ObjectiveTo probe the heterogeneity and the influences of clinical nurses’ perceptions of differential atmosphere, and to investigate the relationship between each profile of differential atmosphere perception and organizational silence.MethodsWe adopted the General Information Questionnaire, the Differential Atmosphere Scale, and the Nurses’ Organizational Silence Assessment Questionnaire to survey 523 clinical nurses in three tertiary general hospitals in Shaanxi Province. And we estimated the potential categories of clinical nurses’ differential atmosphere perceptions via latent profile analysis, and quantified the influences on each profile via χ2 and logistic regression analyses, and probed the differences in the organizational silence scores of individuals with three differential atmosphere perception profiles through the least significant difference (LSD) method.ResultsThe differential atmosphere perception of clinical nurses was divided into “Insiders” (16.25%), “Go-betweens” (57.55%), and “Outsiders” (26.20%). Monthly income and years of working experience were the influencing factors of different categories of nurses’ differential atmosphere perceptions. There was a significant difference on the total organizational silence score and on the three profiles (p < 0.001), specifically, “Outsiders” > “Go-betweens” > “Insiders.”ConclusionThis study has identified three distinct subgroups in the differential atmosphere perception of nurses and their influencing factors. The findings demonstrated the heterogeneity among the clinical nursing population. Nursing managers may take prompt and targeted measures to reduce differential atmosphere perception, so as to improve the development of the nursing team.
Julian Rutten, Alexander Holland, Stanislav Roudavski
This research explores the idea of plants as designers and discusses approaches that humans can use to support plant’s productive agencies. It argues that plants have unique and valuable capabilities for creating and caring for their environments. Human interventions often overlook or constrain such capabilities. In response, the article proposes to use numerical modelling to better understand plants better while challenging the anthropocentric assumptions that are common in design. It focuses on large old trees in Tasmania as examples of outstanding plant-designers that need more recognition and protection. The article also raises open questions for further research on the ethical, ecological, and aesthetic implications of vegetal design.
Mi ensayo examina el innovador concepto de euaparición del cuerpo que la fenomenóloga sueca Kristin Zeiler propuso para describir las situaciones de la experiencia en que la corporalidad viene a darse como «grata, fácil, buena». Zeiler partía del planteamiento general de Drew Leder acerca de que el modo dominante de presencia del cuerpo en la experiencia es más bien su «ausencia», la trasparencia fenoménica que le hace pasar inadvertido. El artículo revisa y discute la tipología que Zeiler ofrece de esas apariciones propicias y ocasionales en que la corporalidad rompe con su discreción habitual. Pero en este contexto de análisis propongo recurrir a los conocidos fenómenos de agitación del cuerpo en medio del entusiasmo estético, de estremecimiento somático por la admiración intensa o ante la noticia feliz. En semejantes situaciones en que el cuerpo debiera permanecer desatento, ignorado, el «dulce escalofrío en el pecho» que Husserl somete a consideración en los Studien zur Struktur des Bewusstseins arroja una luz misteriosa sobre la participación del cuerpo, no tan discreta, en la dinámica de la experiencia intencional.
BackgroundTo determine the relationship between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and quality of working life (QWL) among medical caregivers and the mediating role of job burnout.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 787 medical caregivers at seven hospitals from Sichuan and Chongqing, China, between May to September 2023 were included in this observational study. The General Information Questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI), Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), and Quality of Working Life Scale (QWL7-32) were used for data collection. SPSS 26.0 and PROCESSv3.3 were used for all data analyses, including descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 820 questionnaires were distributed, of which only 787 were valid (return rate; 95.98%). The QWL score of medical caregivers was 126.94 ± 16.69. However, QWL scores were significantly different depending on age, number of children, family support status, department, years of experience, night shift status, number of night shifts per month, number of hours worked per day, monthly income, and occurrence of errors or adverse events (p < 0.05). Furthermore, job burnout and ERI were negatively correlated with QWL (p < 0.01). Job burnout mediated (95% CI = -0.365, −0.260) the relationship between ERI and QWL, accounting for 58.65% of the total effect.ConclusionMedical caregivers have a medium level of QWL. Job burnout partially mediates the relationship between ERI and QWL. Medical caregiver managers can improve QWL by directly intervening in occupational stress and indirectly intervening in job burnout.
Leonardo André Testoni, Vera Maria Nigro de Souza Placco
O contexto da educação básica brasileira caracteriza-se, de modo geral, na atuação de docentes com descompassos formativos, que ministram aulas de diversas disciplinas, no caso dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, ou que lecionam disciplinas diversas de sua área de formação, no caso das séries finais e ensino médio. Nessa linha, diversos estudos apontam para a evidência de lacunas e imprecisões conceituais no planejamento de intervenções didáticas, devido ao precário desenvolvimento profissional. Desse modo, o presente artigo traz uma revisão teórica sistemática sobre o tema relacionado aos conhecimentos profissionais do magistério e busca contribuir com tal debate, trazendo como resultado a proposta de uma visão do processo de construção de saberes docentes com base em modelos do conhecimento pedagógico de conteúdo articulados com os processos de criação vigotskianos. Tal proposta possibilitou possíveis implicações das articulações apresentadas em associação com as pesquisas relacionadas à formação docente, bem como com propostas formativas, que levem em consideração o contexto cultural do professor, especificamente seus esquemas repertoriais, aqui representados pelo espectro criativo. Desse modo, pretende-se que os contextos formativos utilizem e incrementem o repertório professoral, repertório este fundamental para o desenvolvimento de novos Conhecimentos Pedagógicos de Conteúdo em um caráter transformativo, possibilitando práticas que permitam o desenvolvimento profissional docente.
En su obra Intimacy or Integrity: Philosophy and Cultural Difference (originalmente 1988 Gilbert Ryle Lectures, publicada en 2002), Thomas P. Kasulis identifica dos tipos de orientaciones “intimidad” e “integridad” que condicionan tanto las relaciones interpersonales como nuestra relación con el mundo. Si bien ambas orientaciones se pueden hallar tanto en las tradiciones filosóficas occidentales como en las asiáticas, puede decirse que la primera predomina en buena parte de la filosofía japonesa. A partir del paradigma de la intimidad descrito por Kasulis, examinaremos dos creaciones conceptuales de Nishida Kitarō (1870-1945) y Watsuji Tetsurō (1889-1960) respectivamente, el “yo como lugar” y el “ambiente geocultural”. De este modo, mostraremos cómo emerge un modo de comprender el “yo” como algo situado y relacional que nos permite pensar un modo de ser ecológico-comunitario.
To contribute to the debates on the implications, actors and geopolitical levers of tourism, this article particularly examines religious tourism. For this reason, it is based on the first results of a research in urban geography on the role of the religious tourism industry in the realignment of the Israeli-Palestinian space and as a geopolitical lever for the positioning of Israel and of the Palestinian Territories on the international scene. It responds to this by looking at the places that contribute to producing this form of tourism; and the physical flows and symbolic movements of which these places are the objectives. On this territory where the touristic attraction continues despite the continuous violence, three types of sites have been identified: pilgrimage sites, alternative sites, and religious theme parks. This article will show how these sites, which will be collected under the term “places of mobility”, are linked and how they produce what we will refer to as “mobility of places”.
El nombre del presente número es “La investigación para la acción y el cambio social”, decidimos titularlo de esa manera porque consideramos de fundamental interés destacar la importancia que ha adquirido el trabajo científico desarrollado por los profesionales de distintas disciplinas para favorecer a la población que atienden respectivamente, pues en los trabajos presentados se muestra una excelente articulación entre la teoría y la práctica, poniendo en evidencia que se parte de una concepción social y científica, holística, pluralista e igualitaria.
La investigación-acción es definida como movimiento social, consecuencia de los significados que emergen de la acción y de la investigación, pero sobre todo de la relación entre ambas; de aquí se desprende su principal característica que estriba en identificar las teorías que utilizan los actores para guiar una acción y asimismo ser capaces de predecir sus consecuencias, siempre teniendo en cuenta que los resultados obtenidos serán utilizados “en” y “para” la acción, en la mayoría de los casos buscando beneficiar con ellos a todos los involucrados y teniendo la clara intención de solucionar o apoyar en la resolución de un problema concreto.
Es importante distinguir que la investigación-acción se proyecta en tres dimensiones: personal, profesional y política. En la dimensión personal el énfasis se hace en el enriquecimiento, autoconocimiento y realización de cada sujeto en la comprensión profunda de las propias prácticas. Es por esto que algunos autores la consideran como un proceso neutral de acumulación de conocimientos a nivel desarrollo profesional práctico. En este caso se une la teoría y la práctica y se convierte en conocimiento y acción. La parte política y social se logra cuando la construcción de la realidad comienza a manifestarse por medio de la acción reflexiva de las personas y las comunidades, evidenciando la importancia del conocimiento experiencial para un adecuado desarrollo como grupo social.
Past studies showed that self-construal could be manipulated by the differences in
language use; for example, the use of first-person singular pronouns in a sentence prime
independent self-construal whereas first person plural pronouns prime interdependent selfconstrual. In addition, it has been demonstrated that women are more sensitive to such
manipulations. In the current study, self-construal was manipulated by the use of “I” or “we”
pronouns and it was investigated whether Turkish women are also more sensitive to such
manipulations in pronoun types. The sample consisted of 155 university students. Participants
were asked to state how much they agree with statements including either “I” or “we” as a
personal pronoun. The results showed that, in general, women were more interdependent as
compared to men, but there was no sex difference with regard to independence. Pronoun type
alone did not influence self-construal, but it interacted with sex in predicting interdependent
self-construal. Accordingly, the use of “we” as a pronoun increased interdependence only
among women. The current study contributed to Turkish psychological literature by
demonstrating that self-construal can be primed by manipulating pronoun types and women are
more susceptible to such manipulations. Implications for future research were discussed.
Despite having philosophy been modernly addressed to mind rather than to brain (or to metaphysics rather than to physics), the field of neurophilosophy could represent the reoccurrence of the pretension to embrace totality. By overcoming the traditional opposition between undifferentiated monism and mind-brain dualism, Pereira Jr.’s Triple-Aspect Monism (TAM) would be more than just a conciliation or an insertion of dualism into a physicalist regard of biology. In this essay, TAM is, then, correlated to the Hegelian philosophy, in order to identify its elements as a means of reaction to mind-brain dualism, as Hegel opposed to dualism in modern philosophy. There are, thus, mainly four topics discussed in this essay that summarize the correlation between Hegelian dialectics and TAM: (1) The triadic structure of being, nothing and becoming, – also in the form of the universal, the particular and the singular – connected to the three layers of physiological, unconscious/informational and conscious processes; (2) the idea of morality and ethical life as a result from physical interactions, which include intentionality, exchange of information waves and physical-chemical-biological exchanges; (3) the forms of Aristotle incorporated in Hegel’s idea of the Absolute’s movement, which overcomes the modern opposition between nature and spirit as different entities; and (4) Hegel’s considerations of the game of forces, compatible to TAM’s contemporary scientific approach.
This essay contributes to the ethics of vulnerability and to the tradition of feminist care ethics by introducing the notion of second-person needs. Employing the work of Annette Baier, who argues that we are all ‘second persons’ insofar as personhood arises through a childhood in the care of others, it draws attention to the needs that are illuminated when we approach ourselves and others as second persons, and makes a case for the moral import of second-person needs. In drawing from and critically responding to Lisa Tessman’s concept of ‘burdened virtues,’ it also adds to a growing field of ethical work on moral damage. In particular, this paper reminds readers of the benefits of the virtue of sensitivity and attention to other’s suffering, without ignoring the toll that it can extract.
<span>This paper is after introducing “Understanding Synergy Pattern”<span> as Islamic-Iranian strategic framework for cultural diplomacy.<span> Attending that is important because of growth of the role of culture<span> in the international policy making and changing of the common<span> official cultural diplomacy trends. Understanding Synergy pattern<span> is formed based on historical and cultural commonalities in the<span> geo-cultural atmosphere and in form of new cultural diplomacy. In<span> this combination, “synergy” implies collective and group activity<span> and “understanding” points to the fact that not only the would not<span> members win each other, but also will reach to sublime and human<span> dignity-bearing goals in a common understanding horizon.<span> Performers and brokers of the intended pattern are cultural elites in<span> Hawzahs and universities who are considered policy makers of<span> cultural diplomacy, beyond official governmental diplomacy. The<span> goals of synergy pattern include: creating tolerance and peaceful<span> symbiosis, strengthening brotherhood and nearness, justly<span> utilization of the environment, self-sufficiency and economic<span> justice. In this paper, in addition to stating practical frameworks,<span> stages of operationalization of the intended pattern - in line with the<span> draft of Islamic-Iranian development pattern document - have been<span> attended to.<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Kıraatlerin bir uzmanlık alanı olarak ele alınması hicri ilk asrın sonlarına denk gelmektedir. Bu tarihten itibaren Osman Mushaflarına bağlı olarak kıraatleri inceleyip tasnif eden önemli birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu konudaki detaylı çalışmalar ise özellikle hicri üçüncü asırdan itibaren verilmeye başlanmıştır. Hicri dördüncü asra kadar kıraatler yedi veya on ile sınırlandırılmadığından bu dönemde yapılan kıraat değerlendirmeleri, bu dönemden sonra yapılan değerlendirmelerden farklılık arz etmektedir. Hicri üçüncü asrın sonlarına doğru kıraatlerle ilgili önemli çalışmalar ve katkılar sunan Taberî, tefsirinde kıraatlerin dayanması gereken temel kaideleri titizlikle belirtmiş ve bu bağlamda kendisinden sonra gelenleri etkilemiştir. Biz de bu makalede Taberî’nin kıraatleri ele alış tarzını ve dayandığı usulü örnekleriyle beraber inceleyeceğiz. Dolayısıyla bu makalenin en önemli katkılarından birisi, Taberî’nin kıraatte dayandığı usulü hem teorik hem de tatbiki olarak vermeyi hedeflemesidir.
The acoustic and visual understanding of man is a hotly debated issue in contemporary culture. I found it important therefore to look at certain historical, cultural, aesthetical, philosophical and anthropological peculiarities of human image in Antiquity as reflected in the arts. The following aspects deserve special attention: the visualization of sense and values; the interaction of “ethos” (character) and “soma” (body); the influence of the plastic images on the narrative ones; a normative typology of man; the significance of visual and acoustic perception. In this context, I studied ancient physiognomic; Aristotelian understanding of the acoustic and plastic arts; genesis, evolution and significance of the sculptural portrait image of man and the image of philosopher in Antiquity. I also pay attention to some methodological aspects of the study. As a result, there emerges an integral image of philosopher, which allows looking at the Greek culture from a fresh angle.
Greek language and literature. Latin language and literature, Philosophy (General)
O artigo procura refletir sobre os enunciados de Wittgenstein acerca das possibilidades de uma experiência ética, presentes em sua conferência sobre a ética, realizada em novembro de 1929. Partido de sua visão de mundo e da desconstrução crítica de toda metafisica moderna presente em sua filosofia, procuramos demonstrar como Wittgenstein estabeleceu uma ruptura da experiência ética com todas as formas de linguagem e racionalização humanas. A negatividade de seu pensamento não permitiu
o encontro de nenhum fundamento ético na natureza, fazendo o autor de Investigaçõs Filosóficas concluir que, a ética, se ela existe, é sobrenatural, pois nossa linguagem exprime somente fatos naturais, desprovidos de qualquer valor absoluto. A partir disso, o artigo busca encontrar elementos que possam demonstrar, no percurso de sua filosofia, uma espécie de silêncio místico e uma forma de teologia negativa.
Three conceptions of general education developed under the titles ‘general,’‘generalist,’ and ‘generalizing’ are matched with appropriate strategies for teaching the Bible. These provide the basis for two points relevant to teaching the Bible in colleges and universities: first, that the prime object of attention is not the Bible, but rather a corporate agreement regarding an educational project; and second, that the ways in which the Bible might be taught will vary, appropriately, according to the ways in which that educational enterprise is understood. A corollary is stated: teachers of the Bible need to be as informed about research in teaching as they are in biblical research.
XX amžiuje nepriklausomybę iškovojusi lietuvių tauta susidūrė su istorine tautinių mažumų nacionalinės integracijos problema. Iki 1926 m. perversmo šios problemos sprendimo strategija grįsta 1922 m. Konstitucijoje apibrėžta Lietuvos Tautos kategorija. Perversmo būdu ketvirtajame dešimtmetyje įsitvirtinę tautininkai kūrė savo strategiją. Jos taikymas smarkiai palietė gausiausią Lietuvos tautinę mažumą - žydus. Tautininkai, besivadovaudami etninio nacionalizmo bei pilietiškumo (paneigiančio Lietuvos Tautos sąvoką) sampratomis, nubrėžė kultūrinio šios mažumos tautinės tapatybės raiškos ribas. Esminis kriterijus - žydų mažumos kultūrinio lojalumo idėja. Ši mažuma buvo padalyta į savus ir svetimus, o tai ketvirtojo dešimtmečio Lietuvoje ženklino galutinį visuotinės lygybės principo atsisakymą bei komunitarinių tendencijų stiprėjimą. Šių tendencijų įsigalėjimas ir sudarė esmines kultūrinės žydų tapatybės charakteristikų motyvacijas.
Prasminiai žodžiai: žydai, nacionalizmas, tautininkai, kultūrinis lojalumas.
CULTURAL IMAGE OF THE JEWISH IN LITHUANIA AND NATIONALISTS IDEOLOGY
Bernaras Ivanovas
Summary
In the beginning of the 4th decade (XX c.) in Lithuania we can see positive image on the cultural level of Lithuanian Jews in the Nationalists party's press. First of all, the aspects of this image were closely connected with ethno-nationalism and idea of cultural loyalty to Lithuanian nation, that was master of the national state. The Nationalist party at the same tries to assure the unity of Jewish community and preferred Zionist group, which main goal was to immigrate to Palestine. This group concentrates almost all positive characteristics of the positive image of Lithuanian Jews. That proves thad loyal Jew for Lithuanian Nationalists party was just Zionist, the Jew who wants to leave that country. Another group, that had positive image was group of religious orthodoxies. Nationalists preferred them, because they didn't want to integrate to Lithuanian society.
At the end of the 4th decade the attitude toward Jews had changed. Firs of all Nationalist's propaganda concentrated on the group of liberal Jews and on the usage of Russian language in Jewish community, but on another hand the image of Jewish communist was not very popular. Generally, all negative features were attributed to the Jews, who wanted to integrate to Lithuanian society and who wanted to take positions, that, according to the ideology of nationalists, were attributed just for Lithuanians. At the end we can say that motivation of cultural Jewish image was based on the principals of Nationalist's ideology which main goal was to create house only for Lithuanian nation. Other national minorities, according Nationalists leader and Lithuanian president A. Smetona, had only one possibility: to leave or to help for Lithuanians in creating their national house.
Keywords: Jew, nationalism, Nationalist party, cultural loyalty.
La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, la última gran obra de Paul Ricoeur, fue publicada en otoño del 2000. Se trata de una de las obras fundamentales que marcan el ritmo de su producción, junto con la trilogía inicial sobre la voluntad, la trilogía de Temps et récit y el escrito Soi-Même comme un autre. El libro se inicia con una advertencia en la que se anuncian claramente las preocupaciones que están en el origen de esta publicación.