Hasil untuk "Aesthetics"

Jacques Rancière, S. Corcoran

R. Datta, D. Joshi, Jia Li et al.

David Asher Ghertne

Meishun Wu, Jinmin Peng, Xinyi Yu et al.

Surface defects in industrial environments severely the impact product aesthetics, quality, and operational efficiency. Although deep learning approaches show promise, current architectures often demonstrate inadequate feature extraction in industrial settings. We introduce EFEN-YOLOv8, a novel defect detection framework that prioritizes efficient feature extraction to enhance detection accuracy. Our approach incorporates a [Formula: see text]-FEIoU loss function that concurrently tackles defect-background discrimination and positive-negative sample imbalance. The Shallow Attention Convolution (SAConv) module strengthens feature localization in early network layers, while Large Separable Kernel Attention (LSKA) expands receptive fields and augments processing efficiency. Additionally, our Weighted Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (WASPP) feature fusion module facilitates multi-scale integration, enabling richer abstract information capture and improved model representation. Comprehensive experimental validation, including statistical significance testing across diverse data splits, confirms superior performance over existing methods. Our framework achieves 7.4% mAP improvement on NEU-DET and 3.3% enhancement on GC10-DET compared to baseline models, maintaining consistent performance across both 8:2 and 9:1 train-test configurations. These findings validate the method's robust generalization capacity and establish its effectiveness for industrial surface defect detection applications. Code and datasets are available at: https://github.com/01WineCool/YOLO.

Annalisa Belli , Erica Gobbi , Stefano Amatori et al.

Introduction The use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) has been continuously increasing in recent years [1], contributing to the rise of significant behavioral and psychological issues, especially when SNS are used as a coping mechanism for stress and loneliness among young people. One of the most widely used SNS today is Instagram, and several studies indicate that excessive use of this platform may be associated with decreased cognitive functioning in young adults, as well as behavioral and sleep disorders [2]. In addiction, the Instagram platform's focus on food imagery, fitness content, and body aesthetics often perpetuates unattainable beauty standards, potentially triggering disordered eating patterns or body dissatisfaction [3,4]. Moreover, the study by Romero-Rodríguez et al. [5], found that while problematic smartphone use negatively influences self-esteem, the intensity of Instagram use itself was not a direct predictor of self-esteem among university students. This suggests a nuanced relationship between SNS engagement and self-perception, warranting further exploration.   Aims This study aimed to explore the relationships between problematic social media use (PSMU), self-esteem, physical activity (PA), and eating behaviors, using a moderated-mediation model. In this study, we tested a moderated-mediation model of how explained variables may be interrelated. The model’s starting point is the well-established link between PSMU and self-esteem, and PSMU and eating behaviour, with the hypothesis that higher PSMU is associated with higher levels of problematic affects and behaviors. We then hypothesized that participants who have higher self-esteem will show better eating habits despite higher levels of PSMU (mediation analysis). Finally, we supposed that physical activity and sedentary levels could moderate the relationship between PSMU and self-esteem (moderation analysis), with a protective role of PA.   Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1237 university students (74.4% females, mean age = 22.7 ± 5.5 years). Participants completed an online survey assessing Instagram use, enrolled in 13 different academic programs (e.g., languages, art, biology, pharmacy, sport science). The students completed an online questionnaire composed of four sections about: physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) [6]; Instagram usage (Social Media Use Questionnaire, SMUQ) [7]; self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) [8]; eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, DEBQ) [9]. A chi-square test was used to test the gender differences in the distribution of participants in the three PA categories (low, moderate, high). Non-parametric Spearman’s correlations were then computed between Instagram use (minutes per day, reasons for use), SMUQ subscales (Withdrawal and Compulsion), PA (MET/min/week), sitting time (hours/day), self-esteem and eating behaviors (emotional eating, restrained eating, external eating). A multiple linear regression was then performed to test the effect of Instagram time (minutes per day) and motives of use on the two SMUQ subscales (Withdrawal and Compulsion). Finally, a moderated-mediation analysis [10] was conducted to examine the relationships between PSMU and Eating behaviors, considering PA and sitting time, and self-esteem, as potential moderators and mediator, respectively.   Results In our sample, females reported higher levels of PSMU and more problematic eating behaviors than males, who in turn exhibited significantly higher levels of physical activity (p < 0.001). Regarding Instagram use, females reported significantly higher daily usage (p < 0.001), number of followers (p < 0.01), following (p < 0.01), and higher scores for all reasons for Instagram use, except for self-promotion, where responses were similar to males. Two multiple linear regression analyses (one for each subscale of SMUQ) were used to investigate which of the motives for use or usage time were more influential on the problematic use. Considering Withdrawal as the dependent variable, the overall regression was statistically significant (R2adj = 0.222, F(6,1165) = 56.71, p < 0.001). All the independent variables were significant predictors of Withdrawal, with the exception of the use for Documenting. The correlation analysis showed that the PSMU (both Withdrawal and Compulsion) was significantly positively correlated to the daily usage time, and to all the three typologies of eating behaviors (restrained, emotional, and external eating). PSMU was positively correlated with restrained, emotional, and external eating behaviors and negatively correlated with PA and self-esteem. Self-esteem mediated the relationship between PSMU and eating behaviors, with higher self-esteem associated with healthier eating patterns. Sitting time moderated the relationship between PSMU and self-esteem, reinforcing the negative effects of excessive Instagram use. Gender differences were observed, with females reporting higher levels of PSMU, problematic eating behaviors and lower PA levels compared to males. This study highlights the complex interplay between PSMU, self-esteem, PA, and eating behaviors in university students.   Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of addressing PSMU’s impact on self-esteem and eating behaviors in young adults. PA emerged as a beneficial factor for self-esteem, but its inability to moderate the PSMU–self-esteem relationship suggests that targeted interventions should consider psychological components alongside lifestyle modifications mainly directed at reducing sedentary and sitting time. Promoting regular PA could serve as an effective strategy to enhance self-esteem and counteract the harmful effects of excessive Instagram use. Health education programs emphasizing digital literacy, self-esteem enhancement, and balanced SNS engagement may help mitigate PSMU’s adverse effects. Future research should explore longitudinal relationships and intervention strategies to promote healthier social media habits and psychological well-being among university students.

Albanë Mehmetaj, Kosovar Berisha

This paper examines Ibrahim Rugova’s philosophical and theoretical contributions to literary studies, focusing on three central categories that define his aesthetics: objectification, the strategy of meaning, and aesthetic refusal. Through the reworking of phenomenological and ontological concepts, Rugova reformulates objectification as the process by which the inner world of personality becomes externalized in the literary work, thereby affirming the autonomy of art as a mode of being. His notion of the strategy of meaning, developed in dialogue with semiotics and structuralism, explains how literature generates both denotative meanings internal to the work and connotative meanings arising from interpretation. Finally, the concept of aesthetic refusal highlights the tension between literature and politics, showing how literature resists ideological and institutional pressures by affirming its autonomy. The study seeks to analyze and synthesize these concepts by examining Rugova’s theoretical–philosophical works, such as <i>Kah teoria Strategjia e kuptimit</i>, and <i>Refuzimi estetik</i>. <i>letrare</i>, through an interdisciplinary methodology that combines philosophical analysis, literary theory, and cultural critique. Taken together, the categories under discussion form a coherent ontology of the literary work that situates Rugova within multiple intellectual traditions that influenced him—including phenomenology, hermeneutics, information theory, structuralism, and dialectical philosophy—while simultaneously underscoring his originality in adapting these ideas to the Albanian intellectual context. The paper concludes that Rugova’s theoretical legacy, often overshadowed by his political role, offers a significant contribution to modern literary theory by defending the autonomy of literature and reaffirming its function as a distinctive mode of truth and human realization.

Oleksandr Ostafiichuk, Tetiana Dmytryshyn

Short clinical crowns of teeth significantly complicate the qualitative restoration of functional and aesthetic indicators of the dentofacial system. Often, therapeutic, orthopedic treatment of patients with low clinical crowns becomes impossible without prior surgical correction. This study was aimed to analyze domestic and foreign literary sources to identify the main problems associated with low clinical crowns of teeth and modern approaches to solving them. Results. It was analyzed that the causes of short clinical crowns include eruption anomalies, occlusal disorders, diseases of hard dental tissues (caries and its complications, especially in the case of subgingival defects of the tooth crown, non-carious lesions), injuries (tooth fracture, abrasion), iatrogenic effects during dental interventions (reduction of a superfluous tooth, creation of wide endodontic access). A short clinical crown makes it impossible to have a high-quality fixation of the orthopedic structure and causes a violation of the occlusal curve and aesthetic parameters - the relief of the gum line. Preserving the dental crown, a fundamental aspect of prosthetics, depends on tooth preparation, choice of cement, and crown-tooth contact. For high-quality dental restoration, the placement of the tooth in the dental arch, its strategic importance, the state of the periodontium, the ratio of the crown to the root, the state of occlusion, the feasibility of endodontic treatment, and aesthetics are assessed. A thorough examination includes a clinical examination, assessment of the periodontal biotype, radiographic examination, and analysis of the diagnostic impression with the condition of further visualization of the desired treatment result. In each case, the problem of apical displacement of the gingival margin arises, which can be both within the soft tissues and with the capture of hard ones - removal/alignment of the edge of the bone walls or simultaneous interventions. Important factors are the "biological width" of the dentogingival junction, the level of gingival keratinization, and the height of the clinical crown when deciding on the type and depth of intervention. Today, surgical lengthening of the tooth crown is used as a guided preparation of soft and hard tissues to expose a greater height of the tooth structure. Among modern techniques, a diode laser and piezosurgery are considered, characterized by minimally traumatic surgical interventions and rapid healing. Conclusions. The literature review demonstrates the relevance of the issues and possibilities of modern methods of surgical correction in the case of a short clinical crown of the tooth. Scientists focus on the prevalence of such clinical conditions of the teeth and consider the anatomical, functional, and aesthetic characteristics of dental treatment. However, the issues of a differentiated approach in the case of choosing a method of implementation - gingivectomy/resection of soft and hard tissues around the tooth, as well as individualized methods of their implementation, taking into account effective methods of postoperative healing in order to prevent soft tissue recession, remain insufficiently studied.

Barbosa ADP, Espasandin I, Pinheiro de Lima L et al.

Antony de Paula Barbosa, Isabela Espasandin, Lucas Pinheiro de Lima, Caroline de Souza Ribeiro, Lara Raquel Silva, Thalita Faria Quintal, Evenny Nascimento Lima, L&aacute;ila Catarina Duarte Vieira, Thaina Ribeiro Soares, Anna Raphaella Autran Cola&ccedil;o Department of Research &amp; Development, Health &amp; Aesthetics, Antony Barbosa Institute, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30575-210 BrazilCorrespondence: Antony de Paula Barbosa, Department of Research &amp; Development, Health &amp; Aesthetics, Antony Barbosa Institute, Marco Aur&eacute;lio de Miranda Street, 406/1104, Buritis, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30575-210, Brazil, Email drantonybarbosa@gmail.comAbstract: Body Harmonization (BHA) is an innovative concept in aesthetics area based on a set of advanced injectable techniques that have shown promising results for body shaping. This is based on procedure combinations indicated to treat body aesthetic dysfunctions, such as localized fat, stretch marks, blemishes, flaccidity, buttocks remodeling, lean mass gain and muscle definition. This study aims to define the clinical concept of BHA, its applications and the main protocols used based on injectable pharmacotherapy. For this purpose, we performed a retrospective review of proven efficient injectable procedures with advanced results for the treatment of body aesthetic disorders, in addition to relying on data obtained from previous clinical experiences. Based on these data, we describe how different compounds can act for treatment of the main body aesthetic dysfunctions, such as lipolytic compounds and collagen biostimulators. In addition, the main application techniques and treatment protocols for each of these dysfunctions were defined. Minimally invasive injectable procedures offer an effective therapeutic option for patients who do not intend to undergo surgical interventions.Keywords: body harmonization, BHA, aesthetic dermatology, injectable pharmacotherapy, aesthetic dysfunctions, mesotherapy, bioestimulating fillers, thread

Lan Geng, Genyan Jiang, Lingling Yu et al.

BackgroundMany smartphone apps designed to assist individuals in managing their weight are accessible, but the assessment of app quality and features has predominantly taken place in Western countries. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research evaluating weight management apps in China, which highlights the need for further investigation in this area. ObjectiveThis study aims to conduct a comprehensive search for the most popular commercial Chinese smartphone apps focused on weight management and assess their quality, behavior change techniques (BCTs), and content-related features using appropriate evaluation scales. Additionally, the study sought to investigate the associations between the quality of various domains within weight management apps and the number of incorporated BCTs and app features. MethodsIn April 2023, data on weight management apps from the iOS and Android app stores were downloaded from the Qimai Data platform. Subsequently, a total of 35 weight management apps were subjected to screening and analysis by 2 researchers. The features and quality of the apps were independently assessed by 6 professionals specializing in nutrition management and health behavioral change using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). Two registered dietitians, who had experience in app development and coding BCTs, applied the established 26-item BCT taxonomy to verify the presence of BCTs. Mean (SD) scores and their distributions were calculated for each section and item. Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between an app’s quality and its technical features, as well as the number of incorporated BCTs. ResultsThe data set included a total of 35 apps, with 8 available in the Android Store, 10 in the Apple Store, and 17 in both. The overall quality, with a mean MARS score of 3.44 (SD 0.44), showed that functionality was the highest scoring domain (mean 4.18, SD 0.37), followed by aesthetics (mean 3.43, SD 0.42), engagement (mean 3.26, SD 0.64), and information (mean 2.91, SD 0.52), which had the lowest score. The mean number of BCTs in the analyzed apps was 9.17 (range 2-18 BCTs/app). The most common BCTs were “prompt review of behavioral goals” and “provide instruction,” present in 31 apps (89%). This was followed by “prompt self-monitoring of behavior” in 30 apps (86%), “prompt specific goal setting” in 29 apps (83%), and “provide feedback on performance” in 27 apps (77%). The most prevalent features in the analyzed apps were the need for web access (35/35, 100%), monitoring/tracking (30/35, 86%), goal setting (29/35, 83%), and sending alerts (28/35, 80%). The study also revealed strong positive correlations among the number of BCTs incorporated, app quality, and app features. This suggests that apps with a higher number of BCTs tend to have better overall quality and more features. ConclusionsThe study found that the overall quality of weight management apps in China is moderate, with a particular weakness in the quality of information provided. The most prevalent BCTs in these apps were reviewing behavioral goals, providing guidance, self-monitoring of behavior, goal setting, and offering performance feedback. The most common features were the need for web access, monitoring and tracking, goal setting, and sending alerts. Notably, higher-quality weight management apps in China tended to incorporate more BCTs and features. These findings can be valuable for developers looking to improve weight management apps and enhance their potential to drive behavioral change in weight management.

G. Böhme

Rhimi, Mohamed Lamine

In this work, we will mainly focus on Edouard Glissant’s archipelago aesthetics. Indeed, the West Indian novelist-orator uses in La Lézarde (1958) and Malemort (1975) a kind of rhetoric which reflects not only the history of the slave trade, but also the Caribbean island landscape. This is how the writer cultivates Caribbean ethnopoetics, without falling into the trap of standardisation or reductionism. In others words, the fiery indictment that the writer has drawn up against the oppressors is inextricably linked to a plea made to defend the cause of West Indian culture, by exhorting the Caribbean people to recover their historical memory and to take their destiny into their own hands. It is specifically in that context that the Edouard Glissant’s romantic epic and sublime beauty are fully in line with his archipelago aesthetics.

Bence Nanay

Oki Dirgualam, Dadang Suganda, Bucky Wikagoe et al.

This article describes the adaptation of foreign culture in the form of jazz big band music by Salamander Big Band. Aesthetics is a study of the processes that occur in three basic elements, namely: aesthetic objects, aesthetic subjects, and aesthetic values related to aesthetic experiences, aesthetic properties, and attractive and unattractive parameters. The process of adapting the aesthetics of playing music is the process of adjusting the aesthetics of playing music carried out by an individual/community to cultural outcomes from outside the individual/community culture. This research uses qualitative approach method with descriptive analysis. Researchers describe the results of the research based on the results of observation, interview, and documental studies relating to players and experts in the field of big-band music. This paper presents the basic elements of western music aesthetics, especially big band jazz music and how Salamander Big Band can adapt and implement the aesthetic values of western jazz big band music in its music playing. Through a process of appreciation, habituation, additional insight into jazz music, continuous and consistent practice, Salamander Big Band members are able to adapt to cultures from outside of Indonesia’s popular music culture, that is playing American big band music with the correct aesthetic. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang estetika permainan musik big band jazz yang diadaptasi oleh komunitas non-formal big band Salamander. Estetika merupakan kajian tentang proses yang terjadi pada tiga elemen dasar, yaitu: objek estetis, subjek estesis, dan nilai estesis yang terkait dengan pengalaman estesis, properti estesis, dan parameter kemenarikan maupun ketidakmenarikan. Proses adaptasi estetika permainan musik adalah proses penyesuaian estetika permainan musik  yang dilakukan oleh suatu individu/komunitas terhadap hasil budaya asing atau budaya baru. Tulisan  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan  kualitatif  dengan  metode  analisis  deskriptif. Tulisan ini menghadirkan elemen-elemen dasar dari estetika musik barat khususnya musik big band jazz serta bagaimana big band Salamander dapat mengadaptasi dan mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai estetika musik big band jazz barat dalam permainan musik yang dimainkan. Melalui proses adaptasi estetika dalam memainkan musik dengan benar dan sesuai, dapat menghasilkan produk musik yang lebih baik, mendekati estetika musik aslinya atau bahkan lebih baik dari versi aslinya.

E. Weizman

Z. Jiang, Weiquan Wang, B. Tan et al.

Kandice Chuh

Freeman Wu, A. Samper, Andrea C. Morales et al.

J. Prior, Emily Brady

Yihang Bo, Jinhui Yu, Kang Zhang

Computational aesthetics, which bridges science and art, is emerging as a new interdisciplinary field. This paper concentrates on two main aspects of computational aesthetics: aesthetic measurement and quantification, generative art, and then proposes a design generation framework. On aesthetic measurement and quantification, we review different types of features used in measurement, the currently used evaluation methods, and their applications. On generative art, we focus on both fractal art and abstract paintings modeled on well-known artists’ styles. In general, computational aesthetics exploits computational methods for aesthetic expressions. In other words, it enables computer to appraise beauty and ugliness and also automatically generate aesthetic images. Computational aesthetics has been widely applied to many areas, such as photography, fine art, Chinese hand-writing, web design, graphic design, and industrial design. We finally propose a design generation methodology, utilizing techniques from both aesthetic measurements and generative art.

Staci Vicary, Matthias Sperling, Jorina von Zimmermann et al.

Synchronized movement is a ubiquitous feature of dance and music performance. Much research into the evolutionary origins of these cultural practices has focused on why humans perform rather than watch or listen to dance and music. In this study, we show that movement synchrony among a group of performers predicts the aesthetic appreciation of live dance performances. We developed a choreography that continuously manipulated group synchronization using a defined movement vocabulary based on arm swinging, walking and running. The choreography was performed live to four audiences, as we continuously tracked the performers’ movements, and the spectators’ affective responses. We computed dynamic synchrony among performers using cross recurrence analysis of data from wrist accelerometers, and implicit measures of arousal from spectators’ heart rates. Additionally, a subset of spectators provided continuous ratings of enjoyment and perceived synchrony using tablet computers. Granger causality analyses demonstrate predictive relationships between synchrony, enjoyment ratings and spectator arousal, if audiences form a collectively consistent positive or negative aesthetic evaluation. Controlling for the influence of overall movement acceleration and visual change, we show that dance communicates group coordination via coupled movement dynamics among a group of performers. Our findings are in line with an evolutionary function of dance–and perhaps all performing arts–in transmitting social signals between groups of people. Human movement is the common denominator of dance, music and theatre. Acknowledging the time-sensitive and immediate nature of the performer-spectator relationship, our study makes a significant step towards an aesthetics of joint actions in the performing arts.