Hasil untuk "Real estate business"

Yuliya Demyanyk, O. V. Hemert

Max Pitz, Lucas Real, Roman Schaut

Two $a{-}b$ paths in a graph $G$ are order-compatible if their common vertices occur in the same order when travelling from $a$ to $b$. Suppose a graph contains an infinite number $δ$ of edge-disjoint $a{-}b$ paths. G.A. Dirac asked whether there always exists a family of $δ$ edge-disjoint $a{-}b$ paths that are pairwise order-compatible. Confirming a conjecture by B. Zelinka, we show that this holds provided that the given $δ$ edge-disjoint $a{-}b$ paths have bounded length. Combining this with an earlier work of Zelinka, it follows that Dirac's question for an infinite cardinal $δ$ has an affirmative answer if and only if $δ$ has uncountable cofinality. As our second main result, we show that even when Dirac's question fails, it still holds that 'being connected by $δ$ edge-disjoint, pairwise order-compatible paths' is an equivalence relation for all values of $δ$. The most interesting case here is when $δ$ is countable.

Max Pitz, Lucas Real, Roman Schaut

A graph is chordal if it contains no induced cycle of length four or more. While finite chordal graphs are precisely those admitting tree-decompositions into cliques, this fails for infinite graphs. We establish two results extending the known theory to the infinite setting. Our first result strengthens sufficient conditions of Halin, Kříž-Thomas, and Chudnovsky-Nguyen-Scott-Seymour: We show that every chordal graph without a strict comb of cliques admits a tree-decomposition into maximal cliques. Our second result characterises the chordal graphs admitting tree-decompositions into finite cliques: a connected graph admits such a decomposition if and only if it is chordal, admits a normal spanning tree, and does not contain $\mathcal{H}$ $\unicode{x2013}$ an infinite clique with two non-adjacent dominating vertices $\unicode{x2013}$ as an induced minor. Combined with the characterisation of graphs with normal spanning trees, this yields a description by three types of forbidden minors. Both proofs proceed via greedy constructions of length $ω$, with the key new ingredient for the second result being an Extension Lemma that uses a finiteness theorem of Halin on minimal separators to produce suitable finite clique extensions at each step.

Chantale Lauer, Peter Pfeiffer, Alexander Rombach et al.

The creation of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) models is a complex and time-consuming task requiring both domain knowledge and proficiency in modeling conventions. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly expanded the possibilities for generating BPMN models directly from natural language, building upon earlier text-to-process methods with enhanced capabilities in handling complex descriptions. However, there is a lack of systematic evaluations of LLM-generated process models. Current efforts either use LLM-as-a-judge approaches or do not consider established dimensions of model quality. To this end, we introduce BEF4LLM, a novel LLM evaluation framework comprising four perspectives: syntactic quality, pragmatic quality, semantic quality, and validity. Using BEF4LLM, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of open-source LLMs and benchmark their performance against human modeling experts. Results indicate that LLMs excel in syntactic and pragmatic quality, while humans outperform in semantic aspects; however, the differences in scores are relatively modest, highlighting LLMs' competitive potential despite challenges in validity and semantic quality. The insights highlight current strengths and limitations of using LLMs for BPMN modeling and guide future model development and fine-tuning. Addressing these areas is essential for advancing the practical deployment of LLMs in business process modeling.

Budner Waldemar W.

Retail plays a special role in cities, significantly influencing the functional and spatial sphere of cities and their development. Over the years, the formats of retail facilities have evolved, reflecting the theory of the life cycle of forms of commerce. In the mid-1990s, the first modern shopping centers appeared in the Warsaw, Poznań, and Tricity metropolitan areas. Since then, two construction booms have been observed in this segment of retail facilities (1998-2003 and 2008-2012). Currently, some of them are facing a growing wave of reconstruction, modernization, and recommercialization. Others, especially the oldest ones (though not exclusively), will be demolished. The aim of the study is to: determine the life cycle phase of shopping centers and the current development trends and its pace; diagnose the existing stock of "shopping centers" in Poland by location and time of their construction; and project scenarios for the transformation of Polish shopping centers in light of the 4Re phenomenon. For the purpose of the analysis, most of the existing retail facilities in Poland built from the 1990s to the present were taken into account, meeting the criteria of: a traditional shopping center, a retail park, an outlet center, department stores and shopping malls.

Pritam Deka, Barry Devereux

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a widely adopted standard for representing complex business workflows. While BPMN diagrams are often exchanged as visual images, existing methods primarily rely on XML representations for computational analysis. In this work, we present a pipeline that leverages Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to extract structured JSON representations of BPMN diagrams directly from images, without requiring source model files or textual annotations. We also incorporate optical character recognition (OCR) for textual enrichment and evaluate the generated element lists against ground truth data derived from the source XML files. Our approach enables robust component extraction in scenarios where original source files are unavailable. We benchmark multiple VLMs and observe performance improvements in several models when OCR is used for text enrichment. In addition, we conducted extensive statistical analyses of OCR-based enrichment methods and prompt ablation studies, providing a clearer understanding of their impact on model performance.

Peter Fettke, Fabiana Fournier, Lior Limonad et al.

Autonomous business processes (ABPs), i.e., self-executing workflows leveraging AI/ML, have the potential to improve operational efficiency, reduce errors, lower costs, improve response times, and free human workers for more strategic and creative work. However, ABPs may raise specific concerns including decreased stakeholder trust, difficulties in debugging, hindered accountability, risk of bias, and issues with regulatory compliance. We argue for eXplainable ABPs (XABPs) to address these concerns by enabling systems to articulate their rationale. The paper outlines a systematic approach to XABPs, characterizing their forms, structuring explainability, and identifying key BPM research challenges towards XABPs.

David Rodriguez

From 31 August 2022 to early 2024, the City of Chicago welcomed nearly 40,000 migrants. Chicago had designated itself as a sanctuary city nearly 40 years ago and has since been a popular destination for migrants, accepting large numbers in other periods throughout its history. However, the influx during the period 2022–2024 was unique because of the large amounts of resources local and federal governments dedicated to settling these individuals. Immigrant benefits varied over this period but peaked at $15,000 per family, which did not include services offered by local churches and private organizations. In this study, log-linear multiple regression was employed to determine the impact subsidies can have on the local rental real estate market. According to the study findings, rental real estate rates increased by up to 5.6% in response to subsidization of migrant housing. Additionally, neighborhoods that were adjacent to migrant shelters experienced the greatest additional increase of 29.96%. In addition to the rapidity with which rental real estate pricing can respond to subsidies and policy shifts, the study findings demonstrate the financial benefits that can accrue to real estate owners and managers who participate in the rental marketplace with subsidization.

Erin A. Hopkins

As conflict is inevitable in the property management industry, communication and conflict resolution are essential skills for students to possess in order to have a successful career trajectory. However, existing research shows that students struggle with these soft skills thereby creating a gap between expected soft skills and observed soft skills of recent graduates. The purpose of this paper is to share details of a self‑compassion intervention that is used in a property management operations course and provide student insights into the exercise to illuminate self‑compassion as a concept that can be used to aid in communication and conflict resolution within the property management industry.

Paulius Česlovas Jokūbauskas, Asta Šalienė

The relevance and novelty of this study lie in the growing importance of corporate sustainability disclosure as a mechanism for enhancing transparency, accountability, and stakeholder trust. Despite the increasing regulatory emphasis across the European Union, a critical research gap remains: the sustainability reporting practices of listed companies in smaller-market economies, such as the Baltic States, have been underexplored. This study addresses the scientific question of how well listed companies in the Baltic region are adapting to the evolving EU sustainability regulatory environment, particularly in terms of the scope of sustainability disclosures. The methodology includes a systematic literature review and a document analysis of disclosures for the period 2021–2024. Using sustainability disclosure and assessment models based on GRI topic standards and ESRS standards, the study examines the sustainability level disclosure through the ESG approach and by sectors. The study reveals that publicly listed companies in the Baltic States show limited and uneven sustainability disclosure, with economic and social indicators particularly underreported, and environmental data often strategically selected rather than substantively addressed. Sectoral analysis highlights broader engagement in construction, food, and manufacturing sectors, while financial, retail, and real estate sectors lag behind in transparency, especially on social and environmental issues. ESRS-based disclosures show a focus on climate change and business conduct, but significant gaps persist in areas such as pollution, biodiversity, and value chain impacts, indicating selective implementation and limited regulatory readiness.

Mostafa Abbasi, Rahnuma Islam Nishat, Corey Bond et al.

Purpose- The significance of business processes has fostered a close collaboration between academia and industry. Moreover, the business landscape has witnessed continuous transformation, closely intertwined with technological advancements. Our main goal is to offer researchers and process analysts insights into the latest developments concerning Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to optimize their processes in an organization and identify research gaps and future directions in the field. Design/methodology/approach- In this study, we perform a systematic review of academic literature to investigate the integration of AI/ML in business process management (BPM). We categorize the literature according to the BPM life-cycle and employ bibliometric and objective-oriented methodology, to analyze related papers. Findings- In business process management and process map, AI/ML has made significant improvements using operational data on process metrics. These developments involve two distinct stages: (1) process enhancement, which emphasizes analyzing process information and adding descriptions to process models, and (2) process improvement, which focuses on redesigning processes based on insights derived from analysis. Research limitations/implications- While this review paper serves to provide an overview of different approaches for addressing process-related challenges, it does not delve deeply into the intricacies of fine-grained technical details of each method. This work focuses on recent papers conducted between 2010 and 2024. Originality/value- This paper adopts a pioneering approach by conducting an extensive examination of the integration of AI/ML techniques across the entire process management lifecycle. Additionally, it presents groundbreaking research and introduces AI/ML-enabled integrated tools, further enhancing the insights for future research.

Stephen Meisenbacher, Tim Schopf, Weixin Yan et al.

The task of $\textit{keyword extraction}$ is often an important initial step in unsupervised information extraction, forming the basis for tasks such as topic modeling or document classification. While recent methods have proven to be quite effective in the extraction of keywords, the identification of $\textit{class-specific}$ keywords, or only those pertaining to a predefined class, remains challenging. In this work, we propose an improved method for class-specific keyword extraction, which builds upon the popular $\textbf{KeyBERT}$ library to identify only keywords related to a class described by $\textit{seed keywords}$. We test this method using a dataset of German business registry entries, where the goal is to classify each business according to an economic sector. Our results reveal that our method greatly improves upon previous approaches, setting a new standard for $\textit{class-specific}$ keyword extraction.

Bogdan Benon, Barańska Anna

The identification of the scope of the limited property law (that is transmission easement), as well as the taking of appropriate actions, has become difficult. The far from sufficient implementation of rules has led to numerous disputes, the resolution of which has been sought in court. Very generalized legal bases, interpretation of regulations and the acceptance of the rulings of common courts have made the development of operating procedures possible and have determined the persons participating in performing work related to transmission easement.

H. Shelton Weeks, J. Howard Finch, Carrie B. Lee et al.

This case is designed to provide students with real property appraisal experience, specifically in the determination of the impact on valuation due to a change in the flood zone maps by the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) in Lee County, FL. It is designed in a modular format, so that instructors may assign individual valuation assignments requiring alternative appraisal techniques both before and after changes in federal land regulations that alter the indicated market value of existing commercial properties.

Alexandr Vladimirovich Yankovsky

В процессе эксплуатации каждое здание находится под воздействием двух групп факторов: внешних (природных) и внутренних, связанных с происходящим в здании технологическим или функциональным процессом. К внешним или природным факторам относятся: воздействие на конструкции ветра, снега, дождя, солнечной радиоактивности и температуры. К внутренним или технологическим факторам относятся: повреждения конструкций от механических воздействий, перегрузка конструкций покрытия, коррозия стальных и железобетонных конструкций, поражение деревянных конструкций грибком в результате нарушения температурно-влажностного режима помещений и т.д. От атмосферных воздействий могут возникнуть повреждения в конструкциях в результате перегрузки покрытий снеговой нагрузкой, намокания стен из-за малого выноса кровельного свеса или карниза и проникновения влаги через кровлю в связи с неудовлетворительным ее состоянием, особенно в местах перепада высот, парапетов и водосточных воронок. Снеговые нагрузки, особенно в местах перепада высот, довольно часто создают перегрузки на покрытия, приводящие к деформациям несущих и ограждающих конструкций, а в некоторых случаях приводят к авариям. Ветровые нагрузки не являются опасными для зданий, выполненных по проекту. Однако, учитывая недостаточный вылет кровельных свесов и низкую морозостойкость кирпичных стен, они систематически намокают, промерзают, в результате чего происходит выветривание и разрушение кирпичной кладки. Контроль качества выполнения работ по эксплуатации и ремонту зданий, а также планирование и организационная подготовка ремонта зданий осуществляется административно-хозяйственным отделом управляющей организации или главным инженером.

Valero Alfonso

This research article explores the valuation of mixed-use developments and their impact on urban planning and city regeneration. The study introduces a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodology to analyze complex buildings developed in Shanghai from 2009 to 2019. Two MCDM appraisals are offered in different developments using three groups of key indicators that served as benchmarks for other Chinese clusters and global megacities. The article addresses two primary research questions: how mixed-use assets can be assessed using MCDM, and what the key performance indicators and factors contributing to the success of mixed-use developments are. The findings highlight the importance of connectivity, previous real estate experience, ESG strategies, international branding, architectural design, financial metrics, and adaptability of the real estate industry in evaluating mixed-use assets. The study provides insight to stakeholders involved in real estate development, including urban planners, developers, and investors, enabling them to make informed decisions and improve sustainable practices. The research also highlights the importance of considering ESG principles, community benefits, and long-term strategies when assessing mixed-use developments to drive social change and contribute to urban regeneration.

Vagelis Plevris, N. Lagaros, A. Zeytinci

Blockchain is a technology that allows the recording of information in a way that it is difficult or practically impossible to alter, hack, or cheat. It is a new, promising technology, considered by many as a general-purpose technology (GPT). GPTs are technologies that have the potential to affect an entire economy, impacting economic growth and transforming both everyday life and the ways in which we conduct business. We present a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature, followed by a discussion about monetary mediums and the evolution of bitcoin, as the first digital medium managing to solve the “double-spending” problem and the first successful implementation of blockchain technology. The computational operations involved in blockchain are presented, together with the cryptographic technologies associated with it, its unique characteristics, and the advantages it offers as a technology. A comprehensive literature review is provided, of the current state of the art in blockchain in the fields of civil engineering, architecture and the construction industry. Six important application areas are identified, and the relevant literature is investigated. Namely, building information modelling and computer aided design, contract management and smart contracts, construction project management, smart buildings and smart cities, construction supply chain management, and real estate. Finally, we discuss the future applications, the challenges and the opportunities that blockchain technology brings to these fields.

Markus K. Brunnermeier, A. Krishnamurthy

ABSTRACT:Many business sectors and households face an unprecedented loss of income in the current COVID-19 recession, triggering financial distress, separations, and bankruptcy. Rather than stimulating demand, government policy's main aim should be to provide insurance to firms and workers to avoid undue scarring that will hamper a recovery once the pandemic is past. We develop a corporate finance framework to guide interventions in credit markets to avoid such scarring. We emphasize three main results. First, policy should inject liquidity into small and medium-sized firms that are liquidity constrained and for which social costs of bankruptcy are high. Second, large firms for whom solvency is the dominant issue require a more nuanced approach. Debt overhang creates a distortion, leading these firms to fire workers, forgo expenditures that maintain enterprise value, and delay filing for a Chapter 11 bankruptcy longer than is socially efficient. Government resources toward reducing the legal and financial costs of bankruptcy are unambiguously beneficial. Policies that reduce funding costs are only socially desirable if the pandemic is expected to be short-lived and if bankruptcy costs are high. Last, transfers necessary to avoid bankruptcy allow borrowers to continue paying their mortgages or credit card bills and ultimately benefit owners of assets such as real estate or credit card receivables. Taxes to fund transfers should be raised from these asset owners.

Sam Hainsworth

Media hype and technological breakthroughs are fuelling the race to adopt Artificial Intelligence amongst the business community, but is there evidence to suggest this will increase productivity? This paper uses 2015-2019 microdata from the UK Office for National Statistics to identify if the adoption of Artificial Intelligence techniques increases labour productivity in UK businesses. Using fixed effects estimation (Within Group) with a log-linear regression specification the paper concludes that there is no statistically significant impact of AI adoption on labour productivity.

Evgeny Vladimirovich Gvozdev

The article presents an analysis of existing approaches to ensuring integrated security at industrial enterprises. This research is focused on the use of an interdisciplinary approach in its provision at the enterprises of oil and gas sector (OGS) in Russia. In the article, the author presents a methodology developed for Russian oil and gas enterprises in the form of a comparative model and a flexible approach in the form of an existing and developing integrated security system to reduce various types of damage. The aim of the study is to solve the scientific problem of developing an integrated security system at the enterprises of the Russian oil and gas sector. The presented results of the study prove the feasibility of using the results of the assessment of the state of integrated security for the enterprises. Thus, the important problem in terms of rationally-targeted allocation of resources that can be used to eliminate exactly those procedures that have high impact of damage from accidents and fires, is solved. The monitoring results are presented in the form of using a new rational-target model for the development of Russian oil and gas companies. This model allows in practice solving the problem of reducing damage from accidents and fires in the integrated safety system of these enterprises.