam, Anuar Mat Safar, Norizan Mohamed Nawawi et al.

This research presents a novel hybrid optimization framework combining artificial neural networks (ANN) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to mitigate the high peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) in asymmetrically clipped optical‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO‐OFDM) systems. While conventional PTS effectively reduces PAPR, it suffers from high computational complexity and suboptimal phase factor selection. We propose an ANN‐aided PSO (ANN‐PSO) mechanism where a lightweight feed‐forward neural network dynamically tunes the PSO inertia weight ( ω ) and acceleration coefficients ( c 1 ,​ c 2 ) during the search process, balancing global exploration and local exploitation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed ANN‐PSO‐PTS scheme achieves a PAPR reduction of 6.9 dB at a CCDF of 10 −4 for 16‐QAM modulation, outperforming standard PSO and SLM techniques by approximately 1.2 dB. The proposed model demonstrates distinct advantages over established baselines: It provides a 0.3 dB improvement over selective mapping (SLM) and 0.6 dB over tone reservation (TR) without incurring the spectral efficiency penalty associated with reserved tones. Furthermore, the ANN‐adaptive mechanism successfully overcomes the premature convergence observed in standard PSO (which stagnates at ∼8.2 dB), while the optimized swarm search reduces computational runtime by approximately 73% compared to the SLM baseline. The system maintains a robust bit error rate (BER) performance of 10 −5 at reduced SNR levels compared to conventional ACO‐OFDM. These findings confirm the efficacy of metaheuristic‐neural hybrids in delivering robust, low‐complexity optimization for optical wireless communication systems.

R. Islam, M. Akter, M.S. Hossain et al.

The foremost perspective of the issue is to reveal the four ideas of fuzzy soft $\mathcal{T}_1$ spaces underlying the insight of fuzzy topological spaces. Then, we discuss some consequences of such spaces and new hypotheses. Also, authors like to speculate about the connections among such notions as well as present novel thoughts about some characteristics.

J. Halouani, H. Chtourou, T. Gabbett et al.

Y. Wang, Xia Jiang, Yan-Ling Li et al.

Eutrophication and salinization are serious global environmental problems in freshwater ecosystems, occasionally acting jointly to exert harmful effects on aquatic ecosystems. To elucidate the interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on phytoplankton assemblages, we conducted a four-season study during 2020–2021 of eight lakes from Yunnan Plateau (Southwest China) with a wide range of conductivities (Cond, reflecting degree of salinization), eutrophic states, and water depths and used General Additive Modeling (GAM) of the data. We found that: (1) species number (SN), density (DPhyt), and biomass (BPhyt) of phytoplankton showed stronger seasonal dynamics in shallow lakes than in deep lakes, all being, as expected, higher in the warm season; (2) annual and summer data revealed highly significant positive relationships between SN, DPhyt, and BPhyt with total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), which became weaker at high TP occurring when the N:P ratio was low, indicating N limitation; (3) SN, DPhyt, and BPhyt showed a unimodal relationship with salinity, peaking at 400–1000 μS/cm (Cond); (4) the two dominant taxa (cyanobacteria and chlorophyta) showed different patterns, with chlorophyta generally dominating at low TN and cyanobacteria at high TN and Cond, suggesting the synergistic effect of nitrogen and Cond on cyanobacterial dominance.

Hüseyin Çakallı, Ahu Acikgoz, Ferhat Esenbel

We adapt strong θ−pre-continuity into fuzzy soft topology and investigate its properties. Also, the relations with the other types of continuities in fuzzy soft topological spaces are analized. Moreover, we give some new definitions.

Graham Macdonald, M. Penney, Michelle E. Mullaley et al.

Dongming Cai, Junjie Du, Chenyu Zhu et al.

Iron oxides have been widely recognized in the energy storage field, owing to the high theoretical capacitance, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the intrinsic poor electrical cond...

A. Javaloyes, J. M. Sarabia, R. Lamberts et al.

Javaloyes, A, Sarabia, JM, Lamberts, RP, Plews, D, and Moya-Ramon, M. Training prescription guided by heart rate variability vs. block periodization in well-trained cyclists. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Predefined training programs are common place when prescribing training. Within predefined training, block periodization (BP) has emerged as a popular methodology because of its benefits. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been proposed as an effective tool for prescribing training. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of HRV-guided training against BP in road cycling. Twenty well-trained cyclists participated in this study. After a preliminary baseline period to establish their resting HRV, cyclists were divided into 2 groups: an HRV-guided group and a BP group, and they completed 8 training weeks. Cyclists completed 3 evaluations weeks, before and after each period. During the evaluation weeks, cyclists performed: (a) a graded exercise test to assess V[Combining Dot Above]O2max, peak power output (PPO), and ventilatory thresholds with their corresponding power output (VT1, VT2, WVT1, and WVT2, respectively) and (b) a 40-minute simulated time-trial (40 TT). The HRV-guided group improved V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (p = 0.03), PPO (p = 0.01), WVT2 (p = 0.02), WVT1 (p = 0.01), and 40 TT (p = 0.04). The BP group improved WVT2 (p = 0.02). Between-group fitness and performance were similar after the study. The HRV-guided training could lead to a better timing in training prescription than BP in road cycling.

B. Feng, Gang Li, M. Islam et al.

ABA is important for plant growth and development; however, it also inhibits photosynthesis by regulating the stomatal aperture and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity. Noteworthy, this negative effect can be alleviated by antioxidants including ascorbic acid (AsA) and catalase (CAT), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Two rice cultivars, Zhefu802 (recurrent parent) and its near-isogenic line, fgl were selected and planted in a greenhouse with 30/24 °C (day/night) under natural sunlight conditions. Compared to fgl, Zhefu802 had significantly lower net photosynthetic rate (PN) and stomatal conductance (Cond) as well as significantly higher ABA and H2O2 contents. However, AsA and CAT increased PN, Cond, and stomatal aperture, which decreased H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In this process, AsA and CAT significantly increased the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity, while they strongly decreased the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate oxygenase activity, and finally caused an obvious decrease in the ratio of photorespiration (Pr) to PN. Additionally, AsA and CAT significantly increased the expression levels of RbcS and RbcL genes of leaves, while H2O2 significantly decreased them, especially the RbcS gene. In summary, the removal of H2O2 by AsA and CAT can improve the leaf photosynthesis by alleviating the inhibition on the stomatal conductance and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase capacity caused by ABA.

J. Arockia Reeta, J. Vimala, A. Borumand Saeid

M.L. Olivares, K. Shahrivar, J. de Vicente

A. Douglas, Cory Kennedy

Douglas, AS and Kennedy, CR. Tracking in-match movement demands using local positioning system in world-class men's ice hockey. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-While the global positioning system has been used in field sports for a decade, local positioning systems are newly available in indoor sports for the tracking of velocity and distance during competition. World-class male ice hockey players (n = 20) were monitored during 5 international matches. Speed and distance outputs were analyzed to determine the differences between positions, periods, and in-shift demands. Defense had a difference between forwards at distances covered at very slow (p < 0.001), slow (p < 0.001), and moderate (p < 0.001) speed. Forwards were found to cover a greater distance at very fast speed (p = 0.001) and sprint speed (p < 0.001). Defense had a decrease in skating distance at very fast (p < 0.001) and sprint skating speeds (p = 0.02). Forwards had an increase in very slow skating (p = 0.02) and a decrease in sprint skating distance (p = 0.02). Game situational differences were found for defense and forwards in average speeds for defense (p < 0.001) and forwards (p < 0.001). Local positioning systems data have the potential to accurately inform coaches of the position-specific demands of game situations and the training needs by position. Specifically, forwards performed more high-intensity skating than defensemen, whereas powerplay and penalty kill situations offered specific demands for the 2 positional groups. Finally, the intensity of skating was reduced in the third period for both defensemen and forwards. Further research can evaluate whether this is related to tactical decisions, or the metabolic cost of ice hockey.

Y. Hsu, C. Chiu, Yen-Peng Li et al.

D. Conte, Terence G. Favero, C. Lupo et al.

I. Loturco, Ricardo A. D'Angelo, Victor Fernandes et al.

A. Ruiz-Aguirre, J. Andrés-Mañas, J. M. Fernández-Sevilla et al.

Simon K. Harries, D. Lubans, R. Callister

Thomas Dos’Santos, Christopher Thomas, P. Comfort et al.

Abstract Dos'Santos, T, Thomas, C, Comfort, P, McMahon, JJ, Jones, PA, Oakley, NP, and Young, AL. Between-session reliability of isometric midthigh pull kinetics and maximal power clean performance in male youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3373–3381, 2018—The aim of the study was to determine the between-session reliability of isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) kinetics and maximal weight lifted during the power clean (PC) in male youth soccer players, and to identify the smallest detectable differences between sessions. Thirteen male youth soccer players (age: 16.7 ± 0.5 years, height: 1.80 ± 0.08 m, and mass: 70.5 ± 9.4 kg) performed 3 IMTP trials, whereas only 10 soccer players performed maximal PCs. These were performed twice, separated by 48 hours to examine the between-session reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficient of variation (CV) demonstrated high levels of within-session (ICC = 0.84–0.98, CV = 4.05–10.00%) and between-session reliability (ICC = 0.86–0.96, CV = 3.76–7.87%) for IMTP kinetics (peak force [PF] and time-specific force values 30–250 ms) and maximal PC (ICC = 0.96, CV = 3.23%), all meeting minimum acceptable reliability criteria. No significant differences (p > 0.05, effect size ⩽0.22) were revealed between sessions for IMTP kinetics and maximal PC performance. Strength and conditioning coaches and practitioners should consider changes of >6.04% in maximal PC and changes in IMTP kinetics of >14.31% in force at 30 ms, >14.73% in force at 50 ms, >12.36% in force at 90 ms, >12.37% in force at 100 ms, >14.51% in force at 150 ms, >11.71% in force at 200 ms, >7.23% in force at 250 ms, and >8.50% in absolute PF as meaningful improvements in male youth soccer players. Decrements in the IMTP kinetics greater than the aforementioned values could possibly be used as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue and preparedness for training or competition.

U. Ghorpade, M. Suryawanshi, S. Shin et al.