Hasil untuk "Nursing"

Denise F. Polit PhD Faan, Cheryl Tatano Beck DNSc Cnm Faan

K. Parahoo

M. Tinetti, Christianna S. Williams

J. Cohen-Mansfield, M. Marx, Alvin S. Rosenthal

Sujin Shin, Jin-Hwa Park, Jung-Hee Kim

G. A. Cañadas-De la Fuente, C. Vargas, Concepción San Luis et al.

G. Kojima

Yeoungsuk Song, R. Lindquist

Wei Y, Wang Y, Cao P et al.

Yuxuan Wei,1,2,* Yongli Wang,3,* Peichun Cao,4,* Yuanyuan Gong,1 Jingjing Gong,1 Li Yang,1 Jin Chen,5 Jingli Wang,4 Xiaodan Li1 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Hebei University, Baoding, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Breast Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaodan Li, Email lixiaodan@pkuph.edu.cnObjective: To examine the mediating role of medical coping in the relationship between social support and illness uncertainty among patients with malignant tumors, and to explore differences across age groups.Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from 905 hospitalized patients. Patient-reported outcomes were measured using the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale–Adult, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0, and mediation effects were tested using the PROCESS macro with bootstrap resampling.Results: In the overall sample, medical coping partially mediated the relationship between social support and illness uncertainty (indirect effect: β = 0.177, SE = 0.061, bootstrap 95% CI [0.067, 0.306]). Age-stratified analyses showed a full mediation effect in younger patients (β = 1.362, SE = 0.218, 95% CI [0.875, 1.737]). In contrast, the mediation effects were weaker in middle-aged and older patients, accounting for only 2.96% and 17.65% of the total effect, respectively. These findings indicate that the mediating role of medical coping varies across age groups, with distinct patterns observed among younger, middle-aged, and older patients.Conclusion: In this cross-sectional sample, the results were statistically consistent with an indirect association between social support and illness uncertainty via medical coping, with age-related differences. Younger patients showed a stronger indirect association via coping, whereas middle-aged and older patients showed relatively stronger direct associations between social support and illness uncertainty.Keywords: neoplasms, uncertainty in illness, social support, adaptation, psychological, nursing care

Xinyu Zhao, Dong Xu, Wei Ji et al.

Abstract. Background:. Chronic liver disease (CLD), mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a significant public health concern worldwide. This study aims to quantify the burden of NAFLD in CLD globally and within China, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, providing crucial insights for global and local health policies. Methods:. The study used comprehensive data from the GBD study 2021. It included estimates of prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Age-standardized rates and average annual percent change (AAPC) from 2011 to 2021 were reported. A meticulous decomposition analysis was conducted. Results:. In 2021, there were 1582.5 million prevalent cases, 47.6 million incident cases, 1.4 million deaths, and 44.4 million DALYs attributable to CLD, globally. Among these, NAFLD has emerged as the predominant cause, accounting for 78.0% of all prevalent CLD cases (1234.7 million) and 87.2% of incident cases (41.5 million). Correspondingly, NAFLD had the highest age-standardized prevalence (15,017.5 per 100,000 population) and incidence (876.5 per 100,000 population) rates among CLDs. In addition, China’s CLD age-standardized prevalence rate was 21,659.5 per 100,000 population, and the age-standardized incidence rate was 752.6 per 100,000 population, higher than the global average. From 2011 to 2021, the global prevalence rate of CLD increased slowly (AAPC = 0.17), consistent with the trend in China (AAPC = 0.23). Furthermore, the prevalence rate of NAFLD rose significantly in China (AAPC = 1.30) compared with the global average (AAPC = 0.91). Decomposition analysis also showed the worldwide increase in deaths and DALYs for NAFLD, which were primarily attributable to population growth and aging. Conclusions:. The burden of CLD and NAFLD remains substantial globally and within China in terms of high prevalence and incidence. As such, this underscores the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies. These findings emphasize the importance of continued surveillance and research to mitigate the growing impact of liver diseases on global and Chinese health systems.

Dewi Novitasari Arifin, Pramana Adhityo, Nabila Ardia Pramono et al.

Abstract Background Intussusception is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in pediatric patients. Early recognition and treatment are essential to prevent potentially fatal complications. Identifying the risk of failure of hydrostatic reduction as non-operative management in children with intussusception would provide significant clinical advantages. It would allow prompt identification of the need for early surgical intervention and potentially prevent complications that can arise from prolonged intestinal strangulation. To address this issue, our study proposed a scoring system that evaluates the likelihood of hydrostatic reduction failure in pediatric intussusception cases. Methods The medical records of 61 children with intussusception who underwent hydrostatic reduction were analyzed retrospectively to determine a scoring system using the following variables: age, weight, vomiting, duration of symptoms, currant jelly stool, abdominal distention, mass location, and pseudoportio sign. Results Among the 61 eligible patients, hydrostatic reduction was successful in 23 (37.7%) and failed in 38 (62.3%). There was a significant association between the failure of hydrostatic reduction with age ≤12 months (p=0.002), body weight ≤10 kg (p=0.001), vomiting (p=0.0006), duration of symptoms >48 hours (p=0.003), abdominal distension (p=0.001), location of mass (p=0.00004), currant jelly stool (p=0.00005), and pseudoportio sign (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the onset of symptoms >48 hours (p=0.014; OR=17.34 [95% CI=1.76-170.45]), left-sided mass (p=0.003; OR=17.74 [95% CI=2.66-118.17]), and currant jelly stool (p=0.029; OR=9.05 [95% CI=1.26-65.03]) were strongly associated with failure of hydrostatic reduction. Prediction scores ranged from 0 to 3. A score of ≥2 predicted a higher possibility of reduction failure, while a score of <2 predicted a lower possibility of reduction failure (p<0.000). Conclusion The scoring system might serve as a valuable prognostic tool for pediatric surgeons in evaluating the risk of hydrostatic reduction failure in children with intussusception. Our findings indicate that three critical indicators—the duration of symptoms exceeding 48 hours, the presence of currant jelly stool, and a left-sided mass of the abdomen—are associated with the failure of hydrostatic reduction. This scoring system may facilitate patients' decision-making and guide the need for early surgical intervention.

J. Dunne, D. Foo, J. Jancey et al.

Short interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) of <6–18 months are associated with adverse maternal and child outcomes. This study aimed to identify the individual, relationship, community, and societal factors that influence short IPIs in high-income countries. A comprehensive search was undertaken in CINAHL Plus, Ovid/EMBASE, Ovid/MEDLINE, Ovid/PsycINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published in English from 1st January 1990 to 26th October 2023. Studies were included if they reported an effect estimate of at least one determinant of pregnancy spacing in a high-income country. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Johanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool. Multi-level factors at the individual, relationship, community, and societal level were systematically identified through the socio-ecological model. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020176311). Of 2005 unique articles, 220 were identified for full-text review, and 55 met the inclusion criteria representing a total of 27,103,055 women from 13 high-income countries. All the included studies were deemed to be of moderate to high quality. Most of the studies reported determinants of short IPI at the individual level, with non-use of contraception the most common reported factor. Peer influence was a factor at the relationship level, and access to health care and reproductive services were impactful at the community and societal levels, respectively. Future research and efforts should support the development and implementation of policies and practices that support optimum pregnancy spacing from a comprehensive socio-ecological position.

Joanne Huiyi Luo, Xuan Han Koh, Marlinda Ali et al.

Background Community nurses play a crucial role in managing pain, a prevalent yet often inadequately addressed symptom in community settings. Persistent knowledge gaps among healthcare providers contribute to inconsistent pain management, potentially compromising patient outcomes. Objectives This study is designed as a pre- and post-course observational study aiming to assess baseline pain knowledge among community nurses in Singapore and evaluate the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary pain education programme. Methods 43 community nurses completed a pre-course questionnaire assessing self-reported clinical knowledge and objective pain knowledge using the Clinical Pain Knowledge Test (CPKT). Following an interdisciplinary pain education programme, 34 nurses completed the post-course questionnaire. Changes in self-reported clinical knowledge and CPKT scores were analysed, and multivariable linear regression was used to identify predictors of post-course knowledge scores. Results Baseline pain knowledge among community nurses was modest with a mean pre-course CPKT score of 49.1% (±12.8%). Post-course, there was a significant improvement in overall knowledge scores (mean 58.4% ± 14.1%, p < 0.001). While improvements were observed in most CPKT domains, there was no significant change in the application of knowledge in clinical conditions. Less experienced community nurses demonstrated the greatest improvement post-course. Conclusion Structured pain education programmes effectively enhance nurses’ theoretical knowledge, particularly among those with less experience in community nursing. However, translating this knowledge into clinical application remains challenging. Standardised pain education and interdisciplinary training approaches may further strengthen pain management competencies in community settings.

Pâmela Gracielle da Fonseca, António Raposo, Nada Alqarawi et al.

BackgroundFeeding difficulties, such as limited appetite, selective eating, and food phobia, affect caregivers' ability to provide adequate nutrition to children. These issues impact 25%–40% of non-neurodivergent children and up 80% of neurodivergent children.AimThis review examines how family involvement influences the improvement, worsening, or maintenance of feeding difficulties in neurodivergent and non-neurodivergent preschool and school-age children.MethodsAn integrative review was conducted using Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Lilacs and grey literature (Google Scholar and Connect Papers). The review focused on randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving parents or caregivers of children aged 2–10 years, assessing lifestyle or psychological interventions.ResultsFrom 1,257 studies, 885 primary articles were screened. Of the 100 most recent articles on grey literature, 2 met the eligibility criteria after full-text assessment and were therefore included in the review. Thirty-six studies were reviewed in full, leading to 11 RCTs with 630 children aged 1 to 14. Interventions included behavioral education, sensory education, and cooking classes. Findings indicated increased vegetable acceptance in two studies, improved feeding difficulties scores in five, and reduced avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) symptoms in two studies. One study showed no significant differences between control and intervention groups.ConclusionFamily-involved interventions generally produced positive outcomes in managing feeding difficulties. However, methodological variability and the predominance of studies from high-income countries limit the generalizability of these results. Future research should focus on standardizing diagnostic criteria and developing culturally sensitive interventions.

Kehinde Peter Animasahun, Racheal Toluse Omoniyi, Taiwo Racheal Adeloye et al.

To determine the occurrence and causes of missed nursing care (MNC) among nurses in Nigeria. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study done among nurses working in a hospital in Nigeria from August to November 2024. Sixty-two nurses were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Data was collected through self-administered MISSCARE survey tools. Pearson correlation was used to explore the relationship between continuous variables at P<0.05. The occurrence of MNC was 38.7% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.49 to 1.74). Commonly, MNCs were turning off patients (3.73 [standard deviation [SD]=0.99]), patient teaching/education (3.94 [SD=0.92]), review of collected lab results (3.77 [SD=1.10]), assessment of medication effectiveness (3.95 [SD=0.96]), attending interdisciplinary care conference (3.26 [SD=1.30]), and discussing patient expectations (3.77 [SD=1.13]). Inadequate number of staff (41.9%), inadequate number of support staff (38.7%), medications were not available when needed (41.9%), supplies/equipment not available when needed (43.5%), equipment not functioning correctly when needed (35.5%), tension of communication breakdowns with other department (32.3%), tension or communication breakdown within nursing team (32.3%), and communication breakdown with nurse assistant (32.3%) were the identified causes of MNC. Male nurses (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.129 to 2.627), nurses who had less than one-year work experience (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 0.090 to 71.820), nurses with diplomas (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 0.017 to 16.468), and nurses with a degree as educational qualification (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 0.170 to 5.395) were factors associated with MNC. The study concluded that a low occurrence of MNC was found. There is a critical need to enhance nursing care; nurses should improve their care regarding patient turning, patient teaching/education, review of collected lab results, communication, and assessment of medication effectiveness. Further investigation is required to gain a deeper insight into the reasons behind missed care and the criteria nurses use to prioritize neglected care.

Jing Zhang, Nannan Wang, Le-Meng Ren et al.

BackgroundSpinal diseases related pain represents a critical clinical issue that demands urgent resolution. Current treatment and assessment strategies predominantly focus on peripheral mechanisms. The application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a promising approach to identifying potential central targets for intervention.MethodsWe retrospectively included 31 patients with spinal diseases related pain and 32 controls with non-spinal, orthopedic complaints (no chronic neurological or psychiatric disorders). All participants underwent resting-state brain fMRI (eyes closed, awake). We quantified amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) with mean normalization (mALFF) and z-transformation (zALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo; 27-voxel neighborhood), seed-based functional connectivity (FC; pre/postcentral seeds), and degree centrality (DC; binary and weighted). Between group tests used voxel-wise two-sample t_tests with Gaussian random field (GRF) correction.ResultsPatient group was associated with increased m/zALFF in right cerebellar lobule IX and right Superior Frontal Gyrus, medial part, and lower activity in bilateral postcentral gyri and the cuneus, decreased m/zALFF in bilateral postcentral gyri. ReHo analysis confirmed reduced local synchrony in postcentral regions, spatially overlapping with ALFF findings. FC analyses revealed enhanced cerebellar-thalamic connectivity (Crus1/2, thalamus) but reduced connectivity in sensorimotor and higher-order cortical networks. DC showed hyperconnectivity in left cerebellar Crus I with reduced Superior Frontal Orbital (Frontal_Sup_Orb). All findings survived GRF correction at the pre_specified thresholds.ConclusionResting-state brain fMRI indicates a cerebello-thalamo-cortical alteration pattern in spinal diseases related pain featuring cerebellar involvement, prefrontal subspecialization, and multilevel sensorimotor disruption. These cross-sectional associations may inform hypothesis-generation for future neuromodulation studies and provide candidate biomarkers for monitoring, pending prospective validation.

Lynda Hughes, Danny Sidwell, Valda Frommolt et al.

Workplace integration of undergraduate student nurses through clinical placement remains an integral part of nurse education. The role of clinical facilitators who support this integration is complex and shaped by the expectations of various key stakeholders. These multiple expectations often resulting in the role being blurred and lacking clarity. The research aim is to identify the roles and expectations of clinical facilitators from the perspectives of academics/educators and students and to explore qualities that allow clinical facilitators to conduct their role effectively. A cross-sectional survey was utilised. Exploratory factor analysis, free text data and comparative analysis were used. Findings suggest a discordance in understanding of the clinical facilitator role by educators and students. Students tended to focus on skills and knowledge without consideration of the broader nursing profession. The clinical facilitator’s ability to role model and influence is seen as a “hidden curriculum” that students are largely unaware of. The clinical facilitator role is complex, with education critical in supporting this role and thus the success of students. Illumination of the hidden nursing curriculum would enable better understanding of the clinical facilitator role in engaging students with the varying requirements of the nursing profession.

Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Aungsuroch et al.

Rosa García-Sierra, J. Fernández-castro, F. Martínez-Zaragoza

AIM To critically review empirical research about work engagement in nursing and to synthesise the findings to better understand this construct. BACKGROUND Empirical research shows that engagement is positively related to work performance, workers' health and client loyalty in different professions. It is, therefore, necessary to increase our understanding about engagement in nursing. EVALUATION An integrative literature search was conducted to identify articles and studies on work engagement in nursing that were published between January 1990 and December 2013 in the following databases: PsycINFO, MEDLINE and CINAHL. KEY ISSUES The factors that influence engagement were divided into four areas of analysis: organisational antecedents; individual antecedents; and factors related to managers' leadership and outcomes of engagement. CONCLUSION There is clear evidence that the quality of care by nurses improves through engagement. However, this depends on contextual factors such as structural empowerment and social support and on dispositional factors such as efficacy and optimism. It is also evident that nurse managers are key to promoting engagement. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nursing managers and leaders may promote improvements in leadership behaviours and a context of optimism and self-efficacy as a way of increasing work engagement.

M. Alghamdi

AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a comprehensive understanding of the concept 'workload' within the nursing profession in order to arrive at a clear definition of nursing workload based on the evidence in existing literature. BACKGROUND Nursing workload is a common term used in the health literature, but often without specification of its exact meaning. Concept clarification is needed to delineate the meaning of the term 'nursing workload'. METHOD A concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's method to clarify the defining attributes of nursing workload. As the subject matter was nursing focused, only one database was searched, the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Articles that did not use 'workload' in the title or abstract were excluded. A model case, contrary case, related case and empirical referents were constructed to clarify the concept and to demonstrate how the workload is captured by the main attributes. RESULTS The attributes of nursing workload found in the literature fall into five main categories: the amount of nursing time; the level of nursing competency; the weight of direct patient care; the amount of physical exertion; and complexity of care. The attributes were organised according to the leading antecedents, which were identified as the patient, nurse and health institution. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nurse managers need to address the workload issues with regard to the real nature of nursing work; this could increase nurses' productivity, nurses' satisfaction, turnover, work stress and provide sufficient staffing to patient care needs. CONCLUSION The concept analysis demonstrated clearly the complexity of the concept and its implications for practice and research. It is believed that the current concept analysis will help to provide a better understanding of nursing workload and contribute towards the standardisation of the nursing workload and the development of a valid and reliable measurement system.