Hasil untuk "History of Northern Europe. Scandinavia"

Olav Tysdal

Artikkelen handler om innvandrere som kom til en liten norsk industriby og omlandet rundt fra siste fjerdedel av 1800-tallet og fram til andre verdenskrig. Dataene er hentet fra de offisielle folketellingene i perioden. Av de i alt 626 fremmede som kom i løpet av disse 70 årene, bodde 336 i Høyland og 290 i Sandnes. I alle tellingene hadde ladestedet, relativt sett, flest fremmede. De fem viktigste opprinnelseslandene var Sverige, Danmark, USA, Tyskland og England. Variasjonen var størst i 1946, med 8 forskjellige land representert i Sandnes og 12 i Høyland. Alderssammensetningen – de første tiårene dominerte barn og yngre voksne – fikk etter hvert et noe mer alderdommelig preg. Av flere ulike motiver for å komme til området peker jakten på et levebrød seg ut som det viktigste. De fremmede fant seg arbeid i en rekke ulike bransjer og yrker. Noen kom fordi de var ettertraktede eksperter, mens flertallet var det vi kan kalle vanlige arbeidsfolk. Etter disse var etterspørselen stadig økende, særlig i de ekspanderende håndverks- og industribedriftene dominert av teglverk og potteri, tekstil og sykkel- og møbelproduksjon. De fremmede bidro også i kulturlivet. For eksempel var det to brødre fra England som introduserte fotballsporten i Sandnes i 1908, og som dessuten var aktive musikere i en årrekke.

Arwen Thysse

Dirk Gindt

Grounded in performance theories and Indigenous methodologies, this essay focuses on the 2021 solemn service in Uppsala Cathedral, when the Church of Sweden apologized for its historical complicity in the colonization of Sápmi. The essay discusses key rhetorical features of the Archbishop’s apology and analyses how the service incorporated Sámi visual, material, oral, and performance cultures. Of specific interest are five Sámi testimonies about settler colonialism and artist Anders Sunna’s redesign of the sanctuary. To tease out the contextual specificities (and limitations) of the apology and situate it as part of unfolding decolonial processes across the circumpolar North, the essay draws selective comparisons to Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission and former Prime Minister Stephen Harper’s 2008 formal apology to First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Peoples.

Frederike Felcht, Clemens Räthel

Wolfgang Müller-Funk

Unlike other great novels on the decline and fall of the Habsburg Empire, such as Radetzkymarsch by Joseph Roth or Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften by Robert Musil, Winder's novels on this subject matter reveal a strong matriarchal determination of male protagonists which, however, is broken down in many ways. In Der Thronfolger (1937), the neurotic agility of the Austrian heir to the throne is actually an implant, or even a loan from female mother figures (including his wife) of the novel, which themselves have in turn adopted many compensational behaviour patterns originating from their fathers. Even stronger oedipal motives are exposed in the power-obsessed, capitalist siege of a small Bohemia town by Adam Dupic, a mysterious foreigner, in Winder's 1927 novel Die nachgeholten Freuden. Both novels can thus be read as a specific version of the 'Habsburg complex', displaying yet another aspect of the fragility of the modern condition in Central Europe.

Vanessa K. Iacocca

ABSTRACT: This article examines the cultivation of saga-sites as lieux de mémoire by Icelandic national poet Jónas Hallgrímsson (1807–1845) and its ideological impact on the Icelandic nationalist movement. Fusing saga and landscape, cultural memory and place, in his poetry, Hallgrímsson reimagines sites from the Íslendingasögur as encapsulations of an Icelandic national spirit, access points to a past golden age, and catalysts of revitalization and political change. In doing so, Hallgrímsson contributed to the nationalist ideology that garnered widespread support for Icelandic nationalism and furnished Icelandic politicians with justifications for increased autonomy. Danish nationalists felt that the cultural past embedded within Iceland crossed national boundaries. The Danish state’s indebtedness to distinctly Icelandic contributions for their own nation-building arguably made Danish politicians amenable to arguments for greater Icelandic sovereignty.

Jackson Crawford

Lars Gaute Jøssang

Langer, J.

This paper aims to explain the eschatological outbreak that occurred during the X century in Scandinavia and northern Europe, which gave rise to a great iconography of Ragnarok, stemmed primarily from the Old Norse mythology. Our basic hypothesis is that various astronomical phenomena which occurred during in the VIII and IX centuries (total eclipses of the sun and passages of comets, both related to the constellation of Wolf?s Jaw - the Hyades) have aroused in the Nordic man his eschatological fears, impelling him to create a large amount apocalyptic images close of the year 1000 AD. We identified thirteen celestial phenomena (comet passages and total eclipses of the Sun) that may have been collected in the construction of the Ragnarok image among the ancient Norsemen. Our main methodology is the Cultural Astronomy, coupled with the prospects of the cultural history of myths. Aided by several studies on medieval astronomical folklore, especially those related to comets and eclipses. We also use some recent research on the theme of celestial myths and Old Norse Astronomy developed by European and American scholars, such as Gisli Sigur?sson, Thomas DuBois, Christan Etheridge and Dorian Knight.

Julie K. Allen

ABSTRACT: In highly secular, largely ethnically homogeneous modern Denmark, migrant churches—defined as independent Christian religious congregations with services conducted in a language other than Danish—facilitate social engagement, networking, and cultural fusion for newcomers to Denmark through the affirmation of multiculturalism and religious diversity, thereby challenging the equation of integration with sameness that is common in Scandinavia. Based on oral histories collected between 2015 and 2017 from a dozen African Christian women in Copenhagen and Aarhus who are active members of three different migrant churches, this article analyzes first-hand immigrant experiences with migrant churches as vectors of integration and identity formation for newcomers to Denmark.

Karl Corino

Marcel Ištván

This article describes the theoretical basis, set-up and the conclusions of a research aimed at finding text-optimization techniques which would increase the comprehension and better the attitudes towards a text to make it more comprehensible to the reader. Effects of the same text manipulations were observed in two languages – Dutch and Slovak. Also the importance of the language background and the eventual existence of prior knowledge were investigated. For this research two texts were selected, namely the instructions provided with the tax declaration form and an instruction manual provided with a digital camera. The texts were optimized and rewritten into two variants. A simple approach, usable by not linguistically educated professionals, is based on the principle of rewriting the text into a dialogue. The more elaborate and time consuming approach is based on linguistic analysis and a more distinctive typographic rearrangement of the text. The main conclusion that can be drawn is that the simple rewrite-to-dialogue approach did mostly deliver the same or even better results than the more elaborate text manipulation. The effect on improving the ability to answer questions about information in the text proved to be language independent, and the importance of prior knowledge was confirmed.

Helge Salvesen

Martin Mostýn

The article deals with the online communication between doctors and patients in German as well as the communication among patients in terms of the use of medical expressions. Extracts taken from various patients forums focusing on the skin disorder called Pityriasis rosea (Röschenflechte in German) will be used to analyse what contextual modifications occur in the relevant medical terminology, especially in the description of the aforementioned skin disorder and its symptoms, how it is used by experts as well as patients, and which textual or extralinguistic factors influence their usage.

Frederike Felcht

The contribution delves into the history of the term "biopolitics" and explains main features of the concept, focusing on the 'government of life#. An exemplary reading of August Strindberg’s I havsbandet ("By the Open Sea", 1890) illuminates the potentials of biopolitical perspectives on literary texts. Strindberg’s novel negotiates the possibilities and boundaries of the government of life in particular, including the government of individuals as well as the government of collectives. In this context, sex or sexuality plays an important role.

Gunner Lind

Pfahl-Traughber, Armin

Kristýna Cimalová, Irena Dudová, Martina Frolcová et al.

Ursula Lindqvist

ABSTRACT: Sånger från andra våningen [Songs from the Second Floor] was Roy Andersson’s first feature film in 25 years when it won the Special Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 2000. It exemplifies the maturation of a distinctive filmmaking style Andersson developed in two and half decades of making shorts and advertising films and testifies to his decades-long engagement with Peruvian modernist César Vallejo’s poetry. Andersson is known for his contentious relationship with Sweden’s film establishment, and his critiques of Nordic contemporary filmmakers parallel Vallejo’s similarly pointed critiques, in 1930s Paris, of the so-called “revolutionary” agenda of French Surrealists. The formal correspondences between Vallejo’s modernist poetry and Andersson’s “trivialist” cinema are likewise striking. In this essay, I argue that the spectre of Vallejo has so informed the development of Andersson’s distinctive vision and style as a filmmaker that an investigation of the interart correspondences between this unlikely pairing of avantgardists is overdue.