Although SrTiO3-based perovskites showed a lot of promise as n-type thermoelectric (TE) materials, they demonstrated a low figure of merit value primarily because of their high lattice thermal cond...
ABSTRACT Stone, MH, Hornsby, WG, Haff, GG, Fry, AC, Suarez, DG, Liu, J, Gonzalez-Rave, JM, and Pierce, KC. Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training-a provocative and challenging narrative. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2021-Periodization can be defined as a logical sequential, phasic method of manipulating fitness and recovery phases to increase the potential for achieving specific performance goals while minimizing the potential for nonfunctional over-reaching, overtraining, and injury. Periodization deals with the micromanagement of timelines and fitness phases and is cyclic in nature. On the other hand, programming deals with the micromanagement of the training process and deals with exercise selection, volume, intensity, etc. Evidence indicates that a periodized training process coupled with appropriate programming can produce superior athletic enhancement compared with nonperiodized process. There are 2 models of periodization, traditional and block. Traditional can take different forms (i.e., reverse). Block periodization has 2 subtypes, single goal or factor (individual sports) and multiple goals or factors (team sports). Both models have strengths and weaknesses but can be "tailored" through creative programming to produce excellent results for specific sports.
ABSTRACT Bishop, C, Lake, J, Loturco, I, Papadopoulos, K, Turner, A, and Read, P. Interlimb asymmetries: the need for an individual approach to data analysis. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 695-701, 2021-It has been shown that the magnitude of interlimb asymmetries varies depending on the test selected; however, literature relating to whether asymmetries always favor the same limb is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine whether interlimb asymmetries always favored the same side for common metrics across unilateral strength and jumping-based tests. Twenty-eight recreational sport athletes performed unilateral isometric squats, single-leg countermovement jumps, and single-leg broad jumps with asymmetries in peak force compared across all tests, and eccentric and concentric impulse asymmetries compared between jumps. Mean asymmetries for all tests were low (≤-5.3%), and all interlimb differences for jump tests favored the left limb, whereas asymmetries during the isometric squat favored the right limb. Despite the low mean asymmetry values, individual data highlighted substantially greater differences. Levels of agreement for asymmetries were computed through the Kappa coefficient and ranged from slight to substantial (<0.01-0.79), although concentric impulse asymmetries for jump tests was the only comparison with result in substantial levels of agreement. With asymmetries rarely being present on the same side across tests, these results show that a more individual approach to reporting asymmetries is required, which should help practitioners when designing targeted training interventions for their reduction.
Attentional focus strategies eliciting external focus of attention effectively enhance drop jump (DJ) performance, however, their effects vary depending on the words used for the instructions. We aimed to examine the effects of different words on DJ performance using instructions eliciting external focus to minimize contact time (CT) or maximize jump height (JH). Twenty collegiate athletes performed DJs from a 30-cm platform after receiving one of the four instructions: two instructions (COND 1 and 2) about minimizing CT, and two instructions (COND 3 and 4) about maximizing JH. The reactive strength index (RSI), CT, JH, relative peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), and leg stiffness (kvert) were compared between conditions using repeated-measures analysis of variance. There was no significant main effect of conditions on the RSI, relative peak vGRF, and kvert (p > 0.05). CT was significantly shorter under CONDs 1 and 2 than COND 3 (p < 0.05); JH was significantly higher under COND 3 than CONDs 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and under COND 4 than COND 1 (p < 0.05). When using attentional focus strategies in DJ, it is necessary to use different words and purposes according to the players' tasks.
Bu yazıda iki matematiksel yaklaşımı belirsizliğe göre ilginç bir bağlantı veriyoruz: bipolar yumuşak kümeler ve ikili yumuşak kümeler. İkili iki kutuplu yumuşak darı iki evrensel küme üzerine set ve bir parametre seti önerilmiştir. Tamamlayıcı, birleşme, kesişme, sınırlı birleşme, sınırlı kesişme, null ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, mutlak ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, iki ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, “VE”, “VEYA” tarihinde ikili bipolar yumuşak setlerde tanımlanmıştır. İkili bipolar yumuşak kümelerin temel özellikleri de araştırılmış ve tartışılmıştır. Sonunda ikili bipolar yumuşak kümenin karakteristik bir fonksiyonunu veriyoruz.