Hasil untuk "Industrial directories"

Miguel Gouveia, Micaela Pinho, Paulo Botelho Pires

Professional football players face considerable occupational hazards, with injuries posing serious challenges to player safety, club performance, and regulatory oversight. This descriptive study examines the multifaceted implications of Portugal’s Laws No. 48/2023, which formally recognises professional football as a high-risk occupation and strengthens the mandatory insurance regime through a major regulatory update. Adopting a qualitative approach, the analysis focuses on Portugal, where the professional football business model heavily relies on player commercialisation, and compares regulatory frameworks in Spain, Germany, England, Italy, France, and Brazil. Findings indicate that Portugal’s legal framework enhances player safety by ensuring comprehensive coverage and improved disability protections, yet also introduces financial pressures on clubs, particularly those with lower economic capacity. These pressures are exacerbated by limited market competition and high insurance concentration, increasing premium costs. Cross-country comparisons reveal persistent disparities in legal standards, insurance scope, and institutional coordination, which complicate risk allocation in an increasingly globalised football market. Notably, Portugal’s high-risk insurance model most closely aligns with France’s hybrid approach, in contrast to fully public schemes seen in countries like Germany and Italy. While complete harmonisation remains challenging, the study identifies key principles to guide policy reform and international cooperation. Overall, the findings advance understanding of occupational risk regulation in sport and offer practical insights for designing effective, equitable, and safety-oriented protection systems for professional athletes.

Vječislav Bohanek

HamidReza Talaie

Background and objective Recent disasters have shown that disruptions in the healthcare supply chain can lead to shortages of essential medical equipment necessary for proper patient care, creating medical and social crises, and increasing the demand for medical services. The present study aims to identify and rank the enablers of healthcare supply chain resilience in Iran, focusing on public hospitals. Method This is a descriptive mixed-method study with a cross-sectional design conducted in 2024. The participants included 20 experts from the management section of public hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, who were selected using a judgment sampling method. Based on a systematic literature review, the enablers of healthcare supply chain resilience were identified and ranked using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by employing the paired comparison kernel in Expert Choice software. Additionally, the cross-impact matrix multiplication (MICMAC) approach was employed to analyze the interrelationships between enablers.  Results The identified enablers were classified into four main groups: elastic capabilities (Agility, flexibility), reporting capabilities (sustainability, security, supply chain network design, robustness), cognitive capabilities (supply chain risk management, awareness/sensitivity), and operational features (IT capabilities, speed, collaboration). The elastic capabilities ranked first among the enabling groups. Based on the MICMAC analysis, agility, flexibility, and speed were placed in the linkage category, indicating that these enablers had the highest impact and could be significantly influenced by other factors. Conclusion To enhance the resilience of the healthcare supply chain in public hospitals in Iran, relevant managers should pay special attention to the supply chain’s elastic capabilities (particularly agility) and reporting capabilities (mainly information technology). Also, they should incorporate long-term and sustainable strategies to increase the flexibility and speed of their plans.

Tomi Zlatar, Denisse Bustos, José Torres Costa et al.

Various jobs, indoors and outdoors, are subjected to severe cold temperatures during daily activities. Extremely low-temperature exposure and work intensity affect health, safety, and occupational performance. This work aimed to assess the physiological and thermal sensation responses before, during, and following a 60 min exposure to cold (−20 °C), during which occupational activities were developed. Using ingestible telemetric temperature pills, eight skin temperature sensors, blood pressure equipment, and the Thermal Sensation Questionnaire, experiments were conducted with 11 healthy male volunteers wearing highly insulating cold protective clothing. The most notorious alterations were reported in mean skin temperatures and thermal sensation responses during the first 20 min of cold exposure. Among the eight skin temperature points, the forehead and left hand showed a higher sensitivity to cold. The mean core temperature reported significant variations throughout the protocol, with decreases during the initial 10 min of cold exposure and posterior increases despite the cold environment. Blood pressure showed slight increases from the initial to the recovery period. Overall, outcomes contribute to current scientific knowledge on physiological and perception responses in extremely cold environments while describing the influence of protective clothing and occupational activities on these responses. Future research should be developed with additional skin temperature measurements in the extremities (fingers, face, and toes) and the analysis of thermal sensation potential associations with performance changes, which can also be of great significance for future thermal comfort models.

The Japan Society for Occupational Health May 25, 2022

Sergey Zabolotny, Vitaliy Katsalap

У статті розглянуто питання обґрунтування інформаційної технології забезпечення функціональної стійкості систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил). Основна увага досліджень зосереджена на побудові варіантів системи моніторингу інформаційного простору. Формалізовано інформаційну технологію забезпечення функціональної стійкості та визначено підходи щодо методів її оцінювання. Наведено актуальність та перспективність процесу представлення формалізованої інформаційної технології забезпечення функціональної стійкості для подальшої автоматизації процесу класифікації систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил). Метою статті є обґрунтування інформаційної технології забезпечення функціональної стійкості систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил). Запропоновано інформаційну технологію забезпечення функціональної стійкості систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил), що може вважатися методичним підходом для оцінювання доцільних варіантів системи моніторингу інформаційного простору. Визначається, що поєднання методів оптимізації аналізу варіантів побудови систем моніторингу інформаційного простору дозволяє визначити та оцінити порядок роботи особи, яка приймає рішення на побудову відповідної системи моніторингу інформаційного простору. Це у подальшому дає можливість розробити архітектуру спеціалізованого програмного забезпечення для підвищення оперативності оцінки інформаційних ресурсів, що циркулюють у системах моніторингу інформаційного простору. Використання інформаційної технології забезпечення функціональної стійкості систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил) дозволяє орієнтовно визначити складові моніторингу інформаційного простору та провести деталізацію систем, які до нього входять. Наведені результати наукового дослідження підтверджують адекватність застосування інформаційної технології для забезпечення функціональної стійкості систем моніторингу інформаційного простору в інтересах військ (сил).

Emma D’Antoine, Janis Jansz, Ahmed Barifcani et al.

The offshore oil and gas working environment is an inherently dangerous one, with risks posed to physical safety on a daily basis. One neglected field of research is the added psychosocial stressors present in this environment. This research examined the experiences of offshore oil and gas workers through one-on-one online interviews which were recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analyzed through the qualitative software NVivo, which generated themes and patterns for the responses given to questions that were developed through a focus group. The results of the analysis showed that multiple psychosocial stressors are present in this population, such as fear of speaking up, unsatisfactory company-provided facilities, work–life interference, work status, micromanaging, gender harassment and bullying. In addition, interviews identified that production and time pressures, along with fatigue, can influence accidents and mistakes. Climate factors also cause discomfort. However, these are managed according to best practices by organizations. Due to the timing of the study, COVID-19 was a significant stressor for some, but not all, employees. In conclusion, offshore oil and gas workers face multiple stressors in a dangerous environment that may lead to devastating consequences.

Marcantonio Catelani, Lorenzo Ciani, Gabriele Patrizi

A safety instrumented system (SIS) is a complex unit composed of a set of hardware and software controls which are expressly used in critical process systems. A SIS should be specifically designed to obtain the failsafe state of the monitored plant or maintain safety of the procedure or a process when unacceptable or dangerous conditions occur. This paper focuses on condition monitoring and different diagnostic solutions used in safety instrumented systems, such as limit alarm trips, on-board diagnostics, and logic solver diagnostics. A case study consisting of the design of a safety loop using standard IEC 61508 for a complex safety instrumented system in the oil and gas field is presented in the paper using a diagnostics-oriented approach. The presented methodology aims at reaching the optimal tradeoff between IEC 61508 and the market requirements focusing on the best technological solutions to optimize diagnostics and safety and minimize the system’s response time in case of failure. The results of the application emphasize the importance of an accurate diagnostic strategy on safety instrumented systems for oil and gas plants.

Matthew C. Camden, Jeffrey S. Hickman, Richard J. Hanowski

Commercial motor vehicle safety is of utmost importance, as crashes involving commercial motor vehicles often result in significant property damage, injuries, fatalities, and financial loss for fleets. However, fleet managers are often unsure what strategies other fleets have used to successfully improve safety. To identify best practices, researchers completed case studies with nine commercial motor vehicle fleets that successfully improved their safety performance. A content analysis was performed, and the successful strategies were organized into the Haddon Matrix. Results showed that there was no one single strategy that fleets used to improve safety. Instead, fleets relied on a comprehensive approach focusing on pre-crash countermeasures, including addressing hiring practices, driver training, fleet safety culture, safety technologies, scheduling, and maintenance. However, an enhanced safety culture and advanced safety technology were identified as critical components to their safety improvement. Results from this study may help fleets understand what their peers have used to successfully improve safety and which strategies may not be as helpful.

Naidu Balireddy Somi, Jeyaraj Pitchaimani, Chinnapandi Lenin Babu Mailan et al.

The current study focussed on analysing natural frequency and damping of laminated composite beams (LCBs) by varying fiber angle, aspect ratio, material property and boundary conditions. Ritz method with displacement field based on the shear and normal deformable theory is used and the modal damping is calculated using modal strain energy method. Effects of symmetric angle-ply and cross-ply, anti symmetric cross-ply, balanced and quasi-isotropic lay up schemes on modal damping are presented for the first time. Results revealed that influence of lay-up scheme on natural frequencies is significant for the thin beams while the modal damping of the thin beams are not sensitive to lay-up scheme. However, the lay-up scheme influences the damping significantly for the thick beams. Similarly, high strength fiber reinforced LCBs have higher natural frequency while low strength fiber reinforced LCBs have higher damping due to the better fiber-matrix interaction.

Yuvaraj L., Jeyanthi S., Babu Mailan Chinnapandi Lenin et al.

New acoustic multilayer absorber fabricated by coupling closed-cell metallic foam and open-cell polymeric foam, which aimed to develop a practical use of metallic foam in the noise control application. In prior, the individual sound absorption coefficient of both foam materials with different thicknesses measured by the impedance tube method as per ASTM E-1050. Using inverse characterization technique, the intrinsic properties needed for five parameter models in a numerical study are predicted. The measured characteristic impedance, complex wave propagation, and sound absorption coefficient of the individual foams are in close agreement with the prediction. Subsequently, a different configuration of multilayer absorber is modeled using obtained properties, and their acoustic performance is evaluated. The result indicates that the coupling of polymeric foam with metallic one exhibits enhanced sound absorption and usage of closed-cell metallic foam in noise control material. Furthermore, the result demonstrates that absorption capability entirely relies on the placement of polymeric foam in the configuration. The proposed hybrid multilayer absorber coupled with test bench car for interior acoustic study, where 5–30 dB is reduction is noticed in 1/3rd octave plot.

Kazem Sarvestani, mohhamad salem

Introduction: Considering application of multiple electrical equipment, numerous occupational accidents occur in hospitals each year. Electrical accidents are severe and impose high costs on the individuals and organizations. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of electrical systems in one of the oldest hospitals under supervision of Baqiyatallah University using energy trace and barrier analysis method (ETBA). Methods and Materials: All wall plugs, switches, stationary and portable equipment, and stationary and portable electrical panel were evaluated in terms of earthing and appearance. This was done using a simple voltmeter and a 100-watt bulb. All equipment and electrical panel were examined for the presence of Residual Current Device. The ETBA worksheets were completed for each equipment and workstation. The existing barriers were identified and initial risk reduction numbers were calculated. Barriers and solutions were suggested for the equipment or workstation that was at higher risk. Controlled risk was calculated by considering new barriers. Results: The ETBA worksheets were completed for 71 devices and workstations. The initial and controlled risk was calculated. Surveys revealed that all sections of the main building and the departmental structures did not have a good status regarding the earth condition. Risk assessment of the equipment and stations by ETBA method indicated that 97% of the equipment were not at an acceptable level of risk, 52% were at the unacceptable risk level, 45% were at undesirable risk level, and only 3% were at the acceptable risk. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to prioritize resource allocation to eliminate hospital defects and reduce the risk of accidents up to an acceptable level.

Abstract Background: Due to the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among computer users, this study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and awareness about the principles of ergonomics among computer users. Method: In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, data were collected using demographic questionnaires, Nordic questionnaire, and self-constructed questionnaires. Chi-square, independent t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analyses were used to analyze the data statistically. Results: The most prevalent signs of musculoskeletal disorders were in the waist, neck, shoulder, back, wrists, and knees. The level of awareness about the appropriate height of monitor and the proper distance between eyes of the operator and monitor was low. Although musculoskeletal disorders were lower in people with high levels of awareness about computer ergonomics, no significant relationship was found between the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders and awareness about computer ergonomics. Conclusion: Awareness about computer ergonomics could impact on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. So, informing computer users about knowledge of computer ergonomics and creating times to perform stretching exercises while working with computers are essential. Key words: Musculoskeletal disorders knowledge of ergonomics, computer users, awareness

Kateryna Yefanova, Serhey Brigadir, Sergey Salnyk

В статті розроблено метод побудови маршрутів передачі даних шляхом вибору метрик параметрів даних з урахуванням характеристичних особливостей застосування мереж спеціального призначення. Новизна методу полягає у введенні ієрархії процесу прийняття рішення з побудови маршруту передачі даних з метою забезпечення заданої якості обслуговування певних типів трафіка при різних умовах функціонування телекомунікаційних мереж з використанням гібридної структури побудови методу. Метод дозволяє побудувати маршрути заданої якості, скоротити об’єми службового трафіка, збільшити пропускну спроможність інформаційного напрямку при зменшенні складності побудови методу. Метою даної статті є аналіз використання методу гібридної побудови маршрутів в телекомунікаційних мережах. Автори розглядають підхід щодо використання методу в  телекомунікаційних мережах спеціального призначення, що дозволить підвищити показники ефективності побудови маршрутів передачі даних вузлової системи управління в телекомунікаційних мережах військового призначення. У ході подальших досліджень буде розроблено метод взаємодії та зв’язності елементів підсистеми передачі потоків даних в телекомунікаційних мережах спеціального призначення.

Sotiris Betsis, Maria Kalogirou, Georgios Aretoulis et al.

Construction project related accidents are critical events and it is imperative that they are analyzed in order to understand and identify their root causes. Therefore, the present study analyzes work accidents on construction projects in northern Greece. The methodological approach firstly includes the collection of accident related data from the “Greek Work Inspection Organization”, which is followed by a descriptive analysis and corresponding codification of available data. The next step includes the creation of an appropriate database in SPSS to accommodate all relevant data and subsequent correlation analysis that aims to identify potential trends and tendencies within the accidents’ sample. The findings highlight the most frequent occurrences regarding construction work related accidents and at the same time identify correlations among the various parameters associated with them. The majority of accidents include inexperienced personnel and workers in the age range of 24−44 years old. Moreover, most accidents occur during the summer and are not fatal. Falls are by far the dominant type of accident, and as a consequence, fractures are the most frequently occurring type of injury. Finally, most accidents occur in the morning, with injuries focusing on the lower parts of the body, and in the presence of general use equipment. The current paper also identified associations among various accident characteristics. These findings could help towards reducing the number and severity of work-related accidents. Improved construction site organization, accompanied by the dedication of management towards health and safety and more frequent inspections, could decrease the number and severity of accidents.

Zuzhen Ji, Dirk Pons, John Pearse

Exposure to chronic harm is difficult to manage and prevent in industry. There is a need to better understand the state of mind when workers disregard safety processes and expose themselves to this type of risk. This paper develops a theoretical model of the reason why workers voluntarily expose themselves to occupational health and safety (OHS) hazards. This Risk, Agency, and Safety & Health (RASH) model proposes that people willingly expose themselves to chronic injuries via a series of risk-taking processes. This causal chain starts with personal motivation and over-alignment with organisational purpose (including impression management). Ideally, that motivation would be moderated by an ability to predict future harm consequences from the task at hand, but that mechanism is weak because it is difficult to predict cause and effect, the consequences are too far in the future, and the opportunities for vicarious learning are few. The motivation then causes misdirected creativity, hence the development of personally novel ways of solving the problem, albeit with greater risk of harm. Perverse agency then sustains actions that exposure the person to harm. Original contributions are the provision of a detailed explanation for risk-taking, and the integration of multiple well-established psychological constructs.

Юлія Олександрівна Бабій

Воєнно-політичні події останніх років, відсутність концептуальних поглядів на облаштування сухопутного кордону після набуття незалежності Україною, суттєва різниця у соціально-економічному стані мешканців прикордоння України і суміжних країн стали причиною появи нових загроз національній безпеці держави у прикордонній сфері на сухопутному кордоні, що робить актуальним реалізацію у засобах моніторингу таких характеристик як живучість, завадозахищенність, автоматичність функціонування, чутливість до рухомих об’єктів у різних середовищах. Потреба у розвитку методів і моделей моніторингу рухомих об’єктів на сухопутному кордоні України технічними засобами охорони становить сутність сьогодення, що потребує подолання виявлених невідповідностей між прогресом розвитку волоконно-оптичних засобів охорони і недостатньою ефективністю моделей виявлення впливу правопорушника на волоконний світловод, шляхом здійснення його рефлектометрії, із забезпеченням підвищеної завадостійкості і живучості засобів. Зазначене потребує розробки методів та моделей в галузі волоконної оптики, як теоретичної основи обґрунтування ефективного моніторингу рухомих об’єктів на сухопутному кордоні з метою, у першу чергу, автоматичного виявлення і розпізнавання правопорушника при врахуванні загроз прикордонній безпеці і є підґрунтям для формулювання наукової проблеми дослідження. В статті здійснюється дослідження діючого методологічного апарату моніторингу рухомих об’єктів на сухопутному кордоні із застосуванням волоконно-оптичних засобів охорони.

Robert De Boer, Sidney Dekker

Automation surprises in aviation continue to be a significant safety concern and the community’s search for effective strategies to mitigate them are ongoing. The literature has offered two fundamentally divergent directions, based on different ideas about the nature of cognition and collaboration with automation. In this paper, we report the results of a field study that empirically compared and contrasted two models of automation surprises: a normative individual-cognition model and a sensemaking model based on distributed cognition. Our data prove a good fit for the sense-making model. This finding is relevant for aviation safety, since our understanding of the cognitive processes that govern human interaction with automation drive what we need to do to reduce the frequency of automation-induced events.

D. V. Rogozin, J. I. Bulygin, O. O. Zabara

Chemical analysis of flux-cored wire NR-207 deposited metal by a method of optical emission spectrometry makes it possible to determine the influence of the composition of flux-cored wire NR-207 on the emission and chemical composition of the welding aerosol. Chemical composition of deposited metal is a complex index of chemical composition of metal cover and wire core. Such dangerous substances as compounds of manganese, fluorine, aluminum, nickel, and fluorinated gases are released during welding with wire NR-207 into the working space of a welder.