Hasil untuk "English literature"

Shaymaa Alsalihi, Tavgah Ghulam Saeed

sexual imagery has been a significant phenomenon in modern literature as writers tend to enrich their writings with social taboos and erotic contents. This paper presents the poetry of D. H. Lawrence and Ted Hughes to show how those writers used sexual images to depict their male-ego, and their manhood. Concentrating on Freud`s psychosexual development, and the use of phallic symbols. Through examining Tortoise Shout by Lawrence, and Thought Fox by Hughes, the reader can notice the sexual images that resides behind their stanzas. Accordingly, this paper tries to discover the way both writers present those images. 

Ching-Yi Tien, Noor Azam Haji-Othman

The release of ChatGPT by OpenAI in 2022 marked a major milestone, beginning a new phase in how artificial intelligence (AI) is used in education and transforming the way students access and engage with academic resources. This study explores how non-native English-speaking students handle the language challenges of content-area courses in higher education when instruction is focused solely on professional subjects in an English-only setting, with limited explicit language support to improve English skills. Using a sample of undergraduate students (N = 63), this research examines differences in AI tool usage, perceptions, and outcomes based on gender, nationality, major, and year of study. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were performed on variables that measure perceived language learning benefits, cognitive skill development, creative tool use, and the overall effectiveness of AI tools. Open-ended questions provided qualitative data for this study. The findings show that AI and Generative AI tools meet students’ linguistic needs, address cognitive demands, support personalized learning, enhance understanding of subject material, and improve academic performance. Contrary to earlier research suggesting male students are more proficient with AI, this study finds that female students are more likely to view AI tools as beneficial for integrating thinking and higher-order cognitive skills. The study also discusses potential challenges related to AI use and notes its methodological limitations.

Dingding Haerudin, Ruswan Dallyono, Usep Kuswari et al.

Currently, a large number of ethnic languages worldwide are losing their vitality and popularity due to globalization and the influence of dominant languages such as English and Indonesian. Such a linguistic decline is both unsettling and disheartening because, in reality, this loss not only means a loss of communication tools but also a loss of identities and values. Against such a backdrop, this study aims to investigate Indonesian university students’ attitudes to their ethnic languages and to explore the factors that influence students’ fluency in their ethnic languages. To conduct this study, the qualitative method was used, and the data were obtained using questionnaires distributed to 78 university students from 10 universities across Indonesia through Google Forms. These participants were purposively selected from 18 different ethnic groups, including Ambonese, Balinese, and Sundanese. The findings indicate that there are various factors affecting the participants’ fluency in their languages, namely domestic use of their ethnic languages and parental encouragement, which turned out to positively affect fluency and cross-ethnic marriages and relocation of environments, which negatively impacted the participants’ fluency. Therefore, this study recommends two strategies to preserve ethnic languages: (1) teaching programs for ethnic languages: schools should administer classes to support students from ethnic-language-deprived backgrounds, and (2) local government policies: they are expected to issue and implement policies that encourage and protect the use of ethnic languages among younger generations.

Gelson Peter, Dexter Sigan John, Feona Albert Abell et al.

This study aims to identify the language choices within interracial marriages, focusing specifically on Malay-Melanau families in Sarikei, Sarawak, East Malaysia. The primary objectives are (1) to investigate the language choices among Malay-Melanau families in Sarikei and (2) examine factors influencing their choices. A sample of 14 respondents, all hailing from Malay-Melanau backgrounds and married for over five years, was selected using purposive sampling methods. Employing a mixed-method approach, respondents completed a Google Form questionnaire comprising both open and close-ended queries. The findings underscore a prevailing inclination towards Malay as the preferred language within the household. This preference appears to be chiefly influenced by two key factors: parental guidance and immediate surroundings. Notably, the language predominantly spoken by the parents cohabiting with the couples significantly influences their linguistic selection. The study highlights the critical role of parental language choices and the immediate environment in shaping the language dynamics within these families. Additionally, it emphasizes the necessity of promoting awareness regarding language preservation, particularly the nurturing of less-dominant languages spoken within the home environment. Efforts in this direction are essential for fostering linguistic diversity and cultural vitality within mixed-ethnicity households. By understanding these dynamics, stakeholders can better support policies and initiatives that encourage the maintenance of linguistic heritage in multicultural contexts.

Lucía Bennett-Ortega, Marta Falces-Sierra

In 1953 there was a projected collaboration between Dylan Thomas and Igor Stravinsky: an opera whose libretto was to be written by the poet and set to music by the composer. Unfortunately, due to Thomas’s death that same year, this plan never materialised. The aim of this article is to offer a detailed exploration of the context within which this project originated and what it entailed for the poet, especially in relation to the direction where Thomas’s work was taking him before his death. The opera with Stravinsky could have been the culmination of the poet’s work inasmuch as it brought together his love of sound, rhythm and music, the horror of the war, his fascination with language and the near-extinction of human life. Moreover, the artists were able to exchange a series of letters before Thomas’s death. The second contribution of our article is the publication of Stravinsky’s letters to Thomas, which have not been previously published. Whilst the narrative of their encounters and relationship has been shaped in certain ways by different writers, a close examination of the primary source materials—the accounts of friends, the content of the letters and the circumstances in which they were written help shed light on this highly promising, but uncompleted, project.

Peter Fjågesund

The article argues that the element of water (supplemented by the presence of islands and an island existence) serves as a wide-ranging and thus typically modernist leitmotif in the duology The Rainbow and Women in Love, taking its ultimate inspiration from the story of the Flood in Genesis. This, in turn, establishes a closer structural connection between the two works than is usually recognised. However, whereas in The Rainbow this motif remains throughout within an organic, meaningful, and ultimately constructive context, it is transformed in Women in Love into an almost exclusively destructive force, closely connected with the writer’s apocalyptic sentiments about the War. To some extent, the Flood or Deluge motif could be seen as a symbolic substitute, on a universal level, for the conspicuous absence of the War in the latter novel, that is as a threat of universal extinction. At the same time, the motif is also applicable to the individual lives of the characters and their needs for the death of an old self and the resurrection of a new one. In Women in Love Gerald Crich, in particular, personifies these destructive forces, both as an individual and as a representative of a larger system. Despite being confined almost exclusively to inland settings, this novel also explores ideas of escape, crossings, islands and insularity.

Yifei Xiang, Yifei Xiang, Xueqin Lin et al.

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare but aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is derived from NK cells or T cells. There are very few cases of ENKTL invading the heart. Only 12 cases of ENKTL invading the heart have been reported in the English literature. Due to the rarity of this lymphoma, an effective therapeutic strategy has not been defined. Here, we present a case of a 51-year-old Chinese male with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma invading the heart and review the literature. The patient received a chemotherapy regimen of PD1 monoclonal antibody (Sintilimab) in combination with first-line P-Gemox. The patient survived for 2 months after diagnosis.

Georgios Kalifis, Theodorakys Marín Fermín, Vasilios Raoulis et al.

Introduction: Meniscal tears in professional soccer players, may lead to decreased game time and potentially affect their career and quality of life in the long term. Advancements in surgical techniques and increased duration of many elite soccer players’ career may necessitate re-evaluation of the treatment strategies. Objectives: To review the current literature regarding surgical management of meniscal tears in professional soccer players. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed has been conducted. Studies in English, reporting results of surgical management of meniscal tears or meniscal deficiency in professional soccer players were included. Studies not mentioning return to play (RTP), not examining professional soccer players or not published in English were excluded. Results: Following meniscus repair, an 82% to 90% RTP is reported. Mean time to RTP has been reported from 4.3 to 5.5 months. The outcomes of a single study reporting partial meniscectomy results in professional soccer athletes were 100% RTP at a mean of 1.5 months. Successful results with RTP 92.3 to 100% after salvage procedures such as meniscal allograft transplantation or collagen meniscal implant has been reported, Mean time to RTP stood at 10 to 11.8 months. In addition, knee osteoarthritis is more common after lateral meniscectomy in comparison to medial meniscectomy in the long-term follow-up. Conclusion: Surgical management of meniscal lesions in professional soccer players is the mainstay of treatment. Partial meniscectomy may offer temporary relief and fast RTP. Meniscal repair requires a longer rehabilitation period but may have a chondroprotective effect on the knee. Explicit player consultation and individualized approach may lead to optimal outcomes.

T. Ciulla, M. Starr, S. Masket

Warren J Ferguson, L. Candib

Karolina Gawronska MSc, Jacek Lorkowski MD, PhD, DSc

Introduction: Studies revealed COVID-19 atypical symptoms such as falls, delirium, confusion, dizziness, unusual fatigue in older patients. Falls in the older population and their consequences are one of the leading causes of disability; they significantly reduce the quality of life and lead to loss of independence and impaired social functioning. The aim of this study is to present the possible correlation between COVID-19 and diseases of the musculoskeletal system, in particular the occurrence of fall-related injuries. Significance: This article highlights the importance of falls as one of the atypical symptoms of COVID-19 infection in older adults, which is not directly associated with infection and could be misinterpreted. Methods: The conducted meta-analysis is based on a review of the scientific literature available in English, French, Dutch, Polish in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, PEDro, GBL databases from December 1, 2019 to July 30, 2020, covering Clinical Trial, Randomized Controlled Trial, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Reviews and Case Reports. The following keywords were taken into account: fall, (hip/pertrochanteric/proximal femur) fracture, aged and COVID-19. Twenty-seven references were accepted for final analysis. Results: It was found that symptoms such as falls observed in the older adults can be associated with COVID-19 infection. Falls and slips are also the most common mechanism for hip fracture during the pandemic outbreak. Conclusions: According to authors of this study, atypical presentations of COVID-19 should be considered when screening and testing the people at increased risk due to their age. However, further prospective studies are urgently needed to investigate the possible correlation between COVID-19 and falls in older adults.

M. Pasini, R. Berto, M. Brondino et al.

Abstract The Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) has been reported relatively frequently in the literature, despite the psychometric and factorial properties of the scale not being well established. We argue that a detailed understanding of the meaning of individual items is the proper starting point for scale development and used this approach to develop shorter (11-item rather than 26-item) parallel versions in both Italian and English. Data collected from samples of Italian (n = 230) and English speakers (n = 100) were analysed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), comparing a 5 models based on previous published research and underlying theory. A four-factor model that mirrored four elements of Attention Restoration Theory (ART) had the best fit to the data. The resulting composite scale was invariant across nationality and gender.

C. Thanasas, G. Kontakis, A. Angoules et al.

Arif Aminullah, Bambang Apriady Loeneto, Machdalena Vianty

The implementation of ICT is very important in education. By using ICT, the process of teaching and learning is more effective and efficient. The objectives of this research were (1) to find out the attitudes of English teachers of public senior high schools in Palembang towards the use of ICT in the process of teaching and learning English, and (2) to find out the problems that commonly faced by English teachers towards the use of ICT in the process of teaching and learning English. This research was conducted at 16 public senior high schools in Palembang. There were 19 respondents who were selected by using �purposive sampling� technique. The data were collected by using questionnaire, interview, observation and documentation. The obtained data were analyzed in descriptive statistics. The statement checklist which used Likert scale was presented in the form of percentage while the results of answering descriptive questions was reported descriptively. The results showed that the attitudes of the teachers towards the use of ICT in the process of teaching and learning English were positive. However, some of them still faced many problems such as lack of ICT equipments, lack of competency, and also unsupported regulation from institution. Therefore, the facilities and infrastructures in each school and also the teachers� ability and knowledge about the use of ICT need to be increased.

María del Mar Sánchez Pérez, María Sagrario Salaberri Ramiro

The Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach has experienced a considerable growth and it is being progressively integrated into curricula all across Europe. It is a dual educational approach in which content and language must be combined. This approach introduces a new cognitive dimension which is missing in other language learning approaches by the addition of a new competence: using the language to learn. This study intends to analyze a lesson planning process of a CLIL Primary School Science lesson at a Spanish state school focusing on the cognitive dimension of the learning process of both Science content and foreign language skills.

Maggie Scott

This paper considers the visions of Scottish identity projected in twenty-first century, post-devolution Scots literature, and seeks to read them against Paul Gilroy’s 'Postcolonial Melancholia' (2005) which examines the protean identities of post-imperial Britain. Gilroy looks particularly at social and artistic manifestations of racial and cultural inequality, although conceding that there is also room for a ‘postcolonial conviviality’ that celebrates diversity. His critique of this ‘Britain’ is, however, selectively constructed, making only passing reference to the constituent nations of the United Kingdom, and no space is devoted to an evaluation of post-colonial Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland. As yet, no comparable analysis is forthcoming for these ‘home nations’, so this paper attempts to outline the ways in which Scottish—and particularly Scots—literature may provide relevant comparable cultural commentary. Focus is given here to literature written in Scots because the choice to write in Scots is strongly politically motivated and speaks immediately to the question of cultural inequality and loss. Specific attention is paid to Matthew Fitt’s B'ut n Ben A-Go-Go' (2000), Suhayl Saadi’s 'Psychoraag' (2004), and Anne Donovan’s 'Buddha Da' (2003), which various engage with questions of personal and national identity as their main characters take part in their personal journeys.

Joyjit Ghosh

Francisco José Cortés Vieco

Resumen: La reproducción audiovisual del canon literario en el ámbito anglonorteamericano implica un desafío de gran calibre ante crítica, académicos y público, resuelto con originalidad creativa y solvencia tecnológica en la adaptación cinematográfi ca Prospero’s Books de Peter Greenaway, quien reescribe y relee The Tempest de William Shakespeare. Creará un simbólico palimpsesto textual y visual que privilegiará la presencia física de libros con contenido enciclopédico y de esta obra teatral, escrita, leída y escenifi cada en un universo de imágenes preciosistas, sin descuidar implicaciones ideológicas sobre la autoría literaria, la propiedad del conocimiento y la coyuntura histórica con génesis en la dramaturgia isabelina.   Abstract: To satisfy scholars, critics and the public alike, the cinematographic adaption of the canon of English Literature implies a great challenge, which is technologically and creatively resolved by Peter Greenaway’s Prospero’s Books. This work successfully rewrites and rereads William Shakespeare’s The Tempest. The fi lm-maker builds and simultaneously unravels a metaphorical palimpsest, consisting of texts and images superimposed, to be handwritten, listened to and performed. This visual manuscript problematizes the physical presence of books and this play on screen, without overlooking ideological implications stemming from Elizabethan drama: the authorship of literature, the property of knowledge and historical circumstances.

Kara A Livingston, Mei Chung, Caleigh M Sawicki et al.

<h4>Background</h4>Dietary fiber is a broad category of compounds historically defined as partially or completely indigestible plant-based carbohydrates and lignin with, more recently, the additional criteria that fibers incorporated into foods as additives should demonstrate functional human health outcomes to receive a fiber classification. Thousands of research studies have been published examining fibers and health outcomes.<h4>Objectives</h4>(1) Develop a database listing studies testing fiber and physiological health outcomes identified by experts at the Ninth Vahouny Conference; (2) Use evidence mapping methodology to summarize this body of literature. This paper summarizes the rationale, methodology, and resulting database. The database will help both scientists and policy-makers to evaluate evidence linking specific fibers with physiological health outcomes, and identify missing information.<h4>Methods</h4>To build this database, we conducted a systematic literature search for human intervention studies published in English from 1946 to May 2015. Our search strategy included a broad definition of fiber search terms, as well as search terms for nine physiological health outcomes identified at the Ninth Vahouny Fiber Symposium. Abstracts were screened using a priori defined eligibility criteria and a low threshold for inclusion to minimize the likelihood of rejecting articles of interest. Publications then were reviewed in full text, applying additional a priori defined exclusion criteria. The database was built and published on the Systematic Review Data Repository (SRDR™), a web-based, publicly available application.<h4>Conclusions</h4>A fiber database was created. This resource will reduce the unnecessary replication of effort in conducting systematic reviews by serving as both a central database archiving PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) data on published studies and as a searchable tool through which this data can be extracted and updated.

Samia OUNOUGHI

This article explores the crossing of mountain passes in British novels dating from the turn to the end of the 19th century. This experience is identified as a phase of liminality, a transitory period during which the characters, having lost both their landmarks and their identity will find out who they are through an ordeal in the mountains. In exploring these novels using both pragmatics and human geography we meanwhile seek to show how much characters contribute to the framing of the mountains. Thus, poetics is here conceived as the very material the mountains are made of and it defines them as spaces in movement.