Hasil untuk "Folklore"

Imam Agus Basuki, Imam Suyitno, Bambang Prastio et al.

Abstract This study proposes policy recommendations for teaching basic literacy and numeracy. Data were obtained from interviews using rapport techniques with two volunteers who teach children from the Anak Dalam Jambi Tribe (ADJT), a nomadic tribe in the forests of Sumatra, Indonesia. They recommended three strategies: (1) reading competence, through the provision of printed teaching materials based on folklore and environmental issues, the use of phonics strategies, and the utilization of educational media; (2) writing competence, through the use of natural landscapes, simple technology, ideas for writing from personal experiences, differentiated writing instruction, and collage and repetition strategies; and (3) numeracy competence, through discourse-based mathematical teaching materials, simple teaching aids, mnemonic techniques, and exploration of natural media resources. Pedagogical tool development should consider ecological wisdom through place-based outdoor education. This study is limited by the small number of participants and one ADJT community, making it impossible to generalize the findings.

Risligoy A. Rasulova

The article highlights the role of Tatars in the propaganda and strengthening of the state administration of the Soviet power in Turkestan. The paper mentions facts which testify that in the given line of work representatives of the Tatar people were "necessary personnel" since they spoke not only the languages of the local population, but also Russian. The participation of Tatars in the system of territorial administration of the region, which was of great importance in establishing written and oral communications with the central authorities of the USSR, was very significant. It consisted in communicating decisions, orders, instructions and decrees of the Center to the local population. With the help of Tatars, the central authorities of the USSR became familiar with the content of legal and regulatory documents adopted in Turkestan. This counter-process, in accordance with the established rules of Soviet power, served to create a new system of governance in the region. The author studies the activities of Tatars in Soviet Turkestan from the point of view of the work of interpreters and translators (including literary translators). Based on historical data, analysis of literature and archival materials, the contribution of Tatar translators to intercultural communication, preservation of linguistic and cultural traditions has been shown. The paper discusses the role of Tatars in the formation of the language environment of Turkestan and the problems and difficulties that translators and interpreters encountered.

Artamonova Maria

The idea of a close relation between the work of the original Kostroma artist Efim Chestnyakov (1874-1961) and the traditional peasant culture has been expressed repeatedly. However, there were no direct parallels between the images and plots of his works and the folk rituals of the calendar cycle characteristic of the Kostroma land. In this regard, the purpose of this study is an attempt at a source analysis of the famous paintings by Efim Chestnyakov Our Festival and Festive Procession with a Song. Kolyada and verification of the previously stated hypotheses. For the first time, ceremonial rounds of courtyards on Yuletide and Saint George’s Day, as well as the carols (koliadki) and folk poems (prigovory) performed by their participants, are considered as the authentic basis of the fairy tales, paintings and clay figurines by Chestnyakov and at the same time as the context of the existence of his works when working with local children. Special attention in the article is paid to mummery as a game technique most in demand by Chestnyakov. According to his countrymen, the artist used disguises and masks traditional for mummery both inside folklore rituals, in which he involved his pupils — peasant children, and in theatrical productions based on folklore subjects invented for them.

A. Stroev

Charles Perrault’s fairy tales combine archaic plots and the realities of French life in the Louis XIV era, folklore formulas and literary play, reminiscences from ancient literature (Apuleius’ “Metamorphoses or The Golden Ass”, Virgil’s “Aeneid”). Considered as a single text, together they tell the story of girlhood and family life. It begins with an awareness of female (menarche) and male physiology (“Little Red Riding Hood”, “Sleeping Beauty”). Then the heroine has to avoid incest with her father (“Donkey Skin”, “Griselda”). To marry, she has to enter into a rivalry with her sisters (“Diamonds and Toads”, “Cinderella”, “Riquet with the Tuft”) and magically transform herself to seduce the prince (“Donkey Skin”, “Diamonds and Toads”, “Cinderella”, “Riquet with the Tuft”). Then it is necessary to destroy the ogre-mother-in-law (“Sleeping Beauty”) or the husband-killer (“Bluebeard”). If we consider “Bluebeard” from this perspective, it becomes clear that, as in the detective story, the wife, with the help of her sister, sets up the murder of her wealthy husband, presenting the crime as necessary self-defense. Her brothers in the military killed Bluebeard, leaving him no chance of escape. Like the suspense detective plot popular in the mid-twentieth century (Hitchcock, Boileau-Narcejac), the story is told from the point of view of the victim who engages in a duel with the perpetrator. In the verse fairy tale “The Ridiculous Wishes”, in the poem “The Apology of Women” and in the verse moral of the fairy tale “Bluebeard” Charles Perrault engages in ironic polemics with feminists (“précieuses”) and assures us that women command men. In the fairy tales “Diamonds and Toads” and “Riquet with the Tuft” he enters into competition with the late 17th century fairy tale writers (Marie-Jeanne “L’Héritier de Villandon”, Catherine Bernard) who used the same plot. It is possible that in “Bluebeard” he is taking aim at another storyteller, Marie-Catherine d’Aulnoy, who in her youth was convicted for plotting against her husband.

Andi Irlina, Zulfa Djamalie

This study explores the educational values embedded in Banjarese and Buginese folklore through a qualitative descriptive comparison, focusing on the local wisdom and language use present in these cultural narratives. By examining a selection of folk tales from both ethnic groups, the research identifies key themes and moral lessons that reflect the unique socio-cultural contexts of the Banjarese and Buginese communities. Through detailed content analysis, the study reveals how these traditional stories convey ethical teachings, social norms, and cultural heritage, while also illustrating the practical use of language in educational settings. The findings highlight the potential of integrating folklore into modern educational curricula, particularly for language teaching, to foster cultural awareness, moral development, and community values among students. The comparative analysis underscores both the commonalities and unique elements of local wisdom in Banjarese and Buginese folklore, providing educators with valuable insights on utilizing these narratives to enhance language learning and cultural competence. This research contributes to the broader discourse on the role of indigenous knowledge in education, advocating for the preservation and application of folklore to enrich educational content, promote effective language use, and support cultural diversity.

Sanja Lazarević Radak

In 1980 Tito's health deteriorated. The citizens of Yugoslavia followed the news about the course of his illness with apprehension and anticipation. From January to May 1980, citizens sent more than four hundred thousand messages wishing Tito a speedy recovery. Among the most numerous were children. Starting from the assumption of the closeness between political socialization, folklore and political culture in Yugoslav society, in this paper I analyze some of the basic motives present in the messages that  children sent to Tito. Insight into the messages that the editors of the publication "Tito. Messages, wishes - the children of Yugoslavia"  call  a "vow", and in the sense of the promise that children will preserve the achievements of Yugoslav socialism, it enables the reconstruction of Yugoslav political myths and Tito's representation within children's political culture. The reconstruction of the narrative enables the recognition of the following motives: Tito as a hero and a fighter against all evil; 2. Tito as a solar deity; 3. Tito as an (imaginary) friend and protector of all the children of the world. For the purposes of this paper, wishes for a speedy recovery are understood as a folklore genre, and some of the specifics of Yugoslav children's political folklore.

Samaresh Mondal

In this modernized world, scientific invention may breathe life into poetry and poetry, along with myth will recreate and redefine literature. Like the way, we collect myths; we create and intrude into myths as well. Language and the world consist of myths and finally it gives birth to life. Etymologically myth came from the Greek word 'muthos' which was later adopted by Latin. Though nowadays the word may signify something else, originally it used to refer to the combination of poetry and music. If we consider myth to be an amalgamation of poetry and music, we can easily state that myth is an imaginative creation of an entire community. This creation is also a process of knowledge production which is explained through the various sensuous colours and forms of different experiences one gathers in one's life. In this process, language as well as the colours and forms change simultaneously and with them, the experiences are re-explained. Thus, the function of myth is to turn experience into knowledge and knowledge into colours and forms. The poet uses myth to achieve a universal truth, which is a general purpose of using myth in any form of verbal arts. Because, it is myth through which the deeper truth can express itself easily and it can expand the horizon beyond the day-to-day notion of beauty. The noted journalist and author, Italo Calvino from Italy opined, Myth is the hidden part of every story, the buried part the region that is still unexplored because there are as yet no words to enable us to get them. Myth is nourished silence as well as by words. The novel Hanshuli Banker Upakathaby Tara Shankar Bandyopadhyay, which is centred on Indian freedom movement, starts with a particular myth of a whistling sound of semi-divine origin that comes from the forest at night and frightens the kahars. The use of myth along with modernity makes the novel truly polyphonic. The author portrayed the ups and downs of the residents of an insignificant and remote village called 'banshbadi', whose lives revolved around the river kopai. He described how the local beliefs, local myths and folklores were gradually changing and giving way to the modern lores and tales and creating a space for heteroglossia and polyphony. In this context, I have cited few indigenous and foreign authors, not only to strengthen my points, but also to show how myth crosses the spatio-temporal boundaries.

Ksenija Marković, Marko Jovanović, Branka Matijević

As the loss of Kosovo has been de facto re-inflicted in recent years, the question should be raised as to how great an influence the Kosovo myth wields today. It is particularly interesting to consider the issue in the context of European integration and the fact that recognition of Kosovo and Metohija’s self-proclaimed independence is usually stated as an essential condition and a key obstacle to Serbia’s accession to the EU. It is an undisputable fact that Kosovo and Metohija and the Kosovo myth are a part of culture, history, religion, and folklore of Serbian people, and it is without doubt difficult to renounce all that, even if personal and collective prosperity is offered in lieu of it, which is deemed by a certain portion of the Serbian public to come as a result of the accession to the EU. The aim of this paper is to establish which portion of public opinion is willing to make such a sacrifice in relation to the current attempts at resolution of the Kosovo question. It is the authors’ ambition to answer the following question: To what extent does the position on the status of Kosovo and Metohija influence the public opinion on Serbia’s membership in the European Union? With an intention of answering the research question the authors rely on the data acquired through empirical-quantitative study The Notions of the EU and Russia in the Serbian Public 2018, Institute of Social Sciences Belgrade, where a structured on-line questionnaire was used as a means of data collection. The study results clearly indicate the popular support for Serbia’s accession to the EU while at the same time the method of resolution of the Kosovo question deeply impacts the public opinion on Serbia’s membership in the EU. A conclusion can be drawn that, if the public is presented with the choice between Kosovo and the EU, the certainty of citizens opting for the EU will rapidly decline.

Luisa Abad González

El texto explora el folklore estudiantil en su interconexión con el mundo digital y con el mantenimiento de anteriores formas de expresión del folklore. Mediante un estudio cualitativo que ha sido desarrollado a través de una etnografía colaborativa complementada con entrevistas semidirigidas a grupos de estudiantes de bachillerato y Universidad, se analiza el papel de los juegos juveniles, como los de beber y fumar, los llamados retos virales, cuyo relato va dirigido a jóvenes adolescentes, para terminar abordando la comunicación con memes como práctica social dentro del contexto de los grupos de Whatsapp.

Shustova Anna Pavlovna

From the point of ethno-linguistics the article analyses the system of characters presented on the Slavic territory. It explores the functions and distribution of the highest and the lowest mythological characters. Mythological creatures are divided into categories of “good” – “bad”, locative and gender characteristics and functions. The author gives a conclusion about the connection of the naive picture of the world and pagan Slavic views that are depicted in the stable images of the characters in folklore and mythology.

Khalida Z. Bagautdinova

The publication provides a retrospective analysis of the socio-cultural develop-ment of the inhabitants of the Tatar village Urnashbash, located in the present-day Arsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan, from the 18th to early 20th centuries. The little-known facts from the history of this settlement and biographies of its famous inhabitants are presented. Considerable attention in the article is paid to the demographic and socio-economic situation of local residents, as well as to their lifestyle and everyday life.

Baira Goryaeva, Alexandra Bayanova

The article describes the set of plots of Kalmyk fairy tales recorded by the Finnish scholar G. J. Ramstedt in the early 20th century. The phonetically transcribed and published by G. J. Ramstedt, Kalmyk fairy tales reflect the oral tradition of the Kalmyks. The 22 recorded fairy tales are as follows: one is about animals, 12 magic fairy tales, 3 heroic tales and 6 household ones. The comparative study of fairy-tale plots as recorded by G. J. Ramstedt made it possible to identify plots that have both international and local existence. Magic fairy tales with international plots have their own peculiarities in the Kalmyk fairy-tale tradition. So, some fairy tales with the same plot type develop along two different directions. Only one fairy tale about animals published by G. J. Ramstedt has local existence — there is no corresponding position on the Comparative Directory of Plots.Some fairy tales of local existence date back to the handwritten texts of Kalmyk literature. In the oral tradition of the Kalmyks, separate fairy tales are based on plots from the literary monument of Sidditukur (‘The Magic Corpse’), e. g., The Pig-Headed Medicine-Man. The fairy tale with the plot from the above mentioned collection was published by G. J. Ramstedt. It is noteworthy that the narrator gave a traditional description — in terms of Kalmyk folklore — of Shulma (‘witch’) and Mangas (‘demonic creature’). The folklore plot about the pig-headed medicine-man as recorded by the scholar differs from all the other variants available in the fairytale tradition of the Kalmyks due to the episode of the old medicine-man’s participation in a war.Another plot widely spread in the Kalmyk fairy-tale tradition and missing in the Comparative Directory of Plots — was also recorded by G. J. Ramstedt. This plot stems from the literary monument The History of Uneker Torliktu Khan, i. e. the genre of Buddhist avadanas. The book plots were perceived according to the aesthetics of folk tales: unclear motifs, images and realities were reinterpreted or replaced, stereotyped artistic structures — traditional formulas, common places, small genres of Kalmyk folklore — were included in the composition of the fairy tale.

Ilona Kulak

Artykuł przedstawia cechy językowe Historii filozofii po góralsku Józefa Tischnera. Gawędy mają pisownię uogólnioną, literacką, mimo to zapis rejestruje wiele cech gwary podhalańskiej, której autor był czynnym użytkownikiem. W analizie uwzględniono zawarte w tekście gwarowe wykładniki fonetyczne. Niektóre cechy realizowane są przez autora z pełną konsekwencją, inne – jedynie częściowo. Analiza prowadziła do refleksji nad charakterem językowym gawęd. Przyjęto, że tekst nie może być uznawany za transkrypcję, a tym bardziej zapis fonetyczny, tłumaczenie czy przekształcenie na góralski. Gwara, jako odmiana języka mówionego, może się przejawiać w formie pisanej, choć rzutuje to na strukturę wypowiedzi.

Zmago Šmitek

Contemporary scientific studies of ecosystems encompass different aspects of vocality, including the communication systems (“languages”) of individual animal species. Current theoretical and experimental insights into “talking nature” call for a redefinition of such basic terms as “nature”, “culture”, “speech”, “music”, etc. In this context, it is therefore important to draw attention to intuitive and practical knowledge from within traditional and archaic cultures. The most interesting—and understudied are the folk traditions about “animal language”, “silent language” or “bird’s language”, which were supposedly known only to a few adepts, and could open the path to wisdom and success for them. We can find folklore motifs of this sacred or magical  nowledge in folktales (ATU 670, 671 and 673 for instance) with their roots in animistic and shamanistic lifeworlds across different parts of the Eurasian continent. This paper will specifically focus on the south Slavic material, continuing the research first done and presented in a pioneering synthesis by the Macedonian ethnologist and professor Branislav Rusić.

I. Blešić, T. Pivac, Jasmina P. Đorđević et al.

Festivals and special events play a significant role in communities' lives because they provide important activities and spending outlets for both locals and visitors, and enhance the tourist image of local communities and their social cohesion. Backgrounds and contents of events are various, but the most attractive ones are those devoted to gastronomy or those that cherish tradition, customs, folklore and handicrafts. The municipalities of Sombor and Apatin are multiethnic regions with authentic folklore and food out of which numerous events of economic and entertainment content emerged. The authors of this study recognized the most significant ten. The research is aimed at determining the attitudes of the local population with regard to the organization, realization and economic importance of cultural events.

Ljudmila N. Vinogradova

The article deals with a folk tradition about an evil ghost, usually in the form of an insect, possessing a human. It is believed that these notions are linked with phrases like: “flies in one’s head”, “flies in one’s nose”, etc.

Leana Paula Bernardi, Paulo dos Santos Pires

O tema central deste estudo é o Programa Bandeira Azul de Certificação para praias, que desde 1987 promove melhores práticas na gestão costeira em países de todos os continentes. O programa de certificação ambiental Bandeira Azul é um modelo de grande importância para o turismo nacional, uma vez que coloca as praias certificadas em um patamar de excelência que as diferencia das demais. Com isso, o objetivo do estudo foi conhecer os benefícios ambientais, sociais e econômicos percebidos com a implantação deste programa nos países participantes. Adotou-se a pesquisa de nível exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa de caráter não probabilístico. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu com a aplicação de questionários junto aos operadores nacionais dos países que desenvolvem o programa. A análise dos resultados foi conduzida pelos preceitos do Programa Bandeira Azul, no contexto da sustentabilidade no turismo, do gerenciamento costeiro e da certificação ambiental. Em meio ao conjunto dos resultados, constatou-se que os operadores nacionais mantêm uma visão positiva e entusiasta, pela qual, mesmo admitindo dificuldades, garantem que a certificação traz benefícios ambientais, sociais e econômicos importantes e que devem ser considerados pelos gestores municipais e possíveis patrocinadores do programa. Palavras chave: Turismo de sol e praia. Programa Bandeira Azul. Sustentabilidade do Turismo.

Andrei Moroz

The subject of the article is the field research of the folk tradition of the northern Russian area (the region of Kargopol, Archangelskaya oblast), led by the folklore and ethnolinguistic expedition of the Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH) since 1993 until now, and the expedition data archive. The expeditions are organized 1–3 times a year, the participants include professors, postgraduate and undergraduate students of the RSUH. Several groups take part in the expedition, each consisting of 10–15 people who investigate one village during 2–4 weeks. The expedition is aimed at collecting ethnographic, ethnolinguistic and folkloric data, which could give a researcher the opportunity to get as detailed as possible a description of a modern folk culture state in the region. The main method of the field research used during the expedition work is interviewing a considerable part of the village inhabitants – about 20-60% – using 27 questionnaires that concern different spheres of the traditional culture, the audio records are later deciphered, and deciphered texts make the card index. The computer version of the archive has been created in the Laboratory of Folklore since 1997. The multimedia database “Traditional culture of Northern Russia (Kargopol region)” contains written texts, audio records of some fragments of interviews and graphic data (photos, scanned manuscripts, containing incantations, prayers, songs, etc). The database includes now about 20% of all archive materials. The card index contains about 120000 cards, while the database – about 23000 cards.

Mirjam Mencej

M. Kristanto

Folklore that are emerging in various regions in Indonesia have ethical moral values that are beneficial to the formation of a golden generation of Indonesia. Folklore when inherited or inculcated into children early on will equip students motor and psychomotor development, especially in students' character membangan early winning personality. Planting of ethics is intended to form a person's character that leads to positive things. Planting good ethics can certainly build character, attitudes, and behaviors that reinforce soft skills to instill good habits. Utilization of folklore that there are very effective to teach ethics and good morals. Through the characters in the story can be conveyed attitudes, behaviors, and said words that reflect the character and moral ethics. In the story reflected the presence of noble values, among others, honesty, cooperation, hard work, responsibility, religion. These values can be used as a means of character education. Keywords: folklore, values, ethics, character education.