Hasil untuk "Folklore"

D. Dias, S. Urban, U. Roessner

Historically, natural products have been used since ancient times and in folklore for the treatment of many diseases and illnesses. Classical natural product chemistry methodologies enabled a vast array of bioactive secondary metabolites from terrestrial and marine sources to be discovered. Many of these natural products have gone on to become current drug candidates. This brief review aims to highlight historically significant bioactive marine and terrestrial natural products, their use in folklore and dereplication techniques to rapidly facilitate their discovery. Furthermore a discussion of how natural product chemistry has resulted in the identification of many drug candidates; the application of advanced hyphenated spectroscopic techniques to aid in their discovery, the future of natural product chemistry and finally adopting metabolomic profiling and dereplication approaches for the comprehensive study of natural product extracts will be discussed.

Andrew A. Christie

C. Gardiner

Nurjannah Nurjannah, Intan Zuhra , Muhammad Darwis et al.

This study investigated the effectiveness of integrating Acehnese folklore Amat Rahmanyang into an Augmented Reality (AR) based learning environment to enhance English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking skills. Despite growing evidence supporting AR in language learning, Indonesia has explored the pedagogical integration of culturally grounded content, particularly local folklore from underrepresented communities like Aceh. This mixed methods study involved 25 first-grade students at SMA IT Al-Uswah, Sigli, Indonesia. It employed a one-group quasi-experimental design, combining pre-test and post-test assessments with thematic analysis of student interviews. The intervention utilized an AR application featuring the Acehnese tale of Amat Rahmanyang, delivered through interactive 3D animations, audio narration, and visual storytelling tasks. Speaking performance was evaluated using a CEFR-based analytic rubric. Quantitative findings indicated a significant improvement in students’ speaking scores, with mean scores rising from 10.24 (A2 level) to 17.00 (B1 level), confirmed by a paired sample t-test (t = 15.89, p < 0.001). Qualitative data revealed increased learner confidence, enhanced cultural engagement, and greater awareness of pronunciation and vocabulary use. Students expressed that familiarity with the folklore made speaking tasks more meaningful and reduced anxiety. The study concludes that integrating culturally familiar stories within AR-enhanced instruction provides not only linguistic benefits but also emotional and cultural relevance, fostering a more engaging and effective learning environment.

Omar Antolín-Camarena, Tobias Barthel

We give a proof of the folklore theorem, attributed to Goodwillie, that there are precisely nine model structures on the category $\mathsf{Set}$ of sets. This result is deduced from a complete study of lifting problems and the ensuing classification of all weak factorization systems on $\mathsf{Set}$. Moreover, we determine the Quillen equivalences between these model structures and exhibit an explicit example of equivalent model structures that cannot be realized by a single Quillen adjunction.

Salima Bennour & Ayeb Fatma Zohra

Abstract: This study explores the origins and unique characteristics of the novel genre by tracing its roots to ancient Arabic storytelling traditions such, as fable, folklore and classic works like One Thousand and One Nights. The fantastical novel embraces elements of the supernatural, impossible and marvelous breaking away from realism in favor of storytelling. Early Arabic narratives featuring gods, jinns, magic and transformations sparked a sense of awe. Wonder, laying the groundwork for the emergence of fantastical Arabic literature. Influenced by climates and a desire to explore forms rooted in Arab Islamic heritage contemporary Arab writers have incorporated techniques, like irony, exaggeration, distortion, intertextuality and mystical themes into their works. The fantastical genre has provided a platform for authors to express dissenting views and suppressed desires through allegories. By examining these origins, we can shed light on the features and progression of this imaginative literary genre. Keywords : Arabic narrative, fantastic novel, supernatural, fable, folktales

Lior Bary-Soroker, David Hokken, Gady Kozma et al.

Let $f$ be sampled uniformly at random from the set of degree $n$ polynomials whose coefficients lie in $\{ \pm 1\}$. A folklore conjecture, known to hold under GRH, states that the probability that $f$ is irreducible tends to $1$ as $n$ goes to infinity. We prove unconditionally that $$\limsup_{n \to \infty} \mathbb{P}(f \text{ is irreducible}) = 1.$$

Leon Menger

Mostly self-contained script on functorial topological quantum field theories. These notes give a slow introduction to the basic notions of category theory which serve a closer investigation of cobordisms and (commutative) Frobenius algebras. In the fourth chapter the axiomatic definition of TQFTs is motivated and some folklore results about the equivalence of (symmetric) monoidal functors and (commutative) Frobenius algebras are proven. The script can serve as material for an introductory course.

Kaiqi Zhang, Ming Yin, Yu-Xiang Wang

Quantized neural networks have drawn a lot of attention as they reduce the space and computational complexity during the inference. Moreover, there has been folklore that quantization acts as an implicit regularizer and thus can improve the generalizability of neural networks, yet no existing work formalizes this interesting folklore. In this paper, we take the binary weights in a neural network as random variables under stochastic rounding, and study the distribution propagation over different layers in the neural network. We propose a quasi neural network to approximate the distribution propagation, which is a neural network with continuous parameters and smooth activation function. We derive the neural tangent kernel (NTK) for this quasi neural network, and show that the eigenvalue of NTK decays at approximately exponential rate, which is comparable to that of Gaussian kernel with randomized scale. This in turn indicates that the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) of a binary weight neural network covers a strict subset of functions compared with the one with real value weights. We use experiments to verify that the quasi neural network we proposed can well approximate binary weight neural network. Furthermore, binary weight neural network gives a lower generalization gap compared with real value weight neural network, which is similar to the difference between Gaussian kernel and Laplace kernel.

Aleksandra Krzyżaniak

References to fear are often associated with narratives created by right-wing parties and media, especially while talking about issues such as gender, LGBTQIA+ or abortion. However, similar practices can be found in centre-liberal discourse, proving that the creation and reproduction of the dialectic of fear can apply to all agents, no matter their political affiliation. The article aims to challenge popular academic perceptions of the sources of fear by proposing a counterperspective that means to shift perception on agents of polarisation. Used examples focus on contemporary Polish mainstream centre-liberal newspapers which reproduce fear in their narrative, adding to both local and worldwide phenomena of political polarisation and radicalisation.

Marina V. Ayusheeva, Tsymzhit P. Vanchikova

Introduction. The introduction of new sources characterizing traditions of Buryat chronicle writing into scientific circulation remains an urgent task of Mongolian studies. Dozens of works and their various copies and editions are still there to be explored. The article precedes a further study and translation of a voluminous historical chronicle of the Aga and Khori Buryats. Goals. The study attempts a brief overview of the chronicle’s contents and approaches some peculiarities traced in its text. Materials and methods. The analysis of Rabzhi Sanzhiev’s writing involves a wide range of Buryat historical works — both chronicles and archival documents. The historical comparative and chronological methods prove instrumental in systematizing the data contained, while tools of textual and source studies have made it possible to delineate the author’s text proper. Results. The work identifies an extensive range of sources and the chronicle’s structure according to which R. Sanzhiev’s narrative be conventionally divided into a number of large sections, namely: Shirab-Nimbu Khobituev’s chronicle; copies of official documents; historical works by T. Toboev, D. Zayaev, S. Vandanov, A. Ochirov; and the author’s text. Conclusions. R. Sanzhiev’s writing is a major work of the historical documentary genre. The author undertook painstaking efforts to meticulously clarify data included in Shirab-Nimbu Khobituev’s chronicle and supplement certain facts and data, introduce additional findings from various sources. The continuation of Khobituev’s chronicle — despite the compiled facts are fragmented enough — acts as an independent composition. Archival documents on the history of Buryat self-governance and Buddhism, folklore texts, chronicles and legends included by the author into the narrative are of particular value.

Hang Yuan

In the setting of the non-archimedean SYZ mirror construction (arXiv:2003.06106), we prove the folklore conjecture that the critical values of the mirror superpotential are the eigenvalues of the quantum multiplication by the first Chern class. Our result relies on a weak unobstructed assumption, but it is usually ensured in practice by Solomon's results on anti-symmetric Lagrangians. Lastly, we note that some explicit examples are presented in the recent work (arXiv:2206.04652).

Boris Zilber

We discuss the towers of finite étale covers which were essentially introduced by A.Tamagawa. The statement about correspondence between sections and cofinal towers is a folklore but perhaps not in a very explicit form. The last section explains how the "injectivity statement" of Grothendieck section conjecture fails for abelian varieties, which is also known in some form. The paper is based on an earlier article which was aimed to reinterpret anabelian setting in model theory terms.

Christopher Beem, Wolfger Peelaers

We make a preliminary investigation into twisted $A_{2n}$ theories of class S. Contrary to a common piece of folklore, we establish that theories of this type realise a variety of models of Argyres-Douglas type while utilising only regular punctures. We present an in-depth analysis of all twisted $A_2$ trinion theories, analyse their interrelations via partial Higgsing, and discuss some of their generalised S-dualities.

María Amelia Linari, Alejandro Daín, María Lidia Ruíz et al.

Innovative technologies bring great possibilities of increasing human well-being. However, technological progress does not guarantee equitable health outcomes. While technological advances define the way in which people, systems and information interact, communities with fewer resources tend to be left excluded, and that will subsequently have an impact on quality. Publications explain that in communities where technological solutions have been imposed, there has later been abandoned equipment, software that is incompatible and frustrated management policies. Nevertheless, there are some cases of general technological implementations that undermine equity, justice and human rights. For example, the use of high technology in medical interventions as preventive measures or diagnosis, the use of genes which prevent the reuse of crop seeds allowed for consuming, and many more. To obtain equitable results, the design and planning of the technology must respect the ethical principles, local values and their folklore, among other points. Decisions require compromise in the medium and long term and local leadership.

Yahya Maruf, Ayat Fathi Kanduleh

In contemporary literature, considering the national and patriotic themes, there are some poets who write their poems in the language of the common people not in a scientific and complex language or to show power. Seyyed Ashraf al-Din hosaini and bayram al-tunisi are outstading figures of folklore poetry in Iran and Egypt. Nasim Shomal’s colloquial poems and al-Tunisi’s colloquial mavals and zajals were successful in fulfilling the poets’ task in awakening and awaring people by the use of satire and parody. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this study aims at introducing the two poets, the conditions of their time, and their poetic language. It also compares common concepts in their poems, like criticizing the foreigners and the parliament,freedom of speech, expressing women’s problems, education and economic issues and problems, and even inviting people to resistance. It seems that the similarity in the poets’ view and thought two suggests their experience of similar conditions.

Christian Spencer Espinosa, Antonieta Contreras, Gabriel Rammsy

El presente artículo describe la historia, producción y continuidad intelectual de la Sociedad de Folklore Chileno, organismo académico fundado en 1909, pionero en el estudio del folclore material e inmaterial en Chile. El argumento principal dice que la producción de esta Sociedad tuvo continuidad por medio de diversas revistas, legando un concepto de folclore que mezcla la tradición inglesa (material) y alemana (inmaterial) sobre el “saber popular”. El texto ofrece primero una descripción de la conformación de la Sociedad para luego reseñar el concepto de folclore desprendido de sus primeros años fundacionales. Posteriormente se analiza la continuidad de sus publicaciones considerando la productividad de sus miembros en el tiempo y, finalmente, se delinean algunas conclusiones iniciales acerca de su aporte a la investigación sobre folclore chileno así como a la visibilización de una red etnográfica de colaboradores en el campo de la música tradicional.

R. Samy, S. Ignacimuthu

Azam Asanjarani, Yoni Nazarathy

Folklore often treats the Markov Modulated Poisson Process as bursty because the variance divided by the expectation of counts is greater than unity. When viewed through the lens of the inter-event process, this ideally corresponds to a squared coefficient of variation greater than unity. As this has not been proved to date, we provide a proof together with an associated stochastic order relation.

I Nyoman Suaka

The purpose of this article is to examine Tuwung Kuning (Yellow Egg Plant) folklore based on the feminist approach. The object of the study is the drama script and performance Tuwung Kuning recording. Data were analysed with hermeneutic method, namely the interpretation of text both written and audiovisual texts. The results of the study show that the manuscripts and theater express the theme of domestic violence. The female character of the story, Tuwung Kuning, is very weak and in an oppressed conditions. The bullying was carried out by the husband and by environmental conditions of a gambler family. The female character was powerless and oppressed by male-based power of patriarchy, even though in a state of old pregnancy, when giving birth and caring for the child. She was threatened, terrorized and killed. This condition is very contrary to the spirit of feminism that fights for gender equality so that the position of women is equal to men. The change in the fate of this female character is not by herself, but by an angel, as a fortune.