Hasil untuk "Japanese language and literature"

Wentao Xu, Kazutoshi Sasahara, Jianxun Chu et al.

Abstract The Russo-Ukrainian War represents a significant contemporary conflict between two global powers, yet the dynamics of human-bot engagement during this conflict, particularly on social media platforms like Twitter and Reddit, remain underexplored. Existing literature has not adequately addressed how bots and humans interact differently across languages within this geopolitical discourse, nor how these interactions influence the broader narrative. This gap is crucial because understanding these dynamics can reveal how social media is weaponized in modern warfare, influencing public opinion and the course of the conflict. To address this gap, we conducted a comparative analysis of human-bot engagement by examining a longitudinal dataset of tweets and comments related to the Bucha unlawful killings, focusing on three languages: English, Japanese, and German. Our study utilized interlanguage toxicity profiling and network analysis to uncover the temporal trajectories of pro-Russian and pro-Ukrainian actors across these platforms. The analysis of over 20 million tweets and 1 million Reddit comments revealed that bots predominantly operated on Twitter (X), while human users were more active on Reddit. Moreover, we found that English content demonstrated Granger causality with cascade size and depth in minor languages like Japanese and German (p < 0.05), with temporal correlations between human and bot posting frequencies significantly heightening toxicity in English compared to the other languages. These findings not only illuminate the specific behaviors of humans and bots in the early stages of the Russo-Ukrainian War but also provide broader insights into the role of language and platform in social media warfare. By elucidating these network dynamics, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of how digital platforms can be manipulated in geopolitical conflicts, offering critical perspectives for future research and policy-making.

Tikhotskaya Irina S.

Since ancient times, Japanese people have been striving to live in harmony with nature, and it is not surprising that the capital of Japan, the city of Tokyo, is considered to be the first ecological city in the world. It is no coincidence that, in the early 20th century, the concept of Ebenezer Howard's “Garden City” was realized in the country. In particular, by the initiative of Shibusawa Eiichi, the “father of Japanese capitalism,” in the Den-en-chofu district of Tokyo, with its favorable economic and geographical position, a residential suburb, that still retains a certain flair of exclusivity, was created. Faced with the harmful environmental consequences of rapid economic growth in the post-war period and the predominant development of material-and energy-intensive industries with the highest polluting effect, in the 1980s, Japan began to ecologize large industrial centers. And it was in these cities that the Ecotown project was launched first. Both Japanese and foreign scientists, including those from Russia, have studied different aspects of this project and individual ecotowns. The aim of this article is to investigate how the ideas of green urbanism, embedded in the Ecotown project, are evolving in Japan and how the evolution of ecotowns is expressed in innovative urban projects. By analyzing the main ideas of green urbanism, the author shows the embodiment of the ecotown concept in the nationwide low-carbon technology development programs adopted in recent decades, adapted to local applications, in the creation of various new cities that necessarily include a “green” aspect. Examples of implemented city projects are presented according to these programs and official web-sites of individual cities. Japanese society is aging rapidly, with over 29 % of the population being over 65 years of age, which has led to complex social problems related to social security, mobility, and the devaluation of local communities. In this regard, more and more innovative ideas and programs are emerging across the country to revitalize communities and regions. The cities being created are, in essence, an evolution of the ecotown concept and a move towards countrywide low-carbon development while ensuring a high quality of life for all segments of population.

Salsabila Nadhifah Nur Hidayat, Ita Fitriana, Dian Bayu Firmansyah

This study aims to analyze the effect of perlocutionary acts used when communicating in vlogs. This is qualitative descriptive research. The theory used to analyze the data in this study is Leech's theory of perlocutionary verbs. The data source in this study is Diera Nathania's YouTube channel, and the data is perlocutionary acts contained in the vlog. The data in this study were analyzed using documentation techniques and note-taking. The results showed that there were 2 utterances containing the perlocutionary verb get hearer to think about, 13 data to bring hearer to learn that, get hearer to do 4 data, 2 data distract, 1 data persuade, 1 data encourage, 1 data relieve tension, 2 data inspire, 1 data embarrass, 1 data frighten. Speeches that contain perlocutionary verbs teach the hearer what is most widely used to make YouTube viewers know something.

Annisativa Novianti, Melia Dwi Judiasri, Dewi Kusrini

This study contrasting hakobu verb in Japanese with membawa verb in Indonesian. Hakobu verb if translated into Indonesian can be interpreted as 'membawa'. However, hakobu verb does not always have the meaning ‘membawa’ when translated into Indonesian. This can cause errors when translating hakobu verb into Indonesian or vice versa. The purpose of this study is to find out the similarities and differences between hakobu verb in Japanese with membawa verb in Indonesian in order to anticipate errors in Japanese learners. The method used is descriptive contrastive analysis method in which data in the form of sentences are obtained from websites and e-books totaling 37 sentences. Based on the data analysis it can be concluded that there are 3 similarities and 2 differences between hakobu verb and membawa verb. The similarity between hakobu verb with membawa verb is both having the meaning of (1) transport, move using tools; (2) holding, lifting while walking; (3) putting on something while moving. While the difference between the hakobu verb with membawa verb is hakobu verb has the meaning of (1) to carry out, to do; (2) making progress, in progress, ongoing but membawa verb doesn't have that meaning. Another difference is membawa verb has the meaning of (1) invite out, to go together; (2) to bring about, to cause; (3) pull, involve, while hakobu verb doesn't have that meaning. The results of this study can provide input for Japanese language teaching in the future.

A. L. Lukin, V. I. Voloshchak, S. V. Sevastianov

The article presents a comparative study of the sanctions policy of Japan and the Republic of Korea towards Russia and the assessment of the impact of their sanctions on the development of RussianJapanese and Russian-South Korean cooperation in the Russian Far East. The research is based on a wide range of primary sources – information materials of Russian, Japanese, and South Korean governmental bodies, primary sources of personal origin, as well as analysis of media materials. Based on the results of the study of the economic ties of Russia, Japan, and South Korea (in the areas of trade, investment, finance, tourism, and transport) and their interaction in the educational and cultural-humanitarian spheres under sanctions restrictions, the authors come to the conclusion that the sanctions policies of Japan and South Korea towards Russia have a common basis due to their belonging to the “collective West,” and the antiRussian measures they take are aimed at weakening the industrial and technological potential of the Russian Federation. At the same time, like most of their Western partners, Japan and South Korea are not ready to impose such sanctions that could cause significant damage to their own economic and strategic interests. There are important differences in the sanctions approaches of Japan and South Korea – Japan pursues a much tougher policy towards Russia, not only limiting exports to Russia, but also imposing a ban on imports of a number of goods from Russia. South Korea is much more willing to maintain ties with Russia and its Far Eastern territories, despite the unfavorable political situation, which is expressed, in particular, in the ongoing official contacts between Primorsky Krai and Vladivostok and a number of provinces and municipalities of the Republic of Korea. The authors suggest that ties between the Russian Far East and South Korea can be quickly restored once the situation around Ukraine is resolved, while the prospects for restoring relations with Japan look much less certain.

N. Zulkipli, Haslina Haroon

This article documents the publication of Malay literary works translated into foreign languages in Malaysia by the Malaysian Institute of Translation and Books from 1993 until 2018. This study uses the translation archeology method by D'hulst to obtain information about (i) translated literary works, (ii) parties involved, (iii) translation funding, (iv) method of translation and (v) function of translated literary works for the audience. The results show that the publication of Malay literary works into foreign languages only started in 2006. The publication of Malay Literature in foreign languages is divided into two categories – National Literature and Children's Literature. Within 25 years, 263 titles have been published in 12 foreign languages. The highest publication titles were translated from Malay into English, with 167 titles. There were 120 translators involved in this publication; 41 were native speakers (L1), while 79 were non-native speakers (L2). The most translated work by a Malaysian writer into foreign languages ​​is A. Samad Said for the National Literature category, while Rahimidin Zahari's work is the most translated for Children's Literature. The publication of Malay literary works into foreign languages was funded by ten international publishers using a cost-sharing strategy that included Germany, Japan, and Taiwan. This study implies that the documentation using this archaeological translation method can provide a complete picture of Malaysia's history, development, and translation activity.

M. N. Malashevskaya

The paper proposed deals with the history of Japanese-Mongolian relations over the period between 1997 and 2017 in the context of Eurasian diplomacy adopted by the Hashimoto cabinet in 1997. The paper on the evolution of the twenty-year bilateral political, economic and security cooperation, aligned with Eurasian policy and developed from “soft power” to “smart power”, focuses on the analysis of the Hashimoto Ryutaro, Koizumi Junichiro and Abe Shinzo administrations approaches.

A. V. Philippov

The article deals with the analysis of Japanese studies evolution in Russia and its key milestones on the base of problem-oriented historical approach since the very start in the late 17th century. The development of area studies on Japan in Russia was determined by many factors, such as geopolitics, domestic and foreign policy, socio-economic changes in all public authorities. Russian Japanology is presented as a complex science that has incorporated a number of scientific areas (language, history and culture, literature and art, ethnography and ethno-psychology, geography, economics, and politics). The Japanology specificity in Russia is the preservation of the unity and integrity of Japanese studies as a sign of respect for the classical traditions of Oriental studies. Among the main stages of development, the author considers the origins of Japanese studies in Russia, starting from the 17th century, the formation in the classical form at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, the crisis lines of 1905, 1917, 1937-1938. The next two stages, marking the completion of the review, can be considered as signs of certainly impressive results in scholarly publications for the Russian Japanese studies. The comprehensive analysis that had appeared in the scholarly works and literary translations of Russian Japanology scholars (from the mid-forties till perestroika-time, 1945-1985) was the result of a well-planned policy to promote Oriental studies based on a stable ideology and regular funding. The names of the most prominent scholars, twists and turns of their life activities and achievements are widely presented. The essay concludes with an overview of the situation at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, touches on the pros and cons that emerged in Japanese studies at the post-Soviet stage.

Isabelle Prochaska-Meyer, Cosima Wagner

Satoko Suzuki, Junko Mori

-

P. White

This paper explores a new line of analysis for comparing opinion writing by reference to differences in the relationships being indicated between author and addressee. It draws on recent work within the appraisal framework literature to offer proposals for linguistics-based analyses of what has variously been termed the ‘intended’, ‘imagined’, ‘ideal’, ‘virtual’, ‘model’, ‘implied’ and ‘putative’ reader (the ‘reader written into the text’). A discussion is provided of those means by which beliefs, attitudes and expectations are projected onto this ‘reader in the text’, formulations which signal anticipations that the reader either shares the attitude or belief currently being advanced by the author, potentially finds it novel or otherwise problematic, or may reject it outright. The discussion is conducted with respect to written, persuasive texts, and specifically with respect to news journalism’s commentary pieces. It is proposed that such texts can usefully be characterised and compared by reference to tendencies in such ‘construals’ or ‘positionings’ of the putative reader – tendencies in terms of whether the signalled anticipation is of the reader being aligned or, conversely, potentially unaligned or dis-aligned with the author. The terms ‘flag waving’ and ‘advocacy’ are proposed as characterisations which can be applied to texts, with ‘flag waving’ applicable to texts which construe the reader as largely sharing the author’s beliefs and attitudes, while ‘advocacy’ is applicable to texts where the reader is construed as actually or potentially not sharing the author’s beliefs and attitudes and thereby needing to be won over. This line of analysis is demonstrated through a comparison of two journalistic opinion pieces written in response to visits by Japanese politicians to the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo, one published in the English-language version of the mainland China newspaper, China Daily and one in the English-language version of the Japanese Asahi Shimbun. It is shown that one piece can usefully be characterised as oriented towards ‘flag waving’ and the other towards ‘advocacy’.

S. I. Marakhonova

This article is devoted to the memory of Serge Elisséeff (Sergey Grigor’yevich Eliseev), a prominent Japanologist of the 20th century; a globally recognized researcher and educator; founder of the Far Eastern school of research in the USA and academic Japanese studies in France; one of the first Russian experts on Japan and an emigrant from Soviet Russia. It describes different stages of his life and work in several countries of the world, and scientific and educational institutions he was connected with. The author also focuses on Eliseev’s contribution to the dissemination of knowledge about Japan and Japanese mentality in the Western world.

Febi Ariani Saragih, Hamim Solikhan

The oral translation course at the Japanese Language Education Study Program, Universitas Brawijaya does not impose special requirements for students who want to take it. For this reason, this study aims to analyse the quality of student’s oral translations and to determine the competencies that affect the results of student’s Japanese-Indonesian oral translations. In the translation quality, special parameters are used as measurement tools, which are: accuracy, fluency, and clarity. Meanwhile, the parameters to determine the competence that affects the translation results using the bilingual sub-competence, extralinguistic sub-competence, nation translation sub-competence, instrumental sub-competence, strategic sub-competence, psychological sub-competence. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The data used in this study were the transcripts of the results of the oral translation exercises from the audio “Nihongo Soumatome Mondai” that was played. The data collection technique uses primary and secondary sources. The analysis in this study used Miles and Huberman theory (reduction, data display, and verification). The result of accuracy parameter is inaccurate and the fluency parameter of the most translated result is fluent. In the clarity parameter, the highest number of translated results is non-acceptable. This shows that although students are fluent, their translation result are not acceptable. Meanwhile, the translation competence that affects the translation results of students who take the tsuuyaku course is the lack of a bilingual sub-competency factor or mastery of the source language of a translator. Although they already had the basics of translation before, however, due to the low bilingual sub-competence, no matter how well the translation theory has been mastered, it is still difficult to produce an accurate and clear translation.

S. Edwards, Akemi Ashida

PurposeThis paper reviews the national and institutional internationalization activities in Japan's higher education sector and considers the extent to which these efforts have attempted to incorporate and/or contribute to meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Design/methodology/approachThis paper was developed based on a review of available demographic data on internationalization in Japan (in both English and Japanese), a survey of recent scholarly literature on this topic and conversations with numerous faculty and staff members working on internationalization issues in a wide range of higher education institutions throughout the country.FindingsThere are substantial internationalization efforts being made at both national and institutional levels, yet scholars and practitioners of higher education question the extent to which genuine internationalization is occurring. Moreover, the metrics used to track internationalization are somewhat limited and the available data, in many cases, can be complicated to interpret. A bit of tension also exists in Japanese universities between those who support the movement to internationalize and those who see it as a passing fad, an intrusion on their academic freedom and/or as a guise for Westernization – a tension that some cite, along with language barriers and system misalignment, as a challenge to internationalization.Originality/valueNumerous scholars discuss the internationalization of higher education in Japan. The originality of this paper is in the comparison of Japan's higher education internationalization efforts to the movement to achieve the SDGs – both in Japan and as a global effort.

H. Uchida, S. Sakamoto, M. Kasahara et al.

Liver transplantation (LT) is often viewed as the last resort for the treatment of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (CEPS) due to advancement of imaging and interventional radiology techniques. However, some patients still require LT, and criteria for LT are yet to be determined. We conducted a national survey of patients undergoing LT for CEPS between June 1998 and August 2018 and evaluated the clinical data and outcomes with a review of previously reported patients from the English‐language medical literature. A total of 26 patients underwent LT in Japan at a median age of 5.2 years old. The most common indications for LT were persistent hyperammonemia (54%) and liver mass (50%), followed by pulmonary complications (38%). Pulmonary complications in all patients, including intrapulmonary shunt and pulmonary hypertension (PH), were improved after LT. Regarding the 29 previously reported patients in the English‐language literature, a liver nodule (49%), including hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, was the most common indication for LT, followed by pulmonary complications (34%). A total of 25 (96%) patients in our survey and 26 (90%) patients in the literature review were alive with a median follow‐up period of 9.5 and 1.6 years, respectively. Although LT has a limited role in management of CEPS, our study indicated that LT was safe as an alternative treatment for select patients with malignant tumor or pulmonary complications and those with complications related to new portosystemic collateral vessels after shunt closure, such as PH or hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Angela Turzynski-Azimi

ABSTRACT This study investigates translation procedures employed for culture-specific items (CSIs) in Japanese tourism texts. Quantitative corpus-based methods were used to examine a unidirectional parallel corpus of texts gathered from websites promoting tourism to regional destinations. The aim of the analysis was to determine whether, and if so how, translation procedures for CSIs are conditioned by CSI category, and the impact exerted at the macro level on the image of Japan as a tourist destination. The analysis reveals that CSI category is a conditioning factor modulating the choice of translation procedure. Drawing on Lawrence Venuti’s conceptual framework of domestication and foreignisation, the findings suggest a predominant tendency towards domestication in the translation of CSIs in Japanese tourism literature, airbrushing the strangeness of the source text. A key contribution is the incorporation of quantitative methods to analyse the translation of CSIs in tourism texts, notably in culturally remote source and target language communities.

Novan Zukarnain, B. S. Abbas, S. Wayan et al.

Spell checking plays an important role in improving document quality by identifying misspelled words in the document. The spelling check method aims to verify and correct misspelled words through a series of suggested words that are closer to the wrong word. Currently, Spell checkers for English language are well established. This article analyses several studies conducted in various types of languages other than English. Like Africa, Arabia, China, Indonesia, India, Japan, Malaysia and Thailand. We use the systematic literature Review approach to paper published 2008 - 2018. there are 23 papers to represent each language and view methods used. The result show that each language has a different Spelling Check Method. The Damerau-Levenshtein algorithm method is most often used for spelling checkers.

John Adamson, D. Coulson, Naoki Fujimoto-Adamson

Hiroshi Nara

-

Ulfah Sutiyarti, Ive Emaliana, Edy Putra

This paper centers around the ideas of developing students' media literacy through integrating Japanese language learning and multimedia form. This media is utilized to facilitate Japanese irregular verbs (Doushi) learning on the basis of morphological changes. One of Japanese verb forms which is employed frequently are words which have suffix -te, for they are use ask, order and allow interlocutors to do something (-te kudasai); to show present activities (-te imasu), to give permission (-temo ii desu); and to show prohibitions (-tewa ikemasen). Preliminary study elucidated that students found these Doushiare problematic and complex; thus, additional learning media to learn autonomously is inevitable for students to practice outside the classroom tasks. Researchers attempt to achieve this by developing appropriate teaching media by using Macromedia Flas8 software based on ADDIE model research and design steps, including Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation, Evaluation. The media is called Kumori, which provides interactive and meaningful media for student self-directed learning. The findings shows that Kumorias the instructional media in learning Japanese vocabulary which follows steps of the ADDIE model in order to produce an effective and efficient instructional tool for language learning, can give positive impact to students’ academic achievement. Therefore, adopting an appropriate instructional model must because it is a systematic process in developing proper instructional materials for an effective education and training program. Further, Kumorialso expected to able to contribute and implicated in Japanese language teaching and learning.