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CrossRef 2023
The role and importance of play in physiotherapy

University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, Anita TÓVIZI, Antonia KINCZEL et al.

Play is one of the human condition, as it accompanies us throughout our lives. The developmental role of play is used in many areas, education and training being no exception. In this article, the role and importance of toys in physical education sessions for pupils in the specialised teaching service who are in physical education are examined. The research included 120 students from schools in Hajdúböszörmény and Hajdúdorog, who are part of the Hajdúböszörmény branch of the Hajdú-Bihar County Pedagogical Service and are classified as students in physical education. We were looking for answers to questions such as what sports or movement games they play in PE sessions, how much they like them and how motivated they are by playing them. The results of the research confirm that the positive personality of the physical education teacher, the colourful toolbox and the methods he uses, such as the use of movement games, motivate pupils to actively participate in physical education lessons. By exploiting the motivational role of games, both children's attitudes towards physical education and their activity in class can be shaped. According to the pupils who participated in the sessions, it was found that they felt the positive benefits of the PE sessions in terms of performance, fitness and resilience and self-confidence.

CrossRef 2018
Historical Writing in Central Europe (Bohemia, Hungary, Poland), c.950–1400

Nora Berend

This chapter examines how, in Central Europe, historical writing emerged in connection to intertwined political and religious change between the late tenth and twelfth centuries: the establishment of polities and Christianization introduced by rulers. An ecclesiastical organization and personnel along with the rulers' patronage were the preconditions for local historiography. The correlation was not simply chronological; in its aims and themes, historical writing expressed and supported the power of Christian rulers and the new religion. Annals, gesta, chronicles, and saints' lives were produced, inspired by Western models, with Bohemian and Hungarian hagiography also incorporating Byzantine influences. The authors of almost all the texts were ecclesiastics, immigrants or locals, with laymen appearing exceptionally in the fourteenth century.

CrossRef 2008
Empire and Kingdoms: Hungary and Bohemia in the Monarchy, 1741–1871

R. J. W. Evans

AbstractThis chapter presents an essay on the relationship between Hungary and Bohemia during the period from 1741 to 1871. It provides a chronological background starting with the state-building process when Hungary and Bohemia went their markedly different ways but interacted significantly with each other at the cultural and political centre. This essay suggests that the effective cooperation between Bohemian and Hungarian peripheries against the Austrian centre is one of the great might-have-beens in the history of Central Europe.

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