Nowadays, to increase of sheet hydroforming’s precision and effectiveness, new processes can be combined with it such as ultrasonic vibration. Even synchronic use of these two methods was studied in some metal forming processes such as tube hydroforming, but it has not been studied in sheet hydroforming. Therefore, the aim of this research is the experimental study of St14 sheet hydroforming with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. For this purpose, ultrasonic vibration (with 20 kHz frequency and 4 μm amplitude) was applied radially to the punch of a hydro-mechanical deep drawing die. Then, process parameters consisting of LDR, maximum height, forming force, safe working zone, and thickness distribution were determined and compared in four states conventional deep drawing (CDD), hydroforming deep drawing (HDD), ultrasonic vibration assistance deep drawing (UDD) and ultrasonic vibration assistance hydroforming deep drawing (UHDD). Results indicate that applying ultrasonic vibration into the sheet hydroforming process increases LDR by12.5% and the maximum height of the cups by 35% compared to conventional deep drawing, decreases forming force by 8% and develops a safe working zone. Also, it effectively reduced thickness distribution by 18% and decreased sheet thinning in critical sections by 16%. Therefore, it is possible to see the positive effects of ultrasonic vibration on sheet hydroforming process. This situation can be justified from two macroscopic (ultrasonic lubrication) and microscopic aspects (acoustic softening).
Children with Down syndrome generally have difficulty with daily living skills. Therefore, an appropriate learning approach is needed to train DS children to have daily living skills. The aim of this research is to identify the level of learning visual ability of children with Down syndrome, then explain the parameters of visual content animation as a tool to obtain responses from children with Down syndrome, and to determine the effective animation content to help the independence process of children with Down syndrome. The research method used is a mix method. This research uses an experimental study where the participants are children with Down Syndrome. Data collection methods use interviews, observation and questionnaires. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test The results of this research found that Down syndrome children have different characters, levels of learning abilities and interests even though they are the same age and DS children tend to experience problems with independence, especially toilet training. Independent intervention to be used as a learning medium can be done through animation media whose visual content matches their character and preferences. The test results show that there is a significant effect of learning through animated videos on the level of message understanding and toilet training independence in DS children. With the characters, environment, duration, colors, figures in the video that they like, it will further increase their interest in the video so that they can understand the message in the animated video easily.
سلولهای خورشیدی حساس شده به مواد رنگزا، یک فناوری جدید برای تولید انرژی الکتریکی زیست سازگار است. مواد رنگزا در این فناوری، نقش تولید الکترون را با دریافت نور فرودی دارند. در این مطالعه یک ماده رنگزای آلی با استفاده از کربازول به عنوان ماده شروع کننده تهیه شد. هیدروژن بازی کربازول با ایندیگو جایگزین و دو گروه استیل آمین بر روی حلقههای فنیل کربازول قرار داده شد. مواد رنگزا برای تایید ساختار شیمیایی، توسط روشهای دستگاهی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ویژگیهای جذبی ماده رنگزای سنتز شده در سه حلال اتانل و استونیتریل (حلالهای قطبی) و بنزن (حلال غیرقطبی) بررسی شد. مطالعه فرایند لایه نشانی و تغییر بیشینه جذب، در حلال اتانل و سطح نیمهرسانا دیاکسیدتیتانیم انجام شد. امکانسنجی کاربرد ماده رنگزا و انتقال الکترون تهییج یافته و پرشدن حفره توسط روش ولتسنجی چرخهای ارزیابی شد. در نهایت سلول خورشیدی با استفاده از الکترود مقابل پلاتین شده و الکترولیت زوج اکسایش - کاهش ید مجتمع شد. بازده دستگاه و مقدار طول عمر الکترون تهییج یافته به ترتیب در حدود 17/6 درصد و 02/29 میلیثانیه به دست آمد.
The transition toward a post-plastic era challenges designers to develop strategies for the responsible use of polymeric materials within circular models. This study explores how design can support this shift by identifying practical actions and key competencies. Using an integrated approach that combines literature review with the mapping of 100 case studies, four areas of intervention are defined: user awareness, material characterization, circular manufacturing, and life cycle anticipation. The result is a set of systemic and anticipatory design practices. They serve as actionable guidance for designers and stakeholders navigating the transition. Rather than promoting continuous polymer use, the study supports critical, informed approaches to applying circular polymers and phasing out fossil-based plastics.
The purpose of this study is to implement a robotic arm pencil sketching system through a novel drawing path planning method. Firstly, to enhance the craftsmanship and uniqueness of the artwork, the original image is transformed into an animated style using AnimeGANv2. After image processing, the image is divided into boundary and background layers for drawing path planning. In the realm of path planning, traditional methods often involve manual path design by artists, and only recently have automated path planning methods been proposed. However, these recent approaches still have some limitations. For instance, a pursuit of efficiency can lead to overly uniform strokes, making the artwork resemble a print rather than a genuine piece of art. Therefore, this study introduces a new path-planning approach based on the traveling salesman problem (TSP), utilising various algorithms for path-planning experiments. Different stroke effects generated by distinct algorithms are applied to appropriate areas. The aim is to let the generated artworks exhibit the technological appeal of algorithms while retaining the distinctive characteristics of pencil sketches. For robotic arm control, a force sensor is integrated onto the arm, and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is employed to monitor and precisely control the drawing force. Experimental results demonstrate that artworks created using genetic algorithms to generate drawing paths exhibit distinct colour-layering effects, emphasising the characteristics of pencil strokes. In comparison with previous methods, this approach effectively addresses the issue of overly uniform and rigid strokes in past techniques.
Elsa Catalina Olivas Castellanos, Fabiola Salas Díaz, Leonel De Gunther Delgado
This paper discusses why higher education professors are not retiring in due time and how economic programmes play a role in such a decision. We discuss public policies of higher education institutions to understand 1) why labour ageing occurs and 2) the challenges faced by professors and institutions. Our discussion focuses on showing how a series of policies and organisation-led rules can condition practices, thus contributing to labour ageing, by discussing the case of a country: Mexico. Due to public and university policies, labour ageing presents a challenge for university education. In that case, these policies must be accompanied by training processes for the lifelong productivity of professors. This paper shows the need to reevaluate practices to constantly address labour ageing in design academia, so that it might evolve and remain up-to-date with emerging trends and technologies.
This article reflects the ethnographic work carried out in Sever do Vouga, during the year 2022, within the scope of ongoing doctoral research. This step is the first phase of a set of six that make up the “Reality <> Change” methodology - an adaptation of the “Double Diamond” model developed by the Design Council (2019) made by researchers from ID+ and DESIS - which aims to to study the impact of Creative Industries in combating population decline in rural environments. Sever do Vouga is the place chosen to develop this investigation, as a result of the author’s contact with this territory since 2013. It is also the objective of this investigation to prove and verify this methodology.
Wang Zheng, Louis Ringah Kanyan , Musdi Bin Shanat
The present study examines the logotypes of successful Chinese domestic luxury brands (CDLBs), Shanghai Tang and Shang Xia, in order to reveal the underlying resonance between Chinese values and aesthetics. Based on signaling theory, the research underscores the importance of incorporating Chinese cultural elements into the branding strategies of CDLBs to attract Chinese consumers and distinguish themselves within the luxury fashion industry. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, comprising literature review, case analysis, and in-depth interviews, to analyze data from three distinct perspectives: contemporary trends, Chinese name selection, and the incorporation of local cultural elements in design. The findings suggest that CDLBs must strike a balance between conforming to current trends, particularly simplicity, and preserving authenticity, when selecting a Chinese name that holds cultural significance, and integrating traditional design elements in the details. This research provides practical guidance for professionals in the field and paves the way for future studies to explore related topics.
Svitlana Havenko, Jerzy Czubak, Marta Labetska
et al.
The peculiarities of the decoration of gravure imprints on cardboard using fluorescent inks are considered. The influence of the number of fluorescent impurities added to gravure printing ink on the optical indicators of printed image quality, particularly optical density, and gloss, is investigated. Increasing the number of fluorescent impurities added to the ink from 10 to 30% helps to increase the gloss on imprints from 2 to 15 units. Conducted thermogravimetric studies show the resistance of fluorescent imprints to the influence of temperatures during drying in the printing process. The topography of the surface of the substrates and its influence on the quality of imprints is studied. Conducted electron microscopic studies of imprints obtained with inks with different amounts of fluorescent impurities show their uniform distribution on the surface of the substrate. Studies of the fluorescence spectra of the ink and the imprints formed by it confirm the phenomenon of an increase in the intensity of the glow of printed images. The studies confirm the well-known influence of substrate roughness on the smoothness of gravure imprints. It is established that the absence of significant macro irregularities on the surface of Koppargloss FBB cardboard is due to the presence of two coating layers. Analysis of the surface profiles of FBB cardboard shows that its roughness parameter (Ra = 0.424 μm) is three times smaller compared to Incada Silk С GC1 cardboard (the roughness parameter Ra = 1.28 μm), with a single-layer coating. Such a pattern is also preserved on the imprints, which is reflected in their quality accordingly. Studies show that for imprints on GC1 cardboard, the average ΔE value is 2.23, for imprints on FBB cardboard, the average ΔE value is 3.71, which is due to the presence of double coating. The factors that can influence the process of fluorescence of printed images are outlined. The technological characteristics of inks for gravure printing on packaging are described.
Albert-László Barabasi guesses in this interview that understanding the hidden nature of what surrounds us might be interpreted as a structure of nodes and relations that describe their multifaceted and intertwined nature and dynamics. Network configurations characterize all the phenomena and structures that have been around for billions of years. As the Internet brought together the many pieces of information necessary, network scientists began to explore and map out the connections and the relations in every kind of scientific challenge, becoming an essential tool for most branches of science action. Network visualization plays a crucial role in these journeys of discovery in this process. Moreover, this means a role for designers and design tools to help the understanding of what is happening by visualizing the hidden processes that have been hidden, obviously connecting them to the underlying mathematical modeling.
Kaleeswaran Balasubramaniam, Rohan Soman, Paweł Malinowski
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based structural health monitoring applications are used in various engineering types of damage prediction and detection analysis. FBG can serve as an effective sensor for data monitoring applications as they are more robust in harsh environmental conditions and can be embedded directly into the structure. The paper aims to study the effect of the guided wave (GW) relative magnitude based on the bond and bond length with different piezoelectric lead zirconate transducer (PZT actuator) connections. The paper compares the signal amplitudes between the directly bonded and remotely bonded FBG in the structure. A parametric study was also conducted based on signal attenuation to show the changes in the bond lengths affecting the GW. The study is conducted on the subsystem-level aluminum structure. The bond length wave attenuation-based studies were done by applying glue at various distances from the FBG sensor and glue of various spread lengths to facilitate the concept of remote and direct bonding configurations. The paper tends to predict Lamb wave modes based on the arrival time and check effective bonding type in producing quality signal amplitude with different PZT connections.
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
The social and cultural changes brought about by industrialization and the Industrial Revolution highlighted the value of printmaking as a new means of expression in artistic presentation. The innovative mechanical production methods influenced their artistic production through the interest and experimentation of many artists, whose numbers should not be underestimated. On the other hand, the transfer of examples of traditional Japanese printmaking (Ukiyo-e) to Europe in 1700-1900 caused profound effects on Western art, beginning with Impressionism, one of the modern art movements. Especially in the last two decades, rapidly digitalizing technology has also provided radical changes in many social-cultural and economic fields. As a reflection of this, it has caused a change in the presentation of contemporary art and caused the formation of an innovative attitude that transforms-triggers the perception of the audience. Two effective factors are emphasized in the context of the effect of fine art print works on the phenomenon of art. One is the artist of the time, who uses all the media tools of his time with pure intuition to transform his artistic expression, his dreams into reality, and another is the audience of the artwork, who accepts only a part of his artistic presentation, which is helped by all technological tools, by discussing, and few of which will be praised by future generations. In this context, digital technology promises a free space to thousands of artists who produce screen presentations or artistic prints on many different media, enabling us to see them everywhere. It has indisputable that digital technologies are a new tool with a different line for artists, apart from the usual art presentation of contemporary art, which is in different quests with an innovative attitude in every period. From this point of view, in addition to the dynamic visual presentations in different places and platforms where the art audience can be involved and integrated into the contemporary art environment, the innovative attitude that fine art print artworks brings to the effect and behavior of the audience should also be considered. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how digital print technology and print works influence audience perception. The survey data analysis is interpreted in this article through excerpts from the dissertation titled “Effects of fine art printmaking on phenomenon of the art” which is still in progress.
Funded in 2000 in Northern Italy, the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) was a two-year post-graduate program entirely devoted to educate professionals to tackle a new interpretation of the relationship between human beings, design and digital technologies.
This paper retraces the history and the legacy of this Institution and how it was deeply related to Olivetti’s culture, bringing to a wider audience the experimental and visionary educational program through the lenses of some of its main characters: Mr. Franco Debenedetti, IDII Founder and President, Ms. Gillian Crampton Smith, School Director, Ms. Simona Maschi, member of the resident Faculty, and Mr. Giorgio Olivero, student and researcher at that time. The opening in 2021 of the Easy as a Kiss. Vision, story and impact of Interaction Design Institute Ivrea exhibition, curated by Jan-Christoph Zoels, pushed us to explore the origin of the Institution and present a retrospective of the experience.
In an ever-changing world, it is essential to integrate different
disciplines to create user-centred products and services.
Design alone cannot fully understand the needs and require-
ments of the end users, nor the emotions and mental states
they feel when they experience the product. There is a need
for a multidisciplinary work that brings together the skills of
designers with the most sophisticated neurotechnologies on
the market. Neuroergonomics is an applied discipline that
arises from the joint efforts of neuroscience and ergonomi-
cs. It uses existing knowledge about human behaviour and
brain functioning to identify human-friendly technologies
and interfaces and to support the design of safer and more
efficient work environments that can increase worker well-
being, while maximizing productivity. Thus, it can establish a
reference framework for decision-making in the architectural
and industrial design sector, focusing on central factors that
affect people’s reactions and behaviors.