Hasil untuk "Technical hydraulics"

Alexander Nazarychev, Iliya Iliev, Daniel Manukian et al.

The study develops and implements a methodology for prioritizing power units (PUs) of captive power plants (CPPs) to support the development of maintenance and repair (M&R) programs considering their actual technical condition (TC) and reliability indicators. The proposed approach is based on the joint assessment of the technical condition index (TCI), the consumed technical resource (CTR), and the risk level (RL) of the PUs. To describe the statistical patterns of failures, a two-parameter Weibull distribution is applied, while the temporal change in the TCI is approximated by a linear relationship that accounts for differences between actual and nominal operating conditions. The CTR is defined as an integral characteristic reflecting the deviation between the actual and nominal TCI degradation functions. The RL is evaluated as a function of the probability of failure and the consequences of PU failure. Based on these individual indicators, an integrated priority index is formed to provide an unambiguous ranking of PUs. The methodology was implemented using actual operational data from a fleet of PUs of an energy company. The results demonstrate that using the TCI alone does not fully reflect the actual TC of the PUs, whereas the combined consideration of TC, CTR, and RL enables a more justified formation of M&R programs. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the developed methodology for reliability management of PUs at CPPs under resource constraints.

SHI Xiaoyan, ZHANG Hong, TAO Chunhua et al.

Lateral discharge is the primary means for rivers to receive sewage, and the permitted loadings of pollutants, based on the pollutant mixing zone, are critical parameters in discharge management. The adjoint equation method has demonstrated considerable benefits in addressing inverse problems in hydraulics. However, optimization objectives based on the discrepancies between predicted and observed concentrations cannot be straightforwardly employed for determining the permissible loadings, thus restricting the application of the adjoint equation method to this issue. This study applies the adjoint equation method to derive both the control equation and boundary conditions tailored to lateral effluents utilizing the depth-averaged pollution transport equations for lateral effluents. Given the narrow and elongated nature of the pollutant mixing zone in lateral discharges, a new formula for the error source term is introduced, targeting the length of the pollutant mixing zone as the primary objective. The adjustment value for lateral effluents is calculated by solving the adjoint equations and employing the BFGS optimization algorithm, iteratively determining the permitted pollutant loadings from lateral discharges. The simulation of the forward problem lays the groundwork for the inverse problem. This research focuses on an outlet from a sewage treatment facility in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to assess the hydrodynamic and water quality model. The findings indicated that the water quality model can accurately simulate the pollutant mixing zone, with the prediction error for the permanganate index (COD_Mn) maintained at 16.7%, satisfying the precision requirements of water quality simulations in practical engineering. Following the accuracy verification in the forward problem, an experiment is conducted to assess the efficacy of the proposed inversion method. The inversion outcomes revealed that, after 18 iterations, the computational precision for the length of the pollutant mixing zone is maintained below 0.01 m despite experiencing two fluctuations in the convergence process due to inherent limitations of the BFGS method. In practical engineering applications, the demand for precision in controlling the mixing zone length is comparatively modest and is achieved within six iterations, reducing the error to 1 m. These results highlight the method's high computational accuracy and rapid convergence rate, offering valuable technical support for managing effluents in natural rivers.

Mohamed Kamel Elshaarawy, Martina Zeleňáková, Asaad M. Armanuos

Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of inclined double cutoff walls installed beneath hydraulic structures by employing five machine learning models: Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and Categorical Boosting (CatBoost). A comprehensive dataset of 630 samples was gathered from previous studies, including key input variables such as the relative distance between the cutoff wall and the structure’s apron width (L/B), the inclination angle ratio between downstream and upstream cutoffs (θ 2/θ 1), the depth ratio of downstream to upstream cutoff walls (d 2/d 1), and the relative downstream cutoff depth to the permeable layer depth (d 2/D). Outputs considered were the relative uplift force (U/U o ), the relative exit hydraulic gradient (i R /i Ro ), and the relative seepage discharge per unit structure length (q/q o ). The dataset was split with a 70:30 ratio for training and testing. Hyperparameter optimization was conducted using Bayesian Optimization (BO) coupled with five-fold cross-validation to enhance model performance. Results showed that the CatBoost model demonstrated superior performance over other models, consistently yielding high R2 values, specifically surpassing 0.95, 0.93, and 0.97 for U/U o , i R /i Ro , and q/q o , respectively, along with low RMSE scores below 0.022, 0.089, and 0.019 for the same variables. A feature importance analysis is conducted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Partial Dependence Plot (PDP). The analysis revealed that L/B was the most influential predictor for U/U o and i R /i Ro , while d 2/D played a crucial role in determining q/q o . Moreover, PDPs illustrated a positive linear relationship between L/B and U/U o , a V-shaped impact of d 2/d 1 on i R /i Ro and q/q o , and complex nonlinear interactions for θ 2/θ 1 across all target variables. Furthermore, an interactive Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed, enabling engineers to efficiently predict output variables and apply model insights in practical scenarios.

Junior Rodolfo Paredes Donis, Pedro Saravia Celis

El estudio evaluó la carga bacteriológica aérea en una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales tipo wetland con vetiver, ubicada en la Colonia Aurora II, zona 13 de la Ciudad de Guatemala, mediante muestreo pasivo semicualitativo. El objetivo fue identificar áreas con mayor contaminación microbiológica aérea como indicador de riesgo potencial para los operadores. Las muestras se recolectaron con placas Petri expuestas durante 30 minutos, definiéndose siete puntos de muestreo en el canal de rejas, siete en el tratamiento con vetiver y siete en el efluente, según un análisis de probabilidad binomial. Los resultados mostraron mayores recuentos bacterianos en el tratamiento secundario (272 UFC/placa), seguido del canal de rejas (156 UFC/placa) y el tratamiento con vetiver (134 UFC/placa). El valor máximo puntual alcanzado fue de 318 UFC/placa en la etapa de efluente. Todos los valores superaron el umbral de referencia de 29 UFC/placa, lo que evidencia una elevada contaminación microbiológica aérea y un posible riesgo para el personal expuesto, considerando las limitaciones del método utilizado.

Pengfei QIN, Yamin ZHAO, Meng SONG et al.

Tunnel water inrush disasters are characterized by large flow, strong bursts, high water pressure, and various types, making them complex phenomena that involve multi-scale and multi-physical-field coupling. Analyzing the characteristics of adverse geological structures, their development patterns, and damage trends under water pressure is conducive to profoundly revealing the disaster mechanisms caused by mud and water inrush. This study was focused on the evolution of the performance and states of three key elements, water sources, water supply channels, and impermeable rock masses. The dynamic process of disaster evolution of mud and water inrush was firstly analyzed. Based on theories of elasticity, fracture mechanics, and engineering hydraulics, this study then explored the disaster mechanism of compression shear and tensile shear failures. The rock layers between the tunnel excavation face and the water sources were divided into three areas: the stress relaxation zone caused by tunnel excavation, the protection zone of intact rock masses, and the fissure zone. This study proposed optimal protective thickness against mud and water inrush. Additionally, it discussed the technical measures for disaster prevention and control from the perspectives of grouting theory and grouting materials, aiming to enhance the safety of tunnel construction. Tunnel mud and water inrush in tunnels is a complex phenomenon involving multi-scale and multi-physical-field coupling. Such disasters are characterized by substantial concealment, high destructive potential, and low predictability. The structural morphology and constructive forms of the disaster mechanisms are the foundation for revealing the mechanical principles of mud and water inrush. A comprehensive analysis of these structural morphologies and forms facilitates the scientific prediction of the spatial and temporal distribution of such disasters. This enables targeted disaster management and prevention strategies, thereby reducing safety risks for construction machinery, production materials, and personnel on-site.

Rohit Dhakate, Christian Brommer, Christoph Böhm et al.

This article presents an entirely data-driven approach for autonomous control of redundant manipulators with hydraulic actuation. The approach only requires minimal system information, which is inherited from a simulation model. The non-linear hydraulic actuation dynamics are modeled using actuator networks from the data gathered during the manual operation of the manipulator to effectively emulate the real system in a simulation environment. A neural network control policy for autonomous control, based on end-effector (EE) position tracking is then learned using Reinforcement Learning (RL) with Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process noise (OUNoise) for efficient exploration. The RL agent also receives feedback based on supervised learning of the forward kinematics which facilitates selecting the best suitable action from exploration. The control policy directly provides the joint variables as outputs based on provided target EE position while taking into account the system dynamics. The joint variables are then mapped to the hydraulic valve commands, which are then fed to the system without further modifications. The proposed approach is implemented on a scaled hydraulic forwarder crane with three revolute and one prismatic joint to track the desired position of the EE in 3-Dimensional (3D) space. With the emulated dynamics and extensive learning in simulation, the results demonstrate the feasibility of deploying the learned controller directly on the real system.

Rajesh Kumar Bhagat

Hydraulic jumps in thin films are traditionally explained through gravity-driven shallow-water theory, with surface tension assumed to play only a secondary role via Laplace pressure. Recent experiments, however, suggest that surface tension can be the primary mechanism. In this work we develop a theoretical framework for surface tension driven hydraulic jumps in planar thin-film flows. Starting from the full interfacial stress conditions, we show that the deviatoric component of the normal stress enters at leading order and fundamentally alters the balance. A dominant-balance analysis in the zero-gravity limit yields parameter-free governing equations, which admit a similarity solution for the velocity profile. Depth-averaged momentum conservation then reveals a singularity at unit Weber number, interpreted as the criterion for hydraulic control. This singularity is regularised by a non-trivial pressure gradient at the jump. This work establishes the theoretical basis for surface-tension-driven hydraulic jumps, providing analytical predictions for the jump location and structure.

Avrunin Grygoriy, Podrigalo Mikhail, Podrigalo Nadia et al.

Problem. The creation of transport vehicles for operation in difficult road conditions requires solving a complex of problems related to the fulfilment of the necessary requirements for speed and traction characteristics, in particular, shifting modes, overcoming climbs, manoeuvrability and increased speed with its stepless change, anti-skid properties. Such requirements are achieved thanks to constructive solutions in transmissions of various types. Goal. The aim is an attempt to create a fullflow continuously variable transmission with hydrostatic transmission and motor-wheels instead of a step-mechanical one to improve the technical characteristics of the all-terrain vehicle and the technological possibilities of manufacturing the transmission by the block method when using standard components. Methodology. Based on the analysis of the technical characteristics of the analogue allterrain vehicle with a mechanical multi-gear transmission and a review of achievements in modern hydrostatic transmission with hydraulic motor-wheels, static calculations were carried out to assess the possibility of creating a stepless full-flow hydro volume transmission and building its hydraulic schematic diagram. Calculations are based on mathematical models created on the basis of the laws of mechanics and hydraulics. The results. According to the results of the calculations, it has been shown that it is fundamentally possible to create a stepless hydrostatic transmission for an all-terrain vehicle with the specified traction and speed characteristics. Further research is proposed on the analysis of the dynamics of the hydrostatic transmission of the all-terrain vehicle and the creation of a corresponding experimental model of the vehicle. Originality. For the analogue all-terrain vehicle, the hydraulic motor-wheels required for the working volume were selected, which provide the parameters of traction and speed characteristics and allow creating an original transmission without the use of reducers and gearboxes. Practical meaning. The obtained results are planned to be considered as recommended for carrying out a functional and cost analysis in the design and determination of technological possibilities in the manufacture of a hydrostatic transmission of an all-terrain vehicle. It is also proposed to consider the method of calculating the hydrostatic transmission of an all-terrain vehicle in the educational process for master's students of industrial mechanical engineering when studying the disciplines related to the design of hydraulic drives and their tests.

Z. Zhu, Y. Lv, X. Su et al.

Slurry transport pumps, the central equipment of deep-sea mining (DSM) systems, provide the lifting power required for lifting mineral ores from the seafloor to the surface. The current technical challenges are associated with transport security and the economic aspects of coarse ore particles in pumps and pipelines. This paper focuses on the transportation characteristics of slurry pumps and uses theoretical methods, numerical calculations, and experimental methods to identify a feasible working mode. The geometric parameters of impeller channels in pump hydraulics significantly influence the migration properties of particles which in turn affects the overall security and economy of the system. The ratio of the impeller cross-sectional area F2/F1 (F1: cross-sectional area of the impeller outlet; F2: cross-sectional area of the impeller inlet) affects the particle passing capacity but negatively impacts pump efficiency. The percent of particles in the excellent passage interval of 0.2 s to 0.25 s increases from 25 to 43% when the number increases from 1.57 to 2.51. The pump behavior increases of the head by 5–10 m, and the efficiency decreases by 5–10%. So, the recommended span of F2/F1 is 1.57–2.00, and satisfying particle passing ability and efficiency can be achieved in this range. This study can provide a reference for the commercial transportation of slurry ores for deep-sea mining systems.

Maharani Elvida, Nur Arifaini, Subuh Tugiono et al.

The planning of a railway bridge over the river is carried out by analyzing the hydraulic factors on the river in accordance with PM No. 60 of 2012 concerning Technical Requirements for Railway Lines. Hydrological and hydraulics analysis was carried out using the HSS Nakayasu method and the HEC-RAS v5.0.7 application program. This study aims to analyze the height of the flood water level based on hydraulic factors on the Way Tipo River and to design a guard height limit (freeboard) railway bridge based on the previously calculated water surface elevation results. Hydraulic analysis and high maintenance planning (freeboard) railway bridge (BH-102 KM. 53 + 778) on the Way Tipo Bekri River, Central Lampung Regency, resulting in flood discharge values for 50 and 100 year return periods of 742,281 m respectively3/s and 854,431 m3/s, the flood water level (MAB) is +45,38 m and +45,51 m, as well as the freeboard the length of the bridge is 1,32 m for the 50 year return period and 1,19 m for the 100 year return period in terms of the difference between the flood water level and the bottom girder of the bridge. It was concluded thatfreeboard The obtained railroad bridge meets the planning criteria, namely at least 1 meters from the bottom girder of the bridge to the flood water level.Key words : railway bridge, hydrology, hydraulics, HSS Nakayasu, HEC-RAS. Perencanaan jembatan kereta api di atas sungai dilakukan dengan menganalisa faktor hidrolika pada sungai sesuai dengan PM No.60 Tahun 2012 tentang Persyaratan Teknis Jalur Kereta Api. Analisis hidrologi dan hidrolika dilakukan menggunakan metode HSS Nakayasu dan program aplikasi HEC-RAS v5.0.7. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tinggi muka air banjir berdasarkan faktor hidrolika pada Sungai Way Tipo serta merancang batas tinggi jagaan (freeboard) jembatan kereta api berdasarkan hasil elevasi muka air yang telah dihitung sebelumnya. Analisis hidrolika dan perancangan tinggi jagaan (freeboard) jembatan kereta api (BH-102 KM. 53 + 778) pada Sungai Way Tipo Bekri Kabupaten Lampung Tengah menghasilkan nilai debit banjir untuk kala ulang 50 dan 100 tahun masing-masing sebesar 742,281 m3/s dan 854,431 m3/s, elevasi muka air banjir (MAB) sebesar +45,38 m dan +45,51 m, serta nilai freeboard jembatan adalah 1,32 m untuk kala ulang 50 tahun dan 1,19 m untuk kala ulang 100 tahun ditinjau dari selisih antara elevasi muka air banjir dengan gelagar terbawah jembatan. Disimpulkan bahwa freeboard jembatan kereta api yang diperoleh sudah memenuhi kriteria perencanaan yaitu minimal 1 meter dari gelagar terbawah jembatan terhadap muka air banjir. Kata kunci : jembatan kereta api, hidrologi, hidrolika, tinggi jagaan, HSS Nakayasu, HEC-RAS.

C. Sylvester, Scott L. Spurgeon, Sean McGill et al.

This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering technical note (CHETN) details a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methodology to produce advanced lidar-derived datasets for use in a coastal erosion vulnerability analysis conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and other federal partners for the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI).

Nadejda Dauletmuratova, Gulshad Abdiganieva, S. Tolepova et al.

This article is devoted to the problems of water supply to the population, which are associated with the current water management situation, such as the shortage of water resources, the decline in the quality of surface and groundwater, the technical condition of pipelines. In this situation, there is a need to eliminate or mitigate the current situation, so the study of hydraulic friction losses in water conduits is of national economic and scientific importance.The article deals with the issues of determining the pressure loss in water pipes under various modes, the causes of clogging of pipelines in water supply systems and the basic formulas of engineering hydraulics under conditions of insufficient water supply to the population. Solving the problem will increase the reliability of pipeline operation, meet the requirements of the population, and meet the minimum of the reduced costs for construction and operation.

J. Bess, P. Blaise, Oliver Buß et al.

A myriad of opportunities is available to collaborate via international benchmark exercises and experimental data preservation activities. Many such opportunities abound under the auspices of the Nuclear Science Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). Key projects and activities of relevance to the development of advanced reactors design include the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP), the International Reactor Physics Experiment Evaluation Project (IRPhEP), the International Assay Data of Spent Nuclear Fuel Database (SFCOMPO), the Shielding Integral Benchmark and Archive Database (SINBAD), and The International Experimental Thermal HYdraulicS Database (TIETHYS), and various cooperative benchmark exercises. Interested participants are encouraged to contact the leadership and secretariat of the various Technical Working Groups and Working Parties to become more engaged. This paper provides a summary of the current benchmark exercises and experimental databases available for international participation.

Sean McGill, Ashley Elkins

This Regional Sediment Management technical note (RSM TN) provides the workflow for implementing results of various toolsets into the Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS). SBAS is a commonly used toolset developed by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (ERDC-CHL) for creating and visualizing sediment budgets. Recent upgrades to SBAS have warranted an investigation into its ability to accurately accept various data sources. Three case studies are presented showcasing the variety of acceptable tools, both ERDC-CHL published and custom-user created.

Sammy Francisco Hernández Aviles

La aldea Panimaché I y la aldea Panimaché II son comunidades instaladas en las faldas del Volcán de Fuego; en donde el abastecimiento de agua potable se ve afectado durante cada actividad volcánica, tanto a nivel de infraestructura de abastecimiento como a nivel de calidad de agua. En el caso del agua utilizada para consumo humano y para riego, se tiene que es producida por uno de los manantiales ubicados en terrenos municipales en la parte noreste del tanque de distribución. Para el actual estudio, fueron monitoreados los siguientes parámetros de posible contaminación geogénica: Cloruros (Cl-), Fluoruros (F-), Sulfato (SO42), Manganeso (Mn), Hierro (Fe), Boro (B) y Arsénico (As); en las cajas de captación de los manantiales que abastecen a Panimaché I y a Panimaché II con el objetivo de establecer una línea base para el análisis de la calidad de agua en manantiales volcánicos con respecto a la contaminación geogénica en estos acuíferos y su respectiva comparación con la Norma Técnica Guatemalteca COGUANOR 29001 donde establece los Límites Máximos Permisibles del agua para consumo humano en Guatemala. Los datos obtenidos mostraron que los parámetros muestreados que fueron medidos dentro del rango de detección del equipo utilizado (Boro y Sulfato), presentan concentraciones menores a los límites máximos permisibles establecidos en la normativa guatemalteca para agua potable, con una mediana de 0.20 miligramos por litro para el boro y de 8.255 para el Sulfato.

Rika Rosita Sari, Very Dermawan , Evi Nur Cahya

Road damage in the UB Forest Sumberwangi Area, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, is one of the harmful impacts of the drainage system. This study aims to analyze an accurate and efficient drainage system by applying modern methods, namely Building Information Modeling (BIM). By using BIM, the analysis of drainage work becomes faster and more accessible than with conventional methods. BIM is beneficial in building and analyzing drainage network data quickly and effectively and can help expand it to provide more accurate results. BIM can integrate models based on technical data and simulate development information into a three-dimensional model. BIM is used to perform 3D modeling of drainage channels using Autodesk Civil 3D, as well as analyzing channels from both hydrology and hydraulics with Storm and Sanitary Analysis (SSA). After calculating the design for a 5-year return period rainfall, channel dimensions of 50 x 50 cm and 30 x 30 cm were obtained. Based on the hydraulic analysis, it is known that several points have velocities that exceed the maximum velocity for the concrete surface (v < 3 m/s), so it is necessary to build a drop structure with h = 1 m. The quantity take off and the volume are calculated by Civil 3D for cut and fill work 7824.07 m3 and 1389.79 m3, respectively.

Guanyi Lu, Mark Kelley, Samin Raziperchikolaee et al.

Wellbore cooldown is often employed before well stimulation and/or hydraulic fracture stress testing in EGS and high temperature petroleum reservoirs. The thermo-elastic stress resulting from heat conduction during the cooling activity can have important influence on the behavior of the hydraulic fractures. A coupled numerical model has been developed to study the thermo-mechanical effect associated with pre-injection wellbore cooldown on the wellbore pressure and geometry of the hydraulic fracture (either longitudinal or transverse to the wellbore axis). The main novelty of this numerical study is the consideration of significant near-wellbore thermal stresses in the coupled non-linear problem of hydraulic fracturing initiation and propagation, which enables investigation of the thermo-mechanical effect under different fracture propagation regimes. Simulation results show earlier fracture initiation and lower breakdown pressure caused by cooling circulation. Extensive wellbore cooling also significantly alters the evolution of wellbore pressure, as evidenced by the differences observed under various cooling conditions. Most importantly, cooling promotes the transverse initiation of hydraulic fractures in situations where the initiation would have been longitudinal in the absence of cooling. The cases most susceptible to the complete change of fracture initiation geometry are those horizontal wells drilled parallel to the minimum horizontal stress but also applicable to vertical wells in cases where the vertical stress is the lower in magnitude than either horizontal principal stress. These results combine to indicate a profound potential for cooling to impact hydraulic fracture initiation and early growth, and therefore needs to be considered in the planning and interpretation of stress testing and reservoir stimulation when cooling operations are necessary.

J. Leppänen, V. Valtavirta, A. Rintala et al.

The Kraken computational framework is a new modular calculation system designed for coupled core physics calculations. The development started at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland in 2017, with the aim to replace VTT’s outdated legacy codes used for the deterministic safety analyses of Finnish power reactors. In addition to conventional large PWRs and BWRs, Kraken is intended to be used for the modeling of SMRs and emerging non-LWR technologies. The main computational modules include the Serpent Monte Carlo neutron and photon transport code, the Ants nodal neutronics solver, the FINIX fuel behavior module and the Kharon thermal hydraulics code, all developed at VTT. The core physics solution can be further coupled to system-scale simulations. In addition to development, significant effort has been devoted to verification and validation of the implemented methodologies. The reduced-order Ants code has been successfully used for steady-state, transient and burnup simulations of PWRs with rectangular and hexagonal core geometry. The Ants–Kharon–FINIX code sequence is actively used for the core design tasks in VTT’s district heating reactor project. This paper is a general overview on the background, functional description, current status and future plans for the Kraken framework. Due to the short history of development, Kraken has not yet been comprehensively validated or applied to full-scale core physics calculations. A review of previous studies is instead provided to exemplify the practical use.

D. Rudakov, O. Inkin

Purpose. Evaluation of the efficiency of open geothermal systems in flooded and drained mines of the Donetsk basin for heat supply of buildings with maintaining a safe mine water level. Methods. Both circulation and non-return geothermal systems for the mine water heat recovery are analyzed. We proposed the energy and cost criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of open geothermal systems based on a comparison of the produced thermal energy with the energy costs for its production. The criteria use the relationships of thermodynamics, hydraulics, analytical formulas for calculation of ground water flow and methods to calculate the heat demand of indoor spaces. Findings. The estimated ranges of thermal capacity from a few tens kW to a few MW and a coefficient of performance (COP) conversion factor of 3.5-6.8 achievable by geothermal systems for the studied closed mines of Donbas correlate well with the values of these indicators at open geothermal systems operated in different countries, which shows the technical and economic feasibility of the installation to cover local heat demands. The possibility to fully cover the needs for thermal energy is shown on the example of buildings with office spaces for staying of a few hundred people. We demonstrate how to preliminary calculate the parameters of mine water circulation with maintaining the safe level in terms of keeping the ground water quality in the areas adjacent to the mine. Originality. The developed criteria and calculation methodology allow to realistically evaluate the parameters of the efficiency of operation for open non-return and circulation geothermal systems, taking into account mining, geological and technology conditions, to prioritize the exploration of geothermal resources in mines and to evaluate the parameters of mine water circulation with maintaining the safe mine water level. Practical implications. The study showed the feasibility of installation and effective operation of open geothermal systems at the mines of the Donetsk basin for heat supply of buildings located in the adjacent areas with maintaining a safe mine water level.

Pablo Cesar Aníbal Saravia Solares

Los índices de calidad del agua ICA son expresiones simplificadas de un conjunto de variables y han resultado ser eficaces para transmitir información sobre calidad del agua, el resultado de su aplicación debe ser un número entre 0 y 100. Para este artículo se analizó el Índice de Calidad del Agua ICA-NSF para consumo humano de los ríos Teocinte y Acatán que abastecen la planta de tratamiento de agua Santa Luisa zona 16, siendo los puntos de muestreo los vertederos Teocinte 18”, Teocinte 20” y Acatan. Los valores de cada parámetro, ICA-NSF, son: Oxígeno disuelto: 0.17; coliformes fecales: 0.15; pH: 0.12; DBO5: 0.10; nitratos: 0.10; fosfatos: 0.10; temperatura: 0.10; turbiedad: 0.08 y solidos totales: 0.08. Se concluye que el valor del ICA para el río teocinte es de: 45.26; esto indica que los valores del agua se encuentran en el límite del rango de mala calidad, Ya que las aguas pueden solamente apoyar una diversidad baja de la vida acuática y están experimentando, problemas de contaminación, sin embargo el rango indica que aún es apta para realizar tratamiento para consumo humano. Para el río Acatán el valor del ICA es de: 55.35; este dato nos indica que el agua se encuentra en el rango de mediana calidad, ya que las aguas tienen generalmente, menos diversidad de organismos acuáticos y han aumentado con frecuencia el crecimiento de algas, siendo aptas para tratamiento y su consumo humano. Se recomienda realizar monitoreo mensuales, esto para contar con una base de datos que puedan generar información de la calidad del agua de cada río.