Abstract Despite scads research on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance, literature is still inconclusive. This study attempts to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in the Indian context. Secondary data has been collected for 28 Indian commercial banks listed in Bombay stock exchange (BSE), for the period of 10 years (2007–16). The results indicate that CSR exerts positive impact on financial performance of the Indian banks. The finding of this study provides great insights for management, to integrate the CSR with strategic intent of the business, and renovate their business philosophy from traditional profit-oriented to socially responsible approach.
When people begin to aspire and desire to achieve, it is everyone's responsibility to stand hand in hand to help them achieve. The economy is the foundation on which the prosperity of states and societies is based, and in Bahrain we are going through a major economic shift with the implementation of Bahrain's Economic Vision 2030, as Bahrain plans to reduce dependence on oil in the economy and tries to create a more sustainable and efficient economy. And creating a fertile environment for the growth of companies (Bahraini and non-Bahraini) is one of the most effective ways to develop the Bahraini economy, which is what Bahrain has tended to do in recent years as it has provided many facilities to attract international companies to settle in Bahrain. In addition, it encouraged Bahraini startups to grow. Therefore, this research seeks to develop the Bahraini economy and, in particular, help in the development of Bahraini startup companies through applied education and real confrontation with the market, in addition to creating opportunities for them by designing a business accelerator that takes the Bahraini emerging companies to excellence and gives them access to global markets.
Weiwei Wang, Elena Blanc-Betes, Madhu Khanna
et al.
Abstract Energy crops will be critical for scaling up production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel in the United States and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we examine the economic incentives for the extent and type of land conversion needed to scale up fuel production from a mix of cellulosic feedstocks and quantify its greenhouse gas intensity. We show that even with the availability of marginal non-cropland, there will be incentives for converting cropland to produce energy crops as the price of sustainable aviation fuel increases. But contrary to expectations, we find that scaling up fuel production by converting more cropland and more non-cropland from existing uses to energy crops lowers its net greenhouse gas intensity, due to high soil carbon sequestration rate of energy crops, even after considering land use change emissions.The potential savings in emissions are larger than the foregone soil carbon accumulation benefits from keeping that land in current uses.
Social media analytics is the backbone of successful marketing. It allows you to accurately find and understand the target audience of the company. However, this requires analyzing a huge amount of publicly available data. This is where software tools come to the rescue, allowing such analysis to be carried out in real time. Nevertheless, there are a large number of software products on the market, each of which has a different set of functions - from complex products to highly specialized ones. A wide or vice versa narrow range of functions makes it difficult to choose a specific software solution for a specific task. For this reason, the main purpose of the article is to make a comparative analysis of the functions of the most popular social media analytics software tools designed to identify and analyze the target audience.
Denis Kalua, Andrew Munthopa Lipunga, Fredrick Banda
Research aims: The study investigates the influence of monetary policy on the balance sheet performance of commercial banks in Malawi.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employed an explanatory research design using time series data obtained from financial reports of commercial banks and economic reports published by the Reserve Bank of Malawi from 2012 to 2022. Regression analyses were conducted to establish the influence of monetary policy on balance sheet performance (loan and overdraft growth).
Research findings: The results suggest that the monetary policy instruments, namely, the liquidity reserve requirement (LRR), Lombard rate, policy rate, and open market operations, have insignificant influence on the loan and overdraft growth in commercial banks in Malawi.
Theoretical contribution/Originality: This implies that these monetary policy tools are not the exterior determinants of the balance sheet performance of commercial banks in Malawi.
Research limitation: The study used a single measure of the balance sheet performance of commercial banks.
Daniela Popescul, Lily Murariu, Laura-Diana Radu
et al.
Utilizing readily accessible information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as mobile devices, applications, and simple Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, and harnessing their potential through Experimentation as a Service (EaaS), crowdsensing, and gamification, represents one of the most effective approaches to implementing co-creation in smart cities. The benefits of this bottom-up approach are closely related to accurately identifying the real needs of city residents and increasing the chances of designing and implementing solutions with genuine impact, ensuring equity, social inclusion, sustainability, and community resilience. This paper investigates the utilization of ICTs to support social sustainability by analyzing 157 smart city projects funded under the Horizon 2020 program at the European Union level and 5 smart city projects from Canada. The results reveal the utilization of technological solutions such as testbeds, living labs, EaaS, crowdsensing, open data, and more for co-creation in smart city projects. In the discussion part, we point out the importance of focusing on technologies that are familiar to the beneficiaries and on leveraging resources already available as wearable devices or in the citizens’ homes, the versatility of the technological solutions analyzed, the role of heterogeneous and open data, and cross-disciplinary teams in creating new perspectives on urban problems, reducing inequity in the development of solutions to solve them. The concerns raised and problems reported relate to the technology itself (errors in operation), users (difficulties in stimulating their involvement and keeping it constant), and data (quality of data collected, difficult to process, ethics and security of data collection and use). Based on our results, we extract, synthetize and present six distinct categories of lessons learned by the implementation teams of the analyzed projects.
У статті досліджено перспективні напрямки управління виробничими процесами сільськогосподарських підприємств з використанням блокчейн технологій в умовах забезпечення продовольчої безпеки. Визначено важливість блокчейн децентралізованої бази даних при зборі інформації при поставках виробників продуктів харчування, уточнено п’ять основних характеристик. Деталізовано способи використання блокчейн технологій. Представлено переваги від блокчейну з точки зору економії витрат задля більшої ефективності в існуючих процесах виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції. Уточнено чотири етапи реалізації блок-ланцюга в сільськогосподарських організаціях. Визначено основні переваги технології Blockchain: обмін продукцією без посередництва третьої сторони, безпека і надійність здійснюваних операцій, висока якість даних, робота з кваліфікованими користувачами, цілісність процесу, прозорість і незмінність системи, спрощена система обліку, ефективні транзакції.
The advent of digital financial technology left the business community and its clients celebrating convenient ways of online shopping, paying bills and money transfers. However, digital banking technology came with its share of challenges, due to highly digitalised economies in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, cyber fraudsters are increasingly targeting and leveraging on financial market infrastructures. Cyber security of banking institutions and the financial systems across the globe remains a major concern of Central Banks, investors, internal auditors and financial risk managers. The purpose of this research paper was to examine the efficacy of cyber fraud prevention measures used by commercial banks in Zimbabwe. The study also looked into the difficulties encountered in managing cyber-fraud. Results indicate that cyber fraud risk management strategies adopted by Commercial banks are partly effective which indicates existence of opportunities for cyber fraudsters to attacks and get away with it at the expense of clients, banks and the financial system as a whole. Results also indicate that Commercial banks are facing quite a number of challenges which include the following: lack of sophisticated systems, cyber attackers are always ahead, some of the clients do not take awareness messages send to them seriously, some clients share passwords and credit cards and lack of enough education and knowhow of employees. The study therefore concludes that, cyber fraud risk management strategies adopted by Commercial banks are partly effective. Monetary and fiscal authorities need to continue monitoring Commercial banks with regard to implementation of cyber security risk based supervision framework.
Cris Kuntadi, Winda Widyanty, R. Nurhidajat
et al.
AbstractThis study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership on the employee performance of National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) with the mediating role of work engagement and work motivation. The study employed a census approach utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data collected from all employees of the NTSC in Indonesia. Primary data were gathered through a comprehensive questionnaire, which was administered to the entire population of 107 NTSC employees, ensuring complete coverage and representation. The results of this study indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on work engagement, work motivation, and employee performance. The results show that work engagement and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. While the mediation test results show that work engagement and work motivation have an indirect effect on employee performance. The current study provides fresh insights and validates extant knowledge on transformational leadership, work engagement, work motivation and employee performance within the NTSC. This study suggests NTSC management to communicate the company’s vision and mission to employees with openness and realize improvements in operational standards so that the performance created in the organization provides value that can be understood appropriately. In addition, management also needs to create policies that are in line with the NTSC vision and mission.
This study aims to analyze the effect of the government's internal control system on the government of financial statements quality with the moderating role of the ethical climate of the organization. The survey method was conducted on 80 employees of the planning and finance division of the Maluku Provincial Government who participated in this study. Research data in the form of survey questionnaires were collected and analyzed using smart PLS. The results of this study indicate that the government's internal control system and ethical climate of the organization have a positive and significant effect on the government of financial statements quality. The variable of the government's internal control system has a positive and significant effect on the ethical climate of the organization. The ethical climate of the organization variables can moderate the effect of the government's internal control system on the government of financial statements quality in a positive and significant way.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the factors that cause inundation/flooding in Cemarajaya Housing, evaluate existing drainage channels and plan drainage channels for unbuilt blocks and analyze the capacity of the drainage system using the EPA SWMM 5.1 program.
Design/methodology/approach: Based on the simulation results using SWMM, the subcatchment response shows that an average of 22.11 mm per subcatchment is infiltrated and the rest becomes runoff of 310.23 mm.
Findings: The abrasion disaster that hit the north coast of Karawang, especially the village of Cemarajaya, had occurred from around 1990 to 2016 and the most severe occurred in three hamlets, so residents affected by the abrasion had to be relocated to a place far from the shoreline. The Department of Public Housing and Settlement Areas of Karawang Regency built a housing estate to relocate residents affected by the abrasion disaster.
Research limitations/implications: In this housing, 299 units of infiltration wells were built because the calculated channel dimensions were not possible to build due to the limited land area of the road.
Practical implications: The problem that occurs in the housing is that the area where the housing construction is located is in the yellow zone based on the Karawang City/Regency Sanitation Strategic (SSK) data in 2017, which is an area prone to inundation of 25% to 50%.
Originality/value: This paper is originality
Paper type: Research paper
Jill K. Gersh, Ruanne V. Barnabas, Daniel Matemo
et al.
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) who reside in high tuberculosis burden settings remain at risk for tuberculosis disease despite treatment with anti-retroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). The performance of the World Health Organization (WHO) symptom screen for tuberculosis in PLHIV receiving anti-retroviral therapy is sub-optimal and alternative screening strategies are needed. Methods We enrolled HIV-positive adults into a prospective study in western Kenya. Individuals who were IPT-naïve or had completed IPT > 6 months prior to enrollment were eligible. We evaluated tuberculosis prevalence overall and by IPT status. We assessed the accuracy of the WHO symptom screen, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), and candidate biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio for identifying pulmonary tuberculosis. Some participants were evaluated at 6 months post-enrollment for tuberculosis. Results The study included 383 PLHIV, of whom > 99% were on antiretrovirals and 88% had received IPT, completed a median of 1.1 years (IQR 0.8–1.55) prior to enrollment. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis at enrollment was 1.3% (n = 5, 95% CI 0.4–3.0%): 4.3% (0.5–14.5%) among IPT-naïve and 0.9% (0.2–2.6%) among IPT-treated participants. The sensitivity of the WHO symptom screen was 0% (0–52%) and specificity 87% (83–90%). Xpert and candidate biomarkers had poor to moderate sensitivity; the most accurate biomarker was CRP ≥ 3.3 mg/L (sensitivity 80% (28–100) and specificity 72% (67–77)). Six months after enrollment, the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis following IPT completion was 0.84 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 0.31–2.23). Conclusions In Kenyan PLHIV treated with IPT, tuberculosis prevalence was low at a median of 1.4 years after IPT completion. WHO symptoms screening, Xpert, and candidate biomarkers were insensitive for identifying pulmonary tuberculosis in antiretroviral-treated PLHIV.
Abstract. The project of the International Accounting Standards Board that updates and develops international accounting standards (IASB) has been lasting more than twenty years. In Ukraine, International accounting standards were adopted as the national standards for business and public sectors.
The article analyzes the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting for the business sector entities, compares it with the Conceptual Framework for financial reporting for the public sector entities, and the current requirements of the Ukrainian legislation in the field of accounting and financial reporting. The necessity of creating a single Conceptual Framework for financial reporting, based the needs of information users, is substantiated.
The relevant International Standards for the business sector entities became fundamental for the development of International Public Sector Accounting Standards. The similar needs of financial reports users support this approach. At the same time, part of the IPSAS, and the Conceptual Framework take into account the functional peculiarities of the entities in this sector of the economy.
Financial reporting concepts for entities in any sector of the economy determine the aim of financial reporting as that to acquire information concerning the entity. Investors, creditors, other lenders are prior users of financial information in the business sector while society as a whole uses information in the public sector. The Conceptual Framework for the public sector takes into account the peculiarity of this sector of the economy, the main purpose of which is to provide services to society, rather than generating profits and ensuring the return on capital of investors.
The common features of financial reporting standards and their Conceptual Framework, taking into account current trends and global challenges, indicate the possibility and feasibility of creating a unified (integrated) Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting.
Keywords: the Conceptual framework for financial reporting, International Financial Reporting Standards for the entrepreneurial sector, International Public Sector Accounting Standards, National Accounting Statements (Standards).
JEL Classification M41
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 20.