El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre la gestión financiera y la competitividad de las empresas turísticas ubicadas en la frontera colombo-venezolana, en el contexto de una economía globalizada. El estudio se fundamenta en autores como Loring y Montero (2004), Gitman (2007), Ferraz, Román y Cibrán (2013), Mora (2007), Porter (2005) y Sarmiento, Sánchez y Ceuz (2009), entre otros. Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo descriptivo y correlacional, utilizando encuestas aplicadas a gerentes y administradores financieros. Los resultados evidencian una correlación significativa entre la planificación financiera y la competitividad, lo que respalda los planteamientos teóricos y destaca la importancia de una gestión financiera estratégica para el éxito organizacional en el sector turístico fronterizo.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Luis Fernando Salazar Monsalve, Beatriz Herrera López , Rodolfo Noé Pérez Diaz
et al.
En el Estado de Puebla se experimentó la industrialización de las zonas rurales mediante la estrategia de polos de desarrollo que promovió la instalación de empresas del sector secundario como la Armadora de automóviles Audi-Volkswagen. El objetivo fue analizar la viabilidad del turismo en territorios rurales de la región conformada por los municipios de Nopalucan, Rafael Lara Grajales y San José Chiapa, como estrategia de desarrollo que permita incrementar el bienestar de la comunidad local, a partir de la puesta en valor de su patrimonio cultural y natural. La metodología es mixta: por una parte, el enfoque cuantitativo, permitió la valoración de la región a partir de un análisis y sistematización de recursos, atractivos, infraestructura y superestructura turística; lo cualitativo se articuló a partir del análisis sistémico, instrumental y organizacional, factor que determinó la viabilidad del turismo rural. En los resultados se destaca que la región posee un potencial del 65.25% para implementar el turismo rural en el territorio, de igual forma, se destaca que mediante acuerdos comunitarios es posible contrarrestar y resistir los embates de la industrialización de la región.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Urbanization and tourism have been two primary development processes in Western societies and worldwide for over a century, and they have continuously and reciprocally impacted one another. In other words, the development process involves several aspects that ensure the competitiveness and attractiveness of cities, with the primary one being the promotion of urban tourism. Cities may use urban tourism as a strategic tool to support economic development, showcase their cultural, natural, and identity assets, and maintain their worldwide visibility. Tourism was once considered to be synonymous with spare time spent in natural spaces outdoors such as mountains, beaches, woods, or deserts.Given the cityscape is the first image that forms in the minds of tourists, it is not separated from their perceptions. Thus, it must unquestionably be preserved, promoted, and improved. Every city, as Florent Hebert poses, has unique opportunities to shape its landscape, which is nourished by the patterns and rhythms of the past. To provide the users with the chance to create a distinctive image of the city, the landscape capacity that the city uses—the sea, river, forest, historical monuments, etc.—should be taken into consideration as assets and prioritized initiatives. The city leverages its unique perspective to differentiate itself and address the challenges of identity, aesthetics, functionality, and economy over the years. Since the distinctive and unique character of the cityscape becomes an influential factor in dynamism and competition, it can be argued that improving the quality of the urban landscape is considered a strategy for the development and promotion of sustainable tourism. Global experiences also highlight the importance of the role of the urban landscape in city tourism.The natural landscape of the city: Rebirth of the Cheonggyecheon River in the heart of Seoul, a landmark project to improve the global image of KoreaThe industrial landscape of the city: the vast area of Emsherpark and its sensitive territory in the Rhur basin, as a bridge between nature and culture in Germany.The historical landscape of the city: the coastal walkway of the Gulf of Al-Jazeera, the continuation of the image of a land rich in history and its scenery in AlgeriaIn Iran, however, things are a little different. In the development process, tourism and urban landscape operate separately, which has limited the development of tourism to specific historical buildings and nature tourism outside the city, and other capacities in the field of landscape have been neglected. The drawback of such an approach made social and public institutions withdraw rather than leverage the benefits of tourism development, which happen to be mostly situated in deprived and underprivileged areas. Southern tourism is one of the most obvious examples; travelers of Qeshm pay less attention to the meaningful and formative components of the land. That might explain why the local people's share of the benefits from this tourism is very limited. In terms of the landscape, in Qeshm territory, what is seen now is the supremacy of emotional space over perceptual one. Put another way, the Qeshm landscape has established separate identity groups that provide visitors with transient, emotional, visual, and fleeting attractions rather than connected identity groups reflecting the many elements of the Qeshm landscape. Such a procedure will harm tourism in cities by reducing it to individual outings and shallow examinations.
Economic growth, development, planning, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
Elena Puiggròs, Joan-Francesc Fondevila-Gascón, Marta Bosch-Vilarrubias
et al.
Los indicadores de calidad en empresas y organizaciones turísticas alcanzan aspectos diversos. Uno de los que está creciendo con fuerza es el uso del lenguaje inclusivo, que denota buenas prácticas. Esta investigación presenta como objetivo principal analizar el lenguaje inclusivo en la información turística de Barcelona a través de los diferentes apartados de web de Turisme de Barcelona, organismo público que proyecta la imagen de la ciudad condal como destino turístico. Asimismo, se pretende informar sobre qué tipos de elementos del lenguaje inclusivo se aplican en la web mencionada y manifestar que es conveniente el empleo de este tipo de lenguaje. La metodología empleada en este estudio de caso es de carácter cualitativo, basándose en la creación de una checklist y el análisis de contenido. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que en la información turística en la web de Turisme de Barcelona el lenguaje inclusivo es prácticamente nulo, casi inexistente. Se concluye la necesidad de intensificar el esfuerzo de la web en inclusividad.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Introduction: Green innovation is an important driving force for reducing pollution and achieving high-quality development. Environmental factors are important external variables that affect innovation and are crucial to innovation development. There is a close relationship between environmental quality and green innovation performance. This paper takes the single environmental factor and combination of environmental factors of environmental quality heterogeneity as the explanatory variables, the traffic scale, economic scale, industrial scale and consumption scale as the control variables, and the per capita GDP of each city as the threshold variable, and calculates the impact of the single environmental factor and combination of environmental quality factors on the green innovation performance of 286 cities in China under different per capita GDP thresholds.Methods: We used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Threshold Regression model to measure the relationship between environmental quality and green innovation.Results: 1) under different thresholds, a single environmental factor has different impacts on the comprehensive level of innovation drive in Chinese cities. Comparing the single environmental factor under different threshold values of per capita GDP, when the per capita GDP is low, attention should be paid to improving the centralized treatment rate of urban sewage treatment plants and the comprehensive utilization rate of general industrial solid waste; When the per capita GDP is high, the harmless treatment rate of domestic waste, the centralized treatment rate of sewage treatment plants, the green coverage rate of the built-up area, and the green area can all have different promotion effects on the driving capacity of cities along the line. 2) Under different thresholds, the elasticity coefficient of the total ecological environment, the total ecological environment has a relatively obvious promoting effect on the innovation-driven development of cities along the line, but this promoting effect shows a further weakening trend with the increase of per capita GDP.Conclusion: This study helps to explain environmental quality and green innovation, which is important for promoting sustainable economic development. The government should control environmental pollution and introduce laws and policies to ensure innovation.
AbstractAgritourism can promote socio-cultural values in rural areas by creating new job opportunities, helping to preserve the environment, and reversing rural-urban migration flows. However, studies have shown that this type of tourism in Iran has not yet become acceptable for development. The aim of this research was to identify the barriers to and facilitators of sustainable development of agro-tourism in the west of Mazandaran Province based on an exploratory sequential mixed (qualitative-quantitative) method. First, 21 experts in the field of agritourism were purposefully selected from the quality departments of various organizations through semi-structured interviews. After collecting the necessary information, 120 indicators were extracted by using Conventional Content Analysis (CCA), which were then categorized in 8 socio-cultural, physical-physical, political-legal, management, intellectual infrastructure, communication-advertising, participatory, and marketing dimensions. The statistical population in the quantitative section included 69 rural residents in the western villages of Mazandaran Province, who were selected via a multi-stage method. To analyze the data, force field analysis was done by using SPSSwin20 and Pathmakerver5.5 software. The results showed that the outcomes of the deterrent forces of all the 8 factors were higher than those of the promoters, which revealed infeasibility of the sustainable development of agritourism. For each factor, the strongest facilitator and obstacle were identified and introduced. In conclusion, it should be said that it is necessary to facilitate agritourism development by strengthening the driving forces and removing obstacles to reach the equilibrium point and ultimately sustainability. Extended abstractIntroduction: Agritourism is an activity to attract tourists to an area in order to diversify agricultural activities and receive tourists on farms. Most countries of the world have considered this type of tourism as a new strategy for socio-economic development, revitalization, and reconstruction of rural areas. Agricultural tourism is a value-added product that introduces additional revenues from production lands and farm brands to customers. This is an opportunity to create a loyal consumer basis for all agricultural products. This type of tourism can provide farmers with economic incentives so as to maintain their agricultural lands and the related natural resources. Despite the advantages and benefits of agritourism, it can cause environmental degradation, illegal construction, destruction of wildlife, dispersal of plant species, spread of wastes, and loss of local culture quality in the absence of proper educational promotion among farmers, residents, and tourists. Hence, in their tourism development studies, experts and thinkers from different countries have emphasized the importance and necessity of paying attention to sustainability in the tourism sector. Sustainable tourism development is a type of development, in which the balance of the values and quality of ethics with economic principles and advantages is maintained and efforts are made to replace the balanced development with a purely economical comprehensive development. Studies have shown that agritourism, especially in the west of Mazandaran Province, has not been very prosperous and there are no specific programs and actions for its development to be considered by the relevant organizations and officials. Therefore, this issue was addressed in the present study so as to identify the facilitators of and barriers to this type of sustainable development. Methodology: This research was conducted based on an exploratory sequential mixed (qualitative-quantitative) method. In the first stage, i.e., the qualitative part, the obstacles to and promoters of agricultural tourism development were identified through semi-structured interviews with 21 tourism experts from various organizations. Selection of the experts was done based on a purposeful method. The results of the qualitative part finally led to identifying 50 indicators and 70 deterrents, which were categorized in the 8 socio-cultural, physical-physical, political-legal, managerial, communication-advertising, intellectual infrastructure, participatory, and marketing factors based on their natures in order to conduct the quantitative part of the research by assessing each of the drivers and inhibitors of agritourism development in the form of a questionnaire. The questions were based on a 5-part Likert scale. In this part, a force field analysis was utilized. This method is a technique for identifying and analyzing the forces that affect a problem situation. The statistical population included a small part of rural villagers living in the west of Mazandaran Province. Due to the population dispersion and extent of distribution, a multi-stage method was applied for sampling, through which 69 general villagers were employed to complete the questionnaire. The obtained data were coded, analyzed, and described based on the force field analysis method using SPSSWIN20 and Pathmakerver5.5 software. Results: The following results were achieved for the current situation assessed by the driving and restraining forces related to the 8 mentioned factors affecting agritourism sustainability in the studied area: The highest scores of the physical-physical driving factors and barriers were related to the indices of the region's susceptibility to planning of and investment in agritourism and the tendencies of most people to use the private spaces of their villages in the forms of villas and private gardens, respectively. The highest scores of the political-legal driving factors and deterrents were related to the indices of providing appropriate measures to prevent the change of garden and agricultural land use to residential land use and difficulty in obtaining permits, respectively. The highest scores of management driving factors and deterrents were related to the indices of holding scientific educational workshops, personal meetings, and agricultural conferences and lack of concern for agricultural tourism among city officials, respectively. The highest scores of communication-advertising factors and barriers were related to the indices of timely information for holding agricultural exhibitions and weak advertisement for identifying agritourism capabilities in the region, respectively. The highest scores of the factors promoting and hindering the intellectual infrastructure were related to the indices of academic attention to agriculture and existence of a university unit in the province and lack of indigenous people’s education in the different surrounding regions, respectively. The highest scores of the participatory drivers and deterrents were related to the indices of villagers and indigenous peoples’ participations in the tourist guidance program and weak participation of travel agencies in agricultural tourism, respectively. Finally, the highest scores of marketing drivers and deterrents were related to the indices of tourist demand for agricultural tourism purposes and local organic products and lack of local people and tourists’ knowledge of the market and its capacities, respectively. The results of the obtained scores revealed that out of the 8 factors of promotion and deterrence in the mentioned dimensions, the scores of the deterrents were higher, indicating that the deterrents were stronger in the current situation. In general, agriculture in the current situation in western Mazandaran was associated with more obstacles and greater deterrents. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the outcome scores of the deterrent forces were higher than those of the driving forces, and thus, the deterrent forces were stronger than the driving forces in the current situation. This indicated that sustainable development of agricultural tourism in the studied area was not possible based on the present driving factors. Therefore, according to the suggestions and solutions presented for each factor in the section of suggestions, it is necessary to strengthen the driving forces and weaken the inhibitors, the end-result of which will be agritourism sustainability. Keywords: sustainable development, agritourism, facilitator, force field analysis References:- Anderson, J. R. (2003). Risk management in rural development: A review of the Rural Development Family. The World Bank’s Rural Development Strategy, 20(3), 4-14.- Altinay, M. & Kashif, H. (2015). Sustainable tourism development: a case study of North. Journal of Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 37-52.- Arachi, D. J. (2017). Agri-tourism: Family Style. Cornhusker Economics, University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension, 4(2), 1-25.- Baulcomb, J. S. (2003). Management of Change through Force Field Analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 11(3), 80-275.- Bahatta, K., Itagaki, M., & Ohe, Y. (2019). Determinant Facyors of Farmer's Willingness to Start Agritourism in Rural Nepal. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 4(1), 146-167.- Bagi, F. S. & Reeder, R. J. (2012), Factors affecting farmer participation in agritourism. Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, 2(41), 189-199.- Ciolac, R., Adamov, T., Iancu, T., Popescu, G., Lile, R., Rujescu, C., & Marin, D. (2019). Agritourism: A sustainable Development Factor for Improving the Health of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Apuseni Mountains Area). International Journal of Business Tourism and Applied Sciences, 4(3), 1-24.- Clemens, R. (2014). Keeping Farmers on the Land: Agritourism in the European Union. Iowa Ag Review, 10(3), 8-9.- Calina, A., Calina, J., & Iancu. T. (2017). Research regarding the implementation, development, and impact of Agritourism on Pomania's Rural areas between 1990 and 2015. Environ. Eng. Manage, 16(4), 157-168.- Flanigan, S., Blackstock, K., & Hunter, C. (2015). Generating public and private benefits through understanding what drives different types of agritourism. Journal of Rural Studies, 41: 129-141.- Gao, J., Barbieri, C., & Valdivia, C. (2013). Agricultural landscape preferences: Implications for agritourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 3(53), 366-379.- Giaccio, V., Mastronardi. L., Marino, D., Giannelli. A., & Scardera. A. (2018). Do Rural Policies Impact on Tourism Development in Italy? A Case Study of Agritourism Employment and Income Growth from Sustainable Tourism. 10(8). 29-38.- Icoz, O., Pırnar, I., & Gunlu, E. (2010). The Agri-tourism potential of the Aegean region: SWOT analysis and suggestions for improvement. Passion for Hospitality Excellence, 14(3), 25-38.- Kumar, S. (2001). Force field analysis: applications in PRA, PLA notes.London. IIED, 199(36), 17-23.- Kisi, N. A. (2019). Strategic approach to sustainable tourism development using the a'wot hybrid method: A case study of Zonguldak, Turkey. Sustainability, 11(2), 964-983.- Lucha, C., Ferreira, G., Walker, M. A., & Groover, G. E. (2014). A Geographic Analysis of Agritourism in Virginia. Virginia Cooperative Extension, (62), 1-17.- Mahmoodi, M., Chizari, M., Kalantari, K., & Eftekhari, A. R. (2014). The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) applied to agri-tourism: A case study in coastal provinces of Iran. International Journal of Business Tourism and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 74-82.- Mohd Said, H., Chui Yee, C., & Mei Fung, O. )2012(. A SWOT analysis on agrotourism destination: A case on rural development in a small town Sekinchan Selangor, Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 1(2), 29-43.- Mak, A. H. N. and Chang, R. (2019). The driving and restraining forces for environmental strategy adoption in the hotel industry: A force field analysis approach. Tourism Management, 73, 48-60.- Parkar, P. (2015). Developing agritourism in Ratnagiri District of Konkan (Maharashtra): issues and challenges. Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 5(2), 145-152.- Rietbergen-McCracken, J. and Narayan, D. (1998). Participation and social assessment: tools and techniques. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Research Institute: N.W., Washington D. C., USA.- Su, B. (2011). Rural Tourism in China. Tourism Management, 32(6), 38-41.- Yang, L. I. (2012). Impacts and Challenges in Agritourism Development in Yunnan, China. Tourism Planning & Development. 9(4), 81-369.
As economic pillars of the karst area in south China, industrial cities located in this area play an important role in the promotion of national strategy and economic development. Karst groundwater, the main water source of industrial cities in the karst area, is vital for urban development. Therefore, studies on hydrochemical characteristics of karst groundwater and solutions to water pollution problems have always been working focuses of local governments, but little attention to the chemical problems of karst groundwater in industrial cities has been paid in previous studies. This study takes karst groundwater in Liuzhou City, Guangxi as the research object. Based on karst hydrogeological survey, a total of 119 groups of karst underground water samples were collected, including 31 groups of urban underground water samples and 88 groups of non-urban underground water samples. Using mathematical statistics, hydrochemistry method (Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio coefficient, mineral saturation index calculation), factor analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, we analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of karst groundwater in industrial cities, and carried out the quality evaluation of karst groundwater. Results show that karst groundwater in the study area is generally medium-weak alkaline water with a small amount of acidic water. The main cations are Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the main anions are HCO3- and SO42-. In terms of concentration and variation degree, karst groundwater in urban areas is larger than that in non-urban areas. In terms of water chemistry types, there are also obvious differences between the two kinds of areas, that is, water chemistry types in urban areas are mainly HCO3-Ca+Mg type, while those in non-urban areas are mainly HCO3-Ca type. The proportion of SO42- type water in urban areas is much higher than that in non-urban areas, reflecting that urban areas suffer serious pollution from more pollution sources than non-urban areas. The chemical composition of groundwater in the study area is mainly controlled by rock dissolution, industrial pollution, urban pollution and agricultural activities, with contribution rates of 31.52%, 25.15%, 18.12% and 10.74%, respectively. Dissolution factors of rock are mainly carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite, primarily from dolomite dissolution in urban areas and calcite dissolution in non-urban areas. The dissolution factors are mainly distributed in Liujiang district and northwestern Luzhai county of Liuzhou City. Industrial pollution factors are mainly distributed in Liunan district, Liubei district and other areas of Liuzhou City. The industrial pollution in these areas is related to the discharge of wastewater, waste gas and waste residue by a number of heavy industry enterprises, leading to the excessive concentration of heavy metals. Urban living pollution factors are mainly distributed in Chengzhong district, Yufeng district, Luzhai county, Liucheng county and other areas, and are related to domestic sewage discharge and domestic garbage leaching. The factors of agricultural activities are mainly distributed in Liujiang river, Luoqing river, Longjiang river and other river valleys, and are related to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural activities and the direct discharge of animal feces from breeding. Hydrochemical sensitivity indexes of different functional areas are diverse, among which the industrial area is dominated by heavy metals, agricultural area by trinitrogen, and living area by K+, Na+, Cl- and SO42-. Mineral saturation indexes show that calcite and most dolomite are saturated, while gypsum and salt rocks are dissolved. The karst groundwater quality is good as a whole, mainly I-III water, accounting for 86.29%, but the water quality varies greatly in different areas. The water quality in the urban area is poor, with the proportion of IV-V water as high as 35.48%. The places with water exceeding permitted levels are mainly distributed in Liunan district and Liubei district of Liuzhou City, and factors exceeding levels are Al, Mn, Pb, Fe and Hg. Reasons for exceeding levels are related to the discharge of "three types of waste" and geochemical background of heavy industry enterprises. The water quality in non-urban areas is better, and the proportion of IV-V water is only 6.45%. The places with water quality exceeding permitted are only distributed in Liujiang river valley and Luoqing river valley, and the factor exceeding levels is trinitrogen, which is caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
The purpose of the research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of approaches to the organization of events for the implementation of Moscow’s development programs, from the point of view of strengthening public health. Materials and methods. The methods of the study are: the integrated assessment of data of industry statistical reporting, the method of descriptive statistics, the method of content analysis. Approaches to the organization of events of the state programs of the city of Moscow, from the point of view of strengthening public health, are defined. It is shown that the state programs include areas related to strengthening public health, their implementation is carried out jointly by various departments and is of an interdepartmental nature. Urban planning policy and development of the territories of the city of Moscow is carried out in accordance with the analysis of the environmental situation, demography, and social needs of citizens. Correlation between the state of public health in Moscow according to the results of clinical examination and ongoing activities of state programs of Moscow, shows the relevance of interagency measures to enhance public health and promote a healthy lifestyle. Results. The results of medical examinations in 2017−2019 show that it is necessary to strengthen interdepartmental measures aimed at strengthening public health in the city of Moscow.
The article substantiates the essence and necessity of the use of innovative approaches to the formation and implementation of public policies of urban revitalization in the context of the latest concepts of urban development, namely: Compact City, Green City, Smart City, Creative City, Inclusive City, Cittaslow, Happy City, Learning City. The relevant proposals on the innovation policy of revitalizing cities are brought forward based on the analysis of the provisions of each of the chosen concepts. It is determined that there does not exist a single city where only one of the latest concepts of city development was implemented. In practice, we observe the multi-vectorness and combination of urban policies, which came to replace traditional sectoral views. Regarding the policy of urban revitalization, innovative approaches focus on the transformation of degraded areas into urban environments favourable for human life and activities in line with the needs and interests of their inhabitants. Revitalization should be considered both in terms of its impact on a specific degraded area and as having long-term synergetic effects on the city as a whole. It was found that the basis for innovative policies of urban revitalization is laid by human-oriented programmes of sustainable renewal of areas. The programmes are premised on taking into account a variety of concepts and combining a number of activities, specifically: organization of a compact multifunctional environment (Compact City); formation of an ecologically friendly environment for human life and activities (Green City); arrangement of urban space taking advantage of modern technologies and innovations (Smart City); creating conditions for life, activities and cooperation of creative people (Creative City); ensuring a full-fledged multidimensional inclusion of all the inhabitants (Inclusive City); realization of the internal potential of an area depending on local identity (Cittaslow); raising the level of public and individual happiness (Happy City); promotion of the culture of lifelong learning of all the inhabitants (Learning City). It is noted that innovative solutions for overcoming the crisis phenomena of degraded urban areas should be individualized depending on the local specificity and potential, the state of economic, physical, human and other capital of a particular city. In this case, the development of human capital of an area is increasingly becoming the key factor of its renewal, which presupposes organization of the inhabitants’ training, improving their qualifications and skills. It was substantiated that the revitalization policy is expedient to develop from the perspective of ensuring multiplicative impact on the development of a city as a whole. The efficiency of the policy implementation depends on the leveraging of resources (financial, intellectual, etc.) from different sources through partnerships. The main criterion of policy effectiveness is the ability of a revitalized urban area to develop sustainably, satisfying the needs of all stakeholders. Indicators of the policy success is not only the living standards and quality of life of the inhabitants, but also the condition of the natural environment, levels of tolerance, trust, empathy, social cohesion, education, happiness, etc.
Mariana del Rocio Olmedo Ochoa, Alejandro Palafox-Muñoz, Sergio Lagunas-Puls
El objetivo de este artículo es conocer y evaluar los impactos que pueden mejorar o afectar a la comunidad receptora, así como identificar áreas de oportunidad en cuanto a la gestión del destino turístico. Para lograr lo anterior, se aplicó la metodología propuesta por Doxey, específicamente realizando su medición a través del índice Irridex, buscando evitar que los residentes tengan fricción hacia los turistas en el futuro. Se concluye que mediante la evaluación de la percepción de los residentes se puede generar conocimiento, como en el destino insular de Cozumel, ubicando la etapa en la que se encuentra la población lo que podría ayudar en la generación de políticas públicas.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Francesc González Revertéz, Pablo Díaz Luque , Joan Miquel Gomis López
et al.
The aim of this paper is to debate the IT concept from the perception different agents of the tourism sector have about it and to see to what extent there is agreement or disagreement in the definition of the concept itself, its influence on the competitive improvement of destinations and future trends. In short, it intends to analyze the potential, but also to understand the risks and main challenges that the incorporation of IT can cause over current destinations. The work procedure involves asking experts in the tourism sector and in the academic world about the different thematic areas on IT and ITD: the definition of the concept and the welfare of its evolution in the immediate future, the characteristics and components of an ITD system, the role of the technological components in an ITD, the linking of IT with sustainability, the limits and risks of IT display, and the determinants and conditionings that destinations have for the development of IT strategies. The collected information has been obtained from the opinion of around thirty experts, with the purpose of gathering different points of view through the Delphi method: the academic specialists (belonging to national and international universities), those affected (from the case of study of the tourist municipalities of the province of Barcelona) and the facilitators (companies and organizations involved in the use of technologies to promote IT).
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Francesc González Reverté, Pablo Díaz Luque, Joan Miquel Gomis López
et al.
The aim of this paper is to debate the IT concept from the perception different agents of the tourism sector have about it and to see to what extent there is agreement or disagreement in the definition of the concept itself, its influence on the competitive improvement of destinations and future trends. In short, it intends to analyze the potential, but also to understand the risks and main challenges that the incorporation of IT can cause over current destinations. The work procedure involves asking experts in the tourism sector and in the academic world about the different thematic areas on IT and ITD: the definition of the concept and the welfare of its evolution in the immediate future, the characteristics and components of an ITD system, the role of the technological components in an ITD, the linking of IT with sustainability, the limits and risks of IT display, and the determinants and conditionings that destinations have for the development of IT strategies. The collected information has been obtained from the opinion of around thirty experts, with the purpose of gathering different points of view through the Delphi method: the academic specialists (belonging to national and international universities), those affected (from the case of study of the tourist municipalities of the province of Barcelona) and the facilitators (companies and organizations involved in the use of technologies to promote IT).
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Carlota Bonet Balaguer, Andrea Campos Hernández, Carla Marcos Cladellas
et al.
Desde finales del siglo XX, el binomio turismo y cine, denominado habitualmente turismo cinematográfico, se ha convertido en una de las modalidades turísticas más emergentes y dinámicas. Entre las diversas tipologías de turismo cinematográfico aceptadas en el ámbito académico, esta investigación se ha basado en aquella que tiene una doble identidad fílmica, como destino de rodaje y como destino donde sucede la trama de la película. Es decir, una película se rueda en un lugar determinado pero en realidad está representando otro lugar. El objetivo principal de la investigación es identificar y analizar las producciones o coproducciones audiovisuales internacionales que se han rodado parcial o totalmente en Barcelona y que en la ficción representan otras ciudades. Los resultados se han obtenido a partir de una metodología fundamentalmente analítico-descriptiva. Como principal conclusión del estudio se puede extraer que las películas internacionales rodadas en Barcelona, pero que representan otros lugares, tienen gran potencial para reforzar o crear una oferta competitiva de turismo cinematográfico en Barcelona.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Durante más de 20 años, lo que se estudia sobre las economías isleñas ha sido dominado por el modelo MIRAB (Bertram y Watters, 1985), el cual sugiere que las islas pequeñas subsisten del dinero enviado del exterior por ciudadanos que residen en el extranjero y por las ayudas de países metropolitanos. El presente estudio ofrece una alternativa al modelo MIRAB: la economía de islas pequeñas impulsadas por el turismo, o SITE, y trata de explicar sus características empleando tres análisis empíricos: (1) la diferencia de las medias entre las islas caribeñas, generalmente más desarrolladas, y las islas del Pacifico y del Océano Indio, en general menos penetradas; (2) el análisis del índice de la penetración turística considerando 39 islas pequeñas de menos de 3 millones de población; y (3) el análisis estadístico de regresión que identifica las variables del éxito de las islas pequeñas impulsadas económicamente por el turismo (SITE): dependencia política, contornos turísticos no abarrotados, adecuada infraestructura turística, geografía favorable, y sociedad económicamente próspera.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Maria Goula, Ioanna Spanou, Patricia Perez Rumpler
Este artículo aborda el potencial de innovación del diseño paisajístico en destinaciones turísticas maduras del Mediterráneo, especialmente en relación a su contribución a la creación de un nuevo imaginario así como también a la configuración de criterios sostenibles con el fin de mejorar entornos consolidados turísticamente. Se estructura en dos partes: La primera trata la intensa relación entre el Paisaje y el Turismo. La segunda se centra en la evaluación de los resultados de la investigación desarrollados en el marco del Máster en Paisajismo, UPC, en los territorios de la Costa Brava, Cataluña, España y Languedoc, Francia. Los trabajos presentados exploran los protocolos del desarrollo de un imaginario turístico sostenible basado en la identidad y el potencial natural de estos paisajes en relación al desarrollo de un proyecto de turismo holístico que involucra el paisaje no como fondo sino como un producto turístico en sí. Las experiencias incluyen aproximaciones que relacionan el ya existente desarrollo de la costa con la zona agrónoma “interior”, específicamente denominada “segunda costa”.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Este artículo analiza la importancia del Tratado de Waitangi (1840) para la Educación Superior en Nueva Zelanda, y cómo influye la experiencia educativa de los estudiantes de hospitalidad, turismo y organización de eventos. Este articulo examina los trabajos publicados sobre diversidad cultural, internacionalización y desarrollo curricular; el papel de la cultura en la educación de estudiantes locales e internacionales, y en qué forma la aculturación que experimentan los estudiantes de Educación Superior como parte de sus estudios puede dar lugar a una comprensión más profunda de cultura e identidad en el sitio de trabajo del ámbito de la hospitalidad. Existe una brecha en los trabajos publicados sobre este tema alrededor de en qué forma un plan de estudios de Educación Superior puede ayudar al desarrollo de una conciencia cultural y una comprensión de los compromisos históricos. El artículo identifica por lo tanto varios principios clave que se consideran imprescindibles para la identidad de aquellos que viven en Nueva Zelanda/Aotearoa. El artículo procede entonces a ilustrar cómo se pueden aplicar esos principios a la Educación Superior. Propone que vale la pena tener también en cuenta estos principios, consagrados en el Tratado de Waitangi, a la hora de diseñar un plan de estudios inclusivo que respalde a todos los estudiantes de hospitalidad, turismo y organización de eventos, sin importar su raza, cultura o educación. Por último, este artículo propone una matriz de ‘guías’ o herramientas que los académicos puedan utilizar para asegurar que sus clases satisfagan las necesidades de todos los estudiantes. Esta matriz ha sido desarrollada a partir de un estudio de los objetivos educativos de los Principios del Tratado de Waitangi (ToW), el texto fundacional de este país. Esta investigación resulta innovadora al crear una conciencia del ambiente diverso en el que operan estudiantes y académicos, permitiendo por lo tanto a los estudiantes desarrollar una sensibilidad cultural en relación a la industria internacional de la hospitalidad en la que se desempeñarán a partir de su graduación.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Mercè Colom Oliva, Jaume Font Garolera, Daniel Imbert–Bouchard Ribera
En un contexto de crisis económica general y déficit presupuestario, en 2012 el Gobierno de la Generalitat de Catalunya -uno de los primeros destinos turísticos de Europa y de la región mediterránea- creó el Impuesto sobre las Estancias en Establecimientos Turísticos (IEET) conocido popularmente como "tasa turística". Este impuesto tenía como finalidad paliar dicho déficit y disponer de un Fondo para el Fomento del Turismo (FFT) que permitiera mantener las inversiones en fomento y promoción turística.
El presente artículo realiza un balance de la recaudación de los dos primeros ejercicios completos (años 2013 y 2014) de vigencia del impuesto y se valoran las acciones realizadas con los fondos obtenidos, especialmente en el uso de la TIC, tanto en las campañas de promoción como en acciones de fomento del turismo.
Entre las principales conclusiones del estudio se constata que la entrada en vigor del impuesto ha permitido que los destinos beneficiarios incentivaran la creación y promoción de nuevos productos turísticos y el uso de nuevas herramientas de planificación y gestión turística, más eficientes y mejor adaptadas a las necesidades de la demanda turística actual.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion