Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a narrativa do filme “As memórias de Marnie” (2014), animação japonesa escrita e dirigida por Hiromasa Yonebayashi e produzida pelo Studio Ghibli, com foco nos elementos do fantástico e do maravilhoso. Para embasar a discussão, adotam-se como referenciais teóricos as pesquisas de Todorov (1992), Rodrigues (1988), Roas (2014) e Ceserani (2006). A análise revela que, inicialmente, tanto a protagonista, Anna, quanto o espectador duvidam da existência de Marnie, gerando questionamentos sobre sua natureza — se seria fruto de um sonho ou de uma construção imaginária. Essa ambiguidade configura um momento de hesitação que caracteriza o fantástico, conforme definido por Todorov. No decorrer da história, essa incerteza se dissipa gradativamente, e a existência de Marnie é confirmada. Contudo, a reviravolta final conduz a narrativa para o fantástico-maravilhoso, pois a revelação de que Marnie era a avó falecida de Anna insere o sobrenatural como parte da realidade aceita no universo narrativo. Dessa forma, a presença de Marnie na história se torna importante para o processo de autoconhecimento e autoaceitação da protagonista, demonstrando como o fantástico pode servir de veículo para a exploração da subjetividade e da construção identitária.
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Book Antiqua",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Jameel Noori Nastaleeq";">The influence of post-modernism is evident across various genres of Urdu literature, including poetry, ghazals, fiction, and novels. This paper seeks to examine and interpret the impact of post-modern philosophy and its stylistic trends on the language of the Urdu novel. The novel, as a genre, has been selected for this study due to its intrinsic connection with lived experience, serving as a dynamic reflection of society. In contemporary literature, the novel is regarded as one of the most potent social instruments, offering an unparalleled medium for articulating nuanced thoughts and ideologies. Through a critical analysis of linguistic and narrative techniques, this paper explores how post-modernism has reshaped the language and structure of Urdu novels, reinforcing their role as a mirror to evolving cultural and philosophical paradigms.</span></p>
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Computational linguistics. Natural language processing
Abstract This study aimed to (1) elaborate on microblogging-based instruction, which was built on social media platform X and designed based on the four phases of the design-based research (DBR) framework (Amiel and Reeves in J Educ Technol Soc 11(4):29–40, https://www.jstor.org/stable/jeductechsoci.11.4.29 , 2008); (2) put microblogging-based instruction into practice in a medical English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course; (3) examine students’ perceptions of the pedagogical value of X platform usage on their learning experiences; and (4) investigate how well microblogging-based instruction enhances the students’ specialised-language performance. On the basis of the four phases of the DBR framework, a study was conducted with students studying a medical ESP course to identify the problems in the teaching practices used in ESP courses. To improve the identified problems, following the second phase, social media platform X was used to supplement ESP face-to-face instruction. Three tasks were designed for the students to do on X. These tasks were implemented and assessed on 19 EFL first-year premedical undergraduate students over 16 weeks at a university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data collected from the students included a copy version of the ESP final test, a questionnaire, and semi- structured interviews. The results revealed that X-based instruction improved students’ ability to use medicine-specialised language, offered opportunities for students to become more familiar with medicine-specific terms, perceived ability in using writing and reading skills, collaborative learning, and generated thoughtful discussions outside the confines of the classroom. However, the students’ inadequate knowledge of the specialised subject, the stress of making X mandatory, and log- in overload remain key challenges against the effective appropriation of X use in an ESP context.
Special aspects of education, Language acquisition
I argue that third person is not underspecified: there must be a distinct third person feature. I add to the existing body of morphological arguments for this conclusion (Nevins 2007; Trommer 2008, a.o.) a syntactic argument: I show that there is omnivorous third person agreement in Algonquian languages. I focus here on two, Blackfoot (Plains Algonquian) and Plains Cree (Central Algonquian), demonstrating that they have an agreement suffix (the peripheral suffix, analyzed as a probe in C) that indexes the number, animacy, and obviation of the structurally-highest third person argument, skipping over first and second person if it has to. I argue that alternative analyses of this agreement pattern in terms of animacy, obviation, and the categorial feature [D] do not work; thus, third person must be specified even in the syntax (contra Preminger 2019).
Historiography of Islam has often reflected the efforts to construct history distorted by political elements of power and the subjective interests of historians, hindering the presentation of the true historical facts. One of the pressing issues is how the use of the Arabic language in historical texts influences the understanding of Islamic historiography. This research aims to detail and analyze the characteristics of Islamic historiography during the medieval period, especially in the context of the Mamluk Dynasty, with a focus on the role of the Arabic language. The research methodology involves a literature review, examining various previous studies on Islamic historiography. The results of data analysis reveal characteristics of encyclopedic scholarship, the pivotal role of the Arabic language as the primary means of communication in constructing historical narratives, and the presence of creativity and originality in historical writings. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to the development of theoretical frameworks for understanding the history of medieval Islam during the Mamluk period. This study is essential for delving into Islamic historiography of the past, especially in the context of the use of the Arabic language, to gain a deeper understanding of how Islamic history was recorded and conveyed during the Mamluk Dynasty. With this understanding, we can grasp the political, cultural, and social nuances that shaped the Islamic historical narrative during this period, while highlighting the crucial role of the Arabic language in this process.
Abstract This qualitative study explores Korean high school students’ exercising of agency in processing and producing L2 writing. Data were collected from off-line and online interviews, field notes, and other written materials over the course of two years and analyzed from a social view of agency (Ahearn, in: Jaspers, Östman, Verschueren (eds) Society and language use, John Benjamin Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 2010; van Lier in Sociocult Theory Teach Second Lang 163:186–193, 2008). The students’ engagement in varied L2 writing projects and their writing artifacts consistently showed their enhanced awareness of linguistic and other semiotic resources which resulted in their frequent and continuous use of multiple languages and other placed resources. Meanwhile, they developed their strategies and reshaped their L2 writing practices considering the given context, placed resources, and their funds of knowledge. Findings from this study provide valuable insights into the open possibilities of EFL students’ exercise and development of agency, which is an increasingly necessary feature of life-long learners in the post-pandemic era.
Special aspects of education, Language acquisition
Este artigo discute a articulação entre comunicação, resistência e luta pela sobrevivência das comunidades quilombolas na pandemia da Covid-19. Traz a análise de conteúdo das publicações no Instagram e das entrevistas com integrantes da Coordenação Nacional de Articulação das Comunidades Negras Rurais Quilombolas (Conaq) e da Federação das Comunidades Quilombolas do Estado de Minas Gerais (N’Golo). Os resultados apontam várias desconexões (digital, estradas, eletricidade) que dificultam a comunicação. Neste cenário, o WhatsApp aparece como elo entre organizações e comunidades. Destacam-se as estratégias de aproximação e a identificação da figura dos mediadores (donos dos celulares) no repasse das informações à população nos territórios quilombolas.
This article contests the dominant ethnocentric Human Rights grammar and proposes a decentred alternative by focusing on the legal epistemologies of Southern African Indigenous Peoples. Increasing inequalities, aggravated poverty, environmental degradation, unsustainable life-styles and socio-cultural polarisation are compelling challenges that demand approaches grounded on new narratives, beyond the framework provided by Western centric theorisation, binary logic, the individual liberal human rights paradigm and neo-liberal development and justice models. The cultural specificity of human rights as well as their rise as normative instruments and assertions of universal entitlements, stripped human rights off the political and transformative potential to challenge the economic, social and political structures at the core of the imbalances they aim at remedying. In an attempt to transcend the limitations of the current hegemonic human rights paradigm (centred on the individual, rights and legalistic approaches), the proposal advanced here aims at reclaiming and recapturing the insights and values of African Indigenous Peoples as intellectual capital to reconfigure the prevailing human rights discourse. This article strives to rework and enlarge the notion and content of human rights with elements from counter hegemonic alternative world-views informed by peripheral knowledge(s), subaltern legalities and epistemologies. It seeks to revert epistemic injustice by formulating an alter-native narrative based on Indigenous Peoples’ world-views.
La evolución de las tecnologías de la comunicación y los procesos de globalización de las últimas décadas han supuesto la consolidación de una industria de la comunicación dominada por un número limitado de productores de noticias, cuyo poder en el mercado no deja de aumentar. Se trata, a menudo, de grandes grupos mediáticos, que ofrecen contenido digital en diferentes lenguas, adaptado para las audiencias de distintas regiones. En este sentido, es paradigmático el caso de la bbc, dado que su financiación está constituida en gran parte por dinero público. El objetivo del presente artículo es comprender de qué forma se materializa la política de selección de contenidos (gatekeeping) y de traducción de la bbc en las versiones en español y portugués para América Latina, cuál es la vinculación de estas con la página web inglesa y en qué medida son independientes en cuestión de contenidos o cómo adaptan la información al público objetivo. El estudio se hizo mediante análisis de contenido estadístico descriptivo, a partir de una muestra recopilada entre el 14 de noviembre de 2016 y el 1 de enero de 2017. Los resultados indican que los sitios web del Servicio Mundial de la bbc para Sudamérica tienen una política propia de selección de contenidos o gatekeeping, y se percibe una cierta intención de adaptar los contenidos a la especificidad del lector meta.
Hamed Mowlaei Kuhbanani, Ali Alizadeh, Shahla Sharifi
Functional Discourse Grammar presented by Hengveld and Mackenzei (2008) as one of the newest Functional Grammar. This theory is mainly based on Dick’s Functional Grammar (1970s). According to Dick, every perfect Grammar should have Pragmatic, Psychological and Typological adequacy. FDG considers a top-down procedures for making speech for the sake of psychological adequacy. For acquiring Pragmatic adequacy, Speech act is considered as the basic element of studying in this approach. Furthermore, In FDG, language is studied in four separated levels in a top-down manner. The order of levels reveals the governing notion of functional and pragmatic units on formal and syntactic ones. Furthermore, FDG introduces a new approach for constituent order which has 84 positions in contrast to Greenberg (1963) 6 positions theory. In this paper, the general principles of FDG and different steps for making speech act is presented by giving Persian examples. Alongside this presentation, some typological behavior of Persian based on FDG and analyzing some Persian grammatical and discoursal phenomenon are discussed.
Language and Literature, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
L’articolo analizza le prime nove opere uscite nella collana di poesia Croma k per l’editore Oèdipus. La finalità è quella di ricollegare le caratteristiche formali di queste opere a una possibile tendenza della poesia contemporanea italiana.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
Over the last decade or so, Construction Grammar (CxG) has evolved into an influential paradigm in linguistic research. CxG subsumes a family of related constructional approaches to language including Cognitive Construction Grammar (Lakoff 1987, Goldberg 1995, Boas 2013), Berkeley Construction Grammar (Fillmore et al. 1988, Kay and Fillmore 1999, Fillmore 2013), Sign-based Construction Grammar (SBCG; Sag 2011, Boas and Sag 2012, Michaelis 2013), Radical Construction Grammar (Croft 2001, 2013), and Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 1987, 2008; Broccias 2013), among others (for an overview see Hoffmann/Trousdale 2013, Ziem and Lasch 2013, and Lasch and Ziem 2014). Although such approaches differ not only in methodological terms but also with respect to the types of linguistic phenomena addressed, they all embrace the view that both lexicon and grammar essentially consist of constructions, i.e. non-compositional (and compositional) formmeaning pairings of varying abstractness and syntagmatic complexity. Building on this basic assumption, this volume investigates a variety of grammatical phenomena in German from a constructional point of view, including argument structure constructions, prepositional constructions, comparative correlatives, and relative clause constructions. Each contribution is anchored in a constructional approach to language, and the constructional nature of each phenomenon addressed is demonstrated in detail. Why German? Since its beginnings in the 1980s, constructional research has primarily focused on English, although languages such as Czech, Finnish, French, and Japanese have also received considerable attention. Since the 2000s, there has also been a significant amount of constructional research on German, including Järventausta (2006), Imo (2007), Nikula (2007), Chang (2008), Cloene and Willems (2006a, b), Deppermann (2007), Rostila (2008), Felfe (2012), Zeldes (2012), Hein (2015), and Lasch (2017); as well as a number of edited volumes such as Fischer and Stefanowitsch (2006), Stefanowitsch and Fischer (2008), Günthner and Bücker (2009), Engelberg et al. (2011), Lasch and Ziem (2011),
У статті представлено психолінгвістичні особливості опису як одного з видів монологу. Визначено, що опис – це функціонально-смисловий тип мовлення, який є його типізованим різновидом як зразок, модель монологічного повідомлення у вигляді перерахування одночасних або постійних ознак предмета в широкому розумінні й таких, що мають для цього визначену мовну структуру. Синхронні (одночасні) зв’язки, які виражаються в цьому типі мовлення, – явні, безпосередньо підлягають спостереженню та потребують логічного осмислення. Встановлено базові ознаки описового типу висловлювання відповідно до його видів: портрет, пейзаж, характеристика, інтер’єр, натюрморт, опис дії, предмета, стану природи чи людини. Частково охарактеризовано структурні та синтаксичні властивості цього монологічного типу мовлення. Відповідно до психолінгвістичних даних встановлено, що дитина в процесі мислення може фіксувати об’єктивно існуючі зв’язки та виражати їх у мові у вигляді опису. Виокремлено показники комунікативного критерію: різновиди описів, які створюють діти; кількість мікротем та ступінь їх розгорнутості; композиційні особливості описів; синтаксис зв’язного цілого (граматичні способи міжфразового зв’язку). Основну увагу в статті акцентовано на психолінгвістичному аналізі описових висловлювань дітей 5-6-річного віку за визначеними показниками критеріїв. Відповідно до отриманих результатів аналізу мовленнєвих висловлювань-описів реципієнтів зроблено висновок про те, що врахування особливостей цього функціонально-смислового типу мовлення в процесі побудови описових висловлювань дає можливість усвідомлено використовувати різноманітність лексико-синтаксичного змісту мовного матеріалу, притаманного цьому типу монологічного мовлення, враховувати його композиційні особливості та граматичні способи міжфразового зв’язку/
The objective of this article is twofold: identify the discursive places of the intercultural; characterize the zouglou in Côte d'Ivoire as an intercultural practice. This form of artistic expression was revealed to the general public in 1990. Students, through this channel, denounce their deleterious conditions of study and life. The phenomenon is amplified and is taken by young people out of school. For 28 years, the zouglou has been holding a privileged place on the ivorian music scene. The first part of the analysis defines the intercultural and recalls the previous studies that have articulated it with discourse analysis. The intercultural, within this framework, is enshrined in the enunciative, dialogic and interactional dimensions of discourse. The second part examines the enunciative instances, the zougloumen and the audience, and proceeds to construct their discursive identity. The third part situates zouglou into a socio-discursive imaginary of diversity. Indeed, Multilingualism and musical heterogeneity are the main characteristics of it. Finally, the fourth part highlights the mechanisms of weakening identity specificities, such as the game of anthroponyms, pseudonyms and stereotypes.