Modern trends in the formation and development of media literacy of military personnel have been recorded. It has been proven that today information is a powerful weapon, therefore, in current realities, media literacy of military personnel is of critical importance. Military personnel must not only possess modern traditional weapons, but also be able to recognize and resist information attacks, manipulations and disinformation. It has been determined that media literacy is a necessary element of combat training and a component of the formation of psychological resilience. Military personnel must be able to critically evaluate information, recognize fakes and manipulations, and also communicate effectively in the information space.
Relevance. Noroviruses are currently considered the most common cause of sporadic cases and community-acquired outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide [1]. However, outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are also often caused by norovirus etiology [2], including in the Russian Federation [3].Aim. Analysis of key aspects of prevention and anti-epidemic measures against norovirus infection (NVI) in the hematology department.Materials and methods. The following epidemiological research methods were used: descriptive (intensity, dynamics, spatial characteristics of the NVI outbreak); analytical – longitudinal cohort study of the epidemic process of HAI – assessment of hypotheses about the causes and conditions, risk factors and routes of transmission of norovirus among patients and caregivers in the oncohematology department of the children's multidisciplinary hospital.Results and discussion. An outbreak of acute norovirus gastroenteritis of an imported nature was identified in the oncohematology department of a children's multidisciplinary hospital in February 2023, an analysis of the spread of NVI was carried out: the presumed source and mechanism of transmission of norovirus infection was established; the chronology of the spread of norovirus among patients and their caregivers is shown, a list of anti-epidemic measures taken to stop the outbreak is presented, and the difficulties of verifying the epidemiological diagnosis of HAI are reflected (based on the efficiency of laboratory testing of material from patients).Conclusion. Based on the results of the activities carried out, recommendations were proposed for improving preventive and anti-epidemic measures for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children's oncohematology departments.
The article examines the relationship between classical philosophical models of political ethics and modern instruments of political communication in the context of a globalized information environment. The purpose of the study was to explore the interaction between classical politico-philosophical concepts and contemporary communication practices that shape the ethical framework of modern foreign policy activities. Particular attention is focused on the transformation of methods for achieving political results under the influence of current communication challenges and technologies, including linguistic strategies, rhetorical techniques, and the growing use of artificial intelligence. The research employs an interdisciplinary approach that integrates the methodological foundations of political philosophy, communication theory, and discourse analysis. The study applies theoretical generalization, conceptual modeling, and textual interpretation to reveal the relationship between ideological principles and communicative mechanisms of influence in the sphere of foreign policy. It has been established that the ideological basis of modern foreign policy rests on classical philosophical approaches and traditions of political thought. These conceptual foundations continue to determine strategic orientations, influence the choice of methods for achieving political goals, and form normative perceptions of the limits of permissible political action in the international arena. In this context, political rhetoric, textual technologies, and linguistic strategies increasingly operate as instruments of persuasion, manipulation, and legitimation of political decisions. It has been revealed that algorithmic models of communication, especially those driven by artificial intelligence, can personalize political messages, altering citizens’ attitudes, beliefs, and electoral behavior. The study concludes that, under the conditions of digitalization and technological mediation, traditional notions of morally acceptable political action are being redefined, requiring new approaches to the ethical understanding of political communication.
Operating between film theory, media philosophy, archival practice, and audiovisual research, Jirí Anger focuses on the relationship between figuration and materiality in early films, experimental found footage cinema, and video essays. Would it be possible to do film theory from below, through the perspective of moving-image objects, of their multifarious details and facets, however marginal, unintentional, or aleatory they might be? Could we treat scratches, stains, and shakes in archival footage as speculatively and aesthetically generative features? Do these material actors have the capacity to create “weird shapes” within the figurative image that decenter, distort, and transform the existing conceptual and methodological frameworks? Building on his theoretical as well as practical experience with the recently digitized corpus of the first Czech films, created by Jan Kríženecký between 1898 and 1911, the author demonstrates how technological defects and accidents in archival films shape their aesthetic function and our understanding of the materiality of film in the digital age. The specific clashes between the figurative and material spheres are understood through the concept of a “crack-up.” This term, developed by Francis Scott Fitzgerald and theoretically reimagined by Gilles Deleuze, allows us to capture the convoluted relationship between figuration and materiality as inherent to the medium of film, containing negativity and productivity, difference and simultaneity, contingency and fate, at the same time, even within the tiniest cinematic units.
ABSTRACT This research adopts post-qualitative inquiry to trace the teachings and learnings with an environmental sustainability subject for preservice teachers at an Australian university. Humanist discourses of ‘education for sustainability’ and ‘default environmental practices’ often act to heavily stratify educational spaces, becoming obstacles for alternative perspectives. How might novice teachers connect with the personal (what they learn), the professional (what they teach) ecological literacy and what is ethical (ecological justice), whilst confronting the political and social causations of environmental concerns? In response to these questions, the authors illustrate how they disrupted dominant conceptualisations of teaching environmental sustainability in higher education with pedagogical openings that animate us to think differently. Ecological, relational and critical posthuman philosophies help to orientate co-learnings with students. By blending the familiar, whilst also experimenting with speculative practices and playful learning, we have sought to expand the potential for (re)focusing past/present/future entanglements of human and more-than-human lifeworlds.
What happens when intuition becomes algorithmic? This article explores how approaching intuition as recursively trained sheds light on what is at stake affectively, politically, and ethically in the entanglements of sensorial, cognitive, computational and corporate processes and (infra)structures that characterise algorithmic life. Bringing affect theory and speculative philosophies to bear on computational histories and cultures, I tease out the continuing implications of post-war efforts to make intuition a measurable and indexable mode of anticipatory knowledge. If digital computing pioneers tended to elide the more ambivalent implications of quantifying intuition, this article asks what computational myths are at play in current accounts of machine learning-enabled sensing, thinking, and speculating and what complexities or chaos are disavowed. I argue that an understanding of more-than-human intuition which grapples meaningfully with the indeterminacy central to digitally mediated social life must recognise that visceral response is recursively trained in multiple ways with diverse, and often contradictory, effects.
The present article addresses the question of the adequate knowledge of nature in the context of Immanuel Hermann Fichte’s philosophy of nature. After an examination of the position and role that this systematic problem has both in Karl Joël’s book Der Ursprung der Naturphilosophie aus dem Geiste der Mystik and in contemporary research on the Anthropocene, this article offers a depiction of Fichte’s conception of the aposterioric speculative mode of knowledge of nature. Finally, Fichte’s conception of knowledge of nature is brought up for discussion both with Joël’s epistemological thesis and with certain approaches of contemporary research on the Anthropocene. It is shown that Fichte’s philosophy offers a productive perspective to addressing contemporary problems of the Anthropocene.
The article analyzes one of the most current problems in philosophy, the emergence of the notion of post-truth, and investigates its relationship with philosophical currents as perspectivism, relativism, hermeneutics and the new realism. All this, from the hypothesis that an incorrect interpretation of the notion of “points of view” may have been the reason for the origin of the post-truth.
B. V. Karalnik, P. N. Deryabin, T. G. Denisova
et al.
Background. The study of immune memory is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of immunization against infection, including plague and to make a choice of vaccination scheme.Goals. The goal is to study the possible role of immune memory in the early stage of the antigen-specific response – the formation of cells with receptors for capsular (F1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens of plague live EV vaccine.Methodology. Volunteers vaccinated with live plague vaccine EV for the first time (6 persons – group 1) and again (6 persons – group 2) were examined. In the mononuclear fraction of the blood of volunteers the cells binding antigens F1 and LPS Y. pestis (CBA) were determined.Results. In the volunteers group 2, the content of CBA at 2 days after vaccination was higher than in group 1. Between the 5th day and the end of the CBA detection, their content in group 2 decreased, and in group 1, it increased, but remained significantly less than in group 2 two days after immunization.Сonclusions. It is shown that the previous vaccination accelerates the first stage of the antigen-specific human response to second vaccination against plague. This reflects the role of immune memory in the formation of this stage of the immune response at vaccination against plague.
O presente artigo trata do argumento intuicionista para a rejeição do princípio do terceiro excluído. A intenção é apresentar de forma clara as motivações que sustentam uma posição, por um lado, polêmica, por outro lado, natural, quando vista como uma inevitável consequência dos fundamentos da teoria e não apenas como uma mera atitude anticlássica. Para tal, devemos enfatizar o papel fundamental da noção de construção para o intuicionismo, além das consequências que recaem sobre a interpretação da lógica subjacente e sobre a interpretação da noção de verdade da proposição. Ao término do artigo, esperamos ter apresentado um cenário mais claro acerca desse tema que marca um traço de continuidade da empreitada intuicionista desde Brouwer até Martin-Löf.
У статті розглянуто проблематику популізму через призму публічної політики та виборів У США та Франції. Зростання популізму нині пояснюють руйнуванням ліберального консенсусу, яке почалося після закінчення холодної війни, із зростанням напруги між демократичним мажоритаризмом і ліберальним конституціоналізмом - двома головними підвалинами демократичних режимів. Посилення ролі популізму свідчить про поступову втрату привабливості ліберальних рішень у сфері політики, економіки та культури, а особливо в ланці ідеології. Світовий досвід свідчить, що популістський рух активізувався в періоди, коли країни переживали переломні етапи своєї історії. При різких соціально-економічних зрушеннях особливо тоді, коли ламалися старі засади, а нові ще не викреслювалися чітко і ясно, на політичну арену виходять популістські діячі. Заснований на буденному, безпосередньому сприйнятті навколишнього світу і його проблем спрощених уявленнях про причинно-наслідкові зв’язки і стосунки громадського життя, популізм пропонує відповідно полегшені, частенько бунтарські шляхи виходу із складних ситуацій.
La interpretación que cuestiona el carácter efectivamente “liberal” del pensamiento de Rawls se sostendrá en la tesis que considera que, en el presumible “giro político” de Political Liberalism, al abordar la cuestión de la estabilidad, el filósofo recurriría a algunos elementos centrales del Neorepublicanismo. Esta lectura, no obstante, contrastará con la identificación de algunos de estos conceptos ya en los primeros bosquejos de su teoría de la justicia, presencia que, desde una lectura genérica, aparecerá como una constante del rawlsismo, originada básicamente por la relación que el autor establece con las diversas fuentes filosóficas presentes en el desarrollo de su propuesta.
<p> El ensayo propone cotejar las interpretaciones que Miguel de Unamuno y María Zambrano ofrecen de Don Quijote de la Mancha de Miguel de Cervantes. El escritor vasco parece centrar su atención en el carácter trágico de Don Quijote y en el rescate de la figura de Sancho Panza, reivindicando la autonomía de los personajes frente al autor de la obra y su función clave en la interpretación de España. A partir de las reflexiones de su maestro, María Zambrano consigue ver en la figura del caballero la ambigüedad de la existencia humana, producto de la tensión entre los sueños y la acción de vigilia de la conciencia. Para salvarse de la ambigüedad y rescatar la vida, Don Quijote, como todo ser humano, necesita encontrar una imagen que le enamore, necesita encontrar y seguir a “su” Dulcinea.</p><p>Palabras clave: Cervantes, Don Quijote, Sancho Panza, quijotismo, tragedia, ambigüedad, novela, Dulcinea.</p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>The essay proposes a comparison between the interpretations that Miguel de Unamuno and María Zambrano offer of Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes. The Basque writer seems to focus on the tragic character of Don Quixote and rescues the figure of Sancho Panza, asserting the autonomy of the characters from the author of the work and their key role in the interpretation of Spain. From the reflections of her mentor, María Zambrano sees in the figure of the knight the ambiguity of human existence, product of the tension between dreams and the waking action of consciousness. In order to save himself from ambiguity and rescue life, Don Quixote, like every human being, needs to find an image that will enamor him. He needs to find and follow “his” Dulcinea.</p><p>Keywords: Cervantes, Don Quijote, Sancho Panza, quijotismo, tragedy, ambiguity, novel, Dulcinea.</p>