Hasil untuk "Cartography"

Xiongwu Xiao, Jingwen Fu, Jian Shen et al.

Intelligent mapping technology has become more popular in the era of AI. However, traditional mapping accuracy evaluation methods, algebraic geometric methods (Hausdorff distance), and AI accuracy evaluation indicators based on IOU and its derivative methods, due to theoretical design flaws, are all unable to accurately calculate the true error values of the automated mapping results. Therefore, this paper proposes a theoretical accuracy evaluation method for intelligent mapping results based on automatic contour matching and Riemann integration. Firstly, we calculated the inflection-point matching relationship between the mapping contour and the real reference contour based on the proposed contour matching method. Next, using the inflection point matching relationship between the two contours, the two vector contours are divided into several groups of mutually matching edges. The distances between the matching edges were calculated using the proposed calculation method, and the weighted average distance of these distances based on the lengths of the matching edges was considered as the error of the mapping contour. Experiments were conducted on an ideal dataset and two groups of mapping-contour data generated by different automatic mapping algorithms. The experiments show that the accuracy evaluation effect of the proposed method is significantly better than that of the existing mapping accuracy evaluation methods.

Huijun Zhou, Jing Zhang

Geographic Artificial Intelligence supports smart city land management, where modeling complex inter-parcel relationships and extracting effective features remain key challenges for accurate land use classification. Urban areas exhibit diverse relationships including spatial similarity between adjacent blocks, configurational similarity between non-adjacent blocks, and heterogeneous relationships among functional zones. However, existing research lacks comprehensive frameworks to fully describe these complex interaction systems. We propose a graph neural network framework based on higher-order Markov inference that integrates three types of complex relationships for urban land use identification. The framework utilizes social media check-in data to construct a third-order transition matrix, explicitly modeling population mobility’s chain influence mechanism. It employs hypergraph structures to fuse point-of-interest semantic features with remote sensing visual features, capturing similarities among spatially distant but functionally homogeneous areas. Finally, it integrates multi-source feature embeddings and block adjacency relationships through distance-weighted graph attention networks. Empirical studies using real data demonstrate superior performance compared to traditional machine learning methods. Higher-order activity type inference performs optimally in areas with high population density, monofunctional land use, and heterogeneous destination land use patterns for inter-regional travel. This model provides scientific modeling approaches and analytical tools for urban land use planning and smart city management.

Longfei Wang, Tengfei Long, Wei Jiang et al.

This paper reviews the evolution of economic well-being assessment, examining traditional methods based on surveys and statistics alongside the emergent field of satellite remote sensing. Traditional approaches, employing indicators like GDP, HDI, and MPI, offer established methodologies but face limitations in data accessibility, spatial coverage, and capturing dynamic changes. Satellite remote sensing, utilizing nighttime light, daytime imagery, and derived data like NDVI, overcomes these constraints by providing large-scale, timely, and periodic surface information. Furthermore, we analyze methods for large-scale economic well-being assessment using remote sensing, encompassing statistical analysis, machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning. Finally, we explore future directions, emphasizing the development of more comprehensive indicators, multi-source data fusion integrating subjective well-being, and advancements in deep neural networks to improve accuracy, generalization, and interpretability for robust, large-scale economic well-being assessment and poverty reduction strategies.

Sergei Rasskasov, Taissiya Marmontova, Kairat Abdrakhmanov

Introduction. This paper focuses on the publication and analysis of two little-known maps from the mid-18th century, preserved in the 192nd collection of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA). These maps are directly related to the history of the Old Ishim and New Ishim (also known as Presnogorkovskaya) borderlines. These lines marked the frontier between territories administered by the military and civil authorities of the Siberian and Orenburg provinces of the Russian Empire and the lands of the Kazakh steppe. The study aims to demonstrate the significance of these cartographic documents for understanding imperial frontier planning and decision-making during the 18th century. Methods and materials. The primary materials are two manuscript maps held in RGADA’s 192nd collection. These documents include not only geographic representations but also narrative cartouches containing administrative and descriptive information. The study applies descriptive and historical-comparative methods, as well as spatial analysis and the method of “neighboring context.” The combination of cartographic and textual analysis allows for a comprehensive interpretation of these historical artifacts. Analysis. The paper provides a detailed description of the maps and a transcription of the texts within the cartouches. These texts offer insights into how border lines were projected and justified, shedding light on Russian imperial decision-making processes in frontier governance. The analysis of historiographical literature reveals that such cartographic sources have received insufficient scholarly attention. This neglect limits the potential to understand the full scope of spatial and administrative strategies employed in 18th-century Russian expansion. The study highlights the need to treat maps not merely as illustrations but as integral historical sources. Results. The expected outcomes include the integration of these newly published sources into ongoing research on the history of Siberia and Kazakhstan, the stimulation of academic interest in historical cartography, and the recognition of maps as valuable tools for reconstructing imperial spatial practices. By bringing these maps into scholarly discourse, the paper contributes to both the regional historiography of Central Eurasia and methodological advancements in the use of visual documents in historical research. Authors’ contribution. Sergei Rasskasov discovered the maps in the 192nd collection of RGADA, conducted their description, and prepared the transcriptions of the cartouches. Taissiya Marmontova and Kairat Abdrakhmanov contributed to the analysis of the historiographical context and the interpretation of the archival background. All authors participated in framing the theoretical approach and finalizing the analytical structure of the paper.

Filipe Floriano da Cruz, Raiane Rintielle Vaz Menezes, Ítalo Oliveira Ferreira et al.

As estações maregráficas podem ser divididas em primárias, secundárias e terciárias. A primárias são operadas por pelo menos 19 anos, as secundárias entre 1 e 19 anos e as terciárias entre 32 dias e 1 ano. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da série histórica de níveis do mar na definição do Nível médio do Mar Local (NMML) e do Nível de Redução (NR), empregando séries temporais de estações maregráficas primárias, secundárias e terciárias, bem como avaliar as discrepâncias geradas quanto a utilização destas. Para alcançar esse propósito, dividiu-se uma série de 39 anos da estação da Cananéia-SP em duas primárias (cada uma com 19 anos) e, a partir destas, obteve-se séries secundarias e terciárias. Em seguida, encontrou-se o NMML, as componentes harmônicas e, posteriormente, o NR de cada série temporal. A avaliação foi efetuada por meio da análise exploratória das discrepâncias dos dados, e os resultados encontrados demonstram que tanto o NMML quanto o NR apresentam variações temporais e que podem ser calculados com base em séries terciárias. No entanto, recomenda-se que estes sejam obtidos, sempre, baseados em séries atuais.

H. Zhan, Y. F. Yu, Y. W. Xu et al.

For conventional SfM pipeline, image matching is enduring limitation when considering the time efficiency. In the last few years, to speed up image matching procedure, many image retrieval works were proposed to fast find overlapping image pairs, e.g., bag-of-word that clusters hand-crafted local features in a hierarchical way for efficient similar image retrieval, or learning-based global features (such as, VGG or ResNet) are used to represent image in a global compact manner. However, there are rarely benchmarks with referenced overlapping information to: first, evaluate the retrieval performance; second, fine tune deep-learning models along the direction that is more capable to deal with overlapping image pairs.<br />In this work, based on traditional photogrammetric procedures, relevant photogrammetric information is obtained including image orientation parameters, 3D mesh model and etc., we then generate a benchmark for determining Overlapping Images - BeDOI, in which referenced pairwise overlapping relationships are estimated via rigorous photogrammetric geometry. To extend the generality, in total, BeDOI contains 13667 images which are basically UAV and close-range images of various scene categories, e.g., urban cities, campus, village, historical relics, green land, buildings and etc. Lastly, to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed BeDOI, several image retrieval methods are tested and the experimental results are reported as a competition challenge.

Quan Qin, Shishuo Xu, Mingyi Du et al.

Urban Functional Zone (UFZ) identification is vital for urban planning, renewal, and development. Point of Interest (POI), as one of the most popular data in UFZ studies, is transformed into a geo-corpus under specific sampling strategies, which can be used with Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology to extract geo-semantic features and identify UFZs. However, existing studies only capture a single spatial distribution pattern of POIs, while ignoring the other spatial distribution information. In this paper, we developed an integrated geo-corpus construction approach to capture multi-spatial distribution patterns of POIs that were represented by different modal POI embeddings. Subsequently, random forest model was leveraged to classify UFZs based on those embeddings. A set of combination experiments were designed for performance validation. The results show that our proposed method can effectively identify UFZs with an accuracy of 72.9%, with an improvement of 8.5% compared to the baseline methods. The outcome of this study will help urban planners to better understand UFZs through investigating the integrated spatial distribution patterns of POIs embedded in UFZs.

D. Schmidt-Vogt

Meyra Fuentes, Koreen Millard, Emil Laurin

Particulate Matter (PM) emissions originating from mine waste and mine tailings can be hazardous to human health, depending on the ore type and processes used to extract ore. Until now, only a single, simple estimate of the total area of mine waste area across all of Canada has been available for calculating air quality emissions from this source. This single estimate, based on manual satellite interpretation completed in 1977, was extrapolated to estimate mine areas for all years from 1990 to the present. These area estimates were used annually to calculate the particulate matter from mines for the Canadian Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (APEI); however, there is high uncertainty in these measurements of mine area and therefore in emissions estimates. In order to increase certainty in emissions estimates, the exposed mine waste areas must be mapped for each year. Mapping mine waste over areas as large as the Canadian landmass requires enormous quantities of data and considerable computational power, which will be compounded when a time-series analysis is required. Therefore, in this study, we have employed Google Earth Engine (GEE) Javascript API to map exposed mine areas in four “benchmark” years (1990, 2000, 2010, and current year 2018) as part of the APEI. A random forest classifier was trained using two separate datasets (Landsat-5 year 2000; and a combination of Landsat-8, Sentinel-1, and Sentinel-2 for the year 2018). Transfer learning was then used to apply the year 2000 model to the year 1990 and 2010 Landsat-5 imagery, which produced classification results for the four “benchmark” years in our time series. This tool has enabled the monitoring of mine growth over a 30-year period and has confirmed that overall the area of mines is growing in Canada. Overall, Google Earth Engine proved to be an invaluable tool in mapping exposed mine waste areas and would be similarly useful for any organization with large-area monitoring mandates or those interested in time-series analysis of the Landsat archive.

Ihor Trevoho, Borys Chetverikov, Lubov Babiy et al.

This article applies radar interferometry technologies implemented in the ENVISARscape and SNAP software environment provided by the processing of data from theSentinel-1 satellite. The study was carried out based on six radar images of Sentinel-1A andSentinel -1B taken from September 2017 until February 2018 with an interval of one monthand on the radar-module of the already mentioned SNAP software. The main input data forsolving the considered problem are radar images received from the satellite Sentinel-1B onthe territory of Stebnyk-Truskavets for six months with an interval of one month. Monitor-ing of the Earth’s surface using radar data of the Sentinel-1A with a synthesized apertureis implemented with the application of interferometric methods of Persistent Scatterers andSmall baselines interferometry for estimating small displacements of the Earth’s surfaceand structures. The obtained quantitative and qualitative indicators of monitoring do notanswer the processes that take place and lead to vertical displacements the six months butdo provide an opportunity to assess the extent and trends of their development. The speci-fication in each case can be accomplished by ground methods, which greatly simplify thesearch for sites with critical parameters of vertical displacements which can have negativeconsequences and lead to an emergency.

Magsad Huseyn Gojamanov, Alishir Ismayil Ismayilov

Transnational communication lines differ from other objects of the economy both in form and size, and in the task of their geodetic support, which requires the development of special methods for its solution. One of the ways of geodetic support with high accuracy is the choice of optimal (with minimal distortion) geodetic projection for the territories of transnational communication lines. Composite projection is one of the most appropriate methods to choose the optimal projection. This article presents the argumentation and results of experimental calculations for the implementation of optimal geodetic projection for transnational communication lines in Azerbaijan.

Oscar L. Miguel Castro

Existe mucha documentación, normativa y estándares dedicados a la metodología para evaluar la exactitud posicional de los productos de información geográfica. La mayoría de ellos tienen similares virtudes y casi todos adolecen de los mismos defec- tos. En este documento, se pretende dar una visión global de los métodos más usados para establecer la exactitud posicional de la cartografía.

Deren Li

N. Ranjbar Nooshery, M. Taleai, R. Kazemi et al.

Today municipalities are searching for new tools to empower locals for changing the future of their own areas by increasing their participation in different levels of urban planning. These tools should involve the community in planning process using participatory approaches instead of long traditional top-down planning models and help municipalities to obtain proper insight about major problems of urban neighborhoods from the residents’ point of view. In this matter, public participation GIS (PPGIS) which enables citizens to record and following up their feeling and spatial knowledge regarding problems of the city in the form of maps have been introduced. In this research, a tool entitled CAER (Collecting & Analyzing of Environmental Reports) is developed. In the first step, a software framework based on Web-GIS tool, called EPGIS (Environmental Participatory GIS) has been designed to support public participation in reporting urban environmental problems and to facilitate data flow between citizens and municipality. A web-based cartography tool was employed for geo-visualization and dissemination of map-based reports. In the second step of CAER, a subsystem is developed based on SOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing), as a data mining tools to elicit the local knowledge facilitating bottom-up urban planning practices and to help urban managers to find hidden relations among the recorded reports. This system is implemented in a case study area in Boston, Massachusetts and its usability was evaluated. The CAER should be considered as bottom-up planning tools to collect people’s problems and views about their neighborhood and transmits them to the city officials. It also helps urban planners to find solutions for better management from citizen’s viewpoint and gives them this chance to develop good plans to the neighborhoods that should be satisfied the citizens.

Chądzyńska Dominika, Gotlib Dariusz

Advanced terrain models are currently commonly used in many video/computers games. Professional GIS technologies, existing spatial datasets and cartographic methodology are more widely used in their development. This allows for achieving a realistic model of the world. On the other hand, the so-called game engines have very high capability of spatial data visualization. Preparing terrain models for the purpose of video games requires knowledge and experience of GIS specialists and cartographers, although it is also accessible for non-professionals. The authors point out commonness and variety of use of terrain models in video games and the existence of a series of ready, advanced tools and procedures of terrain model creating. Finally the authors describe the experiment of performing the process of data modeling for “Condor Soar Simulator”.

Ana Catarina Abrantes Garcia

The Azores and Madeira, located in the Atlantic Ocean, are two insular territories that stood as pioneers in the application of the Portuguese maritime expansion pattern. In this study will be present a comparative analysis between the ports of Angra and Funchal, based on some aspects of their geographies, local dynamics and infrastructure development. For this study, the crossed data from geography, cartography and archeology, as well as municipal historical sources, will contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of Angra and Funchal port spaces and how it might answer the emerging needs of growing trade and of defense of each port.Positioned on a chronological goal between the second half of the 17th century and the 18th century, the purpose of this analysis is to check how these two ports reflected their geographical and economical embeddedness and the cyclical conditions of the time and how they were able to meet the requirements of a port space, taking into account that these were two insular ports of the Modern Age limited by geomorphological constraints and the technological inability of the period unable to provide better physical infrastructures that somehow would improve its functionality and dynamic.

Morena Moretti, Alessandro Greco

Il Comune di Cesena svolge dal 2005 una georeferenziazione degli incidenti stradali sui propri territori, raccog liendo una mole di dati che saranno pubblicati su un portale accessibile liberamente. Scopo del portale è informare i cittadini rispetto ai luog hi ad elevato tasso di incidentalità, alla trasparenza dell’ente rispetto agli interventi di sicurezza stradale e alle azioni di controllo nei period i critici. The Municipality of Cesena held since 2005, a georeferencing of road accidents of its territory. Since January 2015 these data will be published on the new open data portal of the City realized with technology StatPortal Open Data. By acting as "data visualization" these open geo data will be accessible via the web with maps, charts and graphs with multiple benefits, from increased knowledge of citizens compared to places with a high accident rate to the transparency of the institution from the measures road safety and control actions during critical periods.

Jonas Skeivalas

It is suggested the method and formulas for estimating the influence of the accuracy of parametric equations parameters on the precision of the adjusted parameters and values in the least square method. In case of classical least square method, the precision of the adjusted parameters and values is estimated taking into account only errors of the measured values. Formulas for calculating the covariance matrixes estimations of the adjusted parameters and values vectors were derived, when geodetic network is adjusted by the least square method along with the estimation of the influence of accuracy of the parametric equations parameters. Article in Lithuanian Parametrinių lygčių koeficientų klaidų įtaka išlygintų parametrų ir dydžių tikslumui taikant mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodą Santrauka. Pasiūlytas metodas ir formulės parametrinių lygčių koeficientų klaidų įtakai išlygintų parametrų ir dydžių tikslumui įvertinti tais atvejais, kai taikomas mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodas. Klasikinėse mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodo formulėse išlygintų parametrų ir dydžių tikslumas įvertinamas atsižvelgiant tik į išmatuotų dydžių klaidas. Išvestos formulės geodezinio tinklo, išlyginto mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodu, parametrų ir dydžių vektorių kovariacijų matricų įverčiams skaičiuoti, įvertinant parametrinių lygčių koeficientų klaidų įtaką. Reikšminiai žodžiai: geodezinis tinklas, parametrinės lygtys, mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodas, kovariacija.

Mahmud Ahmad, Setiawan Iwan, Mansor Shattri et al.

F. Nussbaum

No abstract available.