Hasil untuk "Metaphysics"

Mark P. Fusco

Emmanuel Ofuasia

Abstract African conceptions of reality have been judged by some African scholars to be starkly different from the mainstream and dominant substance metaphysics that operates in the Euro-American philosophic tradition. These scholars stress relationality and becoming with the understanding that reality is a web of interconnected activities. In addition, some of them also articulate how classical logic and laws of thought are not helpful for properly understanding the concepts of reality in African thought. In this article, I limit my assessment to four of these African scholars: Innocent Asouzu, Mogobe Ramose, Sophie Oluwole, and Ada Agada. I uncover how the two chief contentions among them—emphasis on reality as becoming and the limitations of classical logic—for expressing reality are neither entirely unheard of nor limited to African metaphysics, as these two themes are also present in Alfred North Whitehead's philosophy of organism. But none of these thinkers are familiar with Whitehead and his works. I argue for why process metaphysics and African metaphysics share a similar history of misrepresentation and rejection as well as how an alternative system of logic is central for making sense of the contentions of these traditions.

Bettina Bergo

Kenneth Knies

Anna Marmodoro

The conclusion brings together the interpretative results argued for in the preceding chapters, and highlights the main original claims of the book, concerning Plato’s metaphysics of objects and properties, and of causation, and its (hitherto underinvestigated) dependence on Anaxagoras’s metaphysics. It focuses on Plato’s metaphysics of participation by overlap; his conception of constitutional causation; his account of relationality as qualification, rather than as relatedness; and his account of necessity and the normativity of transcendent Forms.

Christopher Frugé

Abstract This chapter develops a style of argument that realists can use to defend the methodological propriety of appealing to a given range of intuitions. Unbunking arguments are an epistemically positive analogue of debunking arguments, and they revolve around the claim that the processes dominantly responsible for beliefs about a given domain are reliable. However, processes cannot always be assessed for accuracy with respect to the relevant domain, so this chapter also develops the cross-domain strategy, which involves arguing that processes known to be reliable in one domain are similarly reliable with respect to a different domain. The chapter ends by unbunking our metaphysical intuitions about mutual supervenience by way of a cross-domain strategy that draws on cognitive scientific research into our ability to track correlations.

Andrew Janiak

Samuel Newlands

This chapter explores some of Spinoza’s metaphysical views in light of recent discussions in contemporary analytic metaphysics. It focuses on monism, metaphysical dependence, and modality, arguing in each case that Spinoza has interesting, distinctive, and relevant contributions to make to contemporary debates. The chapter highlights the ways Spinoza’s views overlap and diverge from contemporary analogs, shedding light on both contemporary views and Spinoza’s own. It also discusses Spinoza’s commitments to systematicity and explanatory naturalism in metaphysics, and it shows how some of his conclusions flow from these commitments. The chapter begins with a brief overview on how long-dead philosophers can be relevant for contemporary philosophy.

Samuel Manuel Cabanchik

Vincent Colapietro

Aristotle

Walter E. Wehrle