Hasil untuk "Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration"

Adrian-Nicolae Furtună

book review

Dachi Korinteli

The article examines neoclassical realism and Armenia’s international orientation as one of the directions in the transformation of the theory of international relations of small states. In this article, neoclassical realism is analyzed from the point of view of subjective aspects of policy formation and the influence of domestic political features of a small state on its foreign policy. Taking into account that neoclassical realism is a completely independent development of neorealism with a complementary elemental level of analysis of international politics. In terms of content, neoclassical realism of Armenia clarifies such concepts as resilience, national security, balance of power, balancing policy and others. The neoclassical model of Armenia’s foreign policy as a small state allows us to study the conditions under which great powers and small states deviate from the policy of balancing. From this point of view, the article proposes to analyze international politics through the prism of a global rollback to state-centric politics. The article takes into account that globalization presents new challenges for small countries such as Armenia, which risks being marginalized as a result of the restructuring of both global and regional economic relations.

Sarojini Lewis

This essay utilizes the rich photographic collections of the Herrnhut Archive, Rijksmuseum and Tropenmuseum to explore alternative ways of understanding the colonial Indian labour diaspora, to infuse new meanings into old pictures and to draw upon the reinterpretation of historical images to reframe personal female migration stories from an artistic perspective. This essay presents an overview of the photography of colonial subjects in India and of her diaspora, and discusses the symbolism and representations of selected case studies of individuals and groups in the Dutch colonial territory of Surinam. From this analysis, the author presents the significance of her findings for the evolution of her own work as an Indian woman of diaspora heritage exploring new ways of articulating complex personal and group identities through the medium of exhibitions and installations.

Juliana Teixeira Souza

Este artigo analisa os argumentos e estratégias discursivas mobilizadas por historiadores que se posicionaram contra ações afirmativas de forma pública, evidenciando que se estruturam nas seguintes bases: uso recorrente de negacionismos (negando, minimizando e falseando conhecimentos consensuados pela historiografia acadêmica), empenho em identificar esses negacionismos como conhecimentos científicos destituídos de comprometimento ideológico, e desqualificação de posicionamentos contrários por meio de acusações de doutrinação ideológica. Ao defender a hipótese que negacionismos e acusações de doutrinação ideológica também são práticas correntes entre historiadores acadêmicos, se discute, nesse texto, as decorrências políticas e o lugar da ética no ensino e na pesquisa histórica.

Adèle Garnier

Marina Andrioli, Marlon Brandt

Esse estudo tem por objetivo analisar uma experiência migratória ocorrida em 1972, buscando ocupar a região da rodovia BR-230 (Transamazônica) com colonos oriundos do Oeste Catarinense. Por parte do estado nacional, o Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agrária (Incra) estimulou estes pequenos agricultores a construir um novo Eldorado e enriquecer praticando agricultura em solos férteis. Somado a isso, jornais e revistas locais buscaram noticiara saga destes colonos como um objetivo patriótico e, de certa forma, civilizatório na região Norte do Brasil. Com isso, argumentamos que um processo migratório localizado e relativamente diminuto pode auxiliar no entendimento de um momento histórico vivido pela nação ou por aquela sociedade em especial. As fontes utilizadas para essa pesquisa são, entre outras, a Revista Celeiro Catarinense e relatórios de vigilância do Serviço de Segurança e Informações (SSI) lavrados na década de 1970.

Marijanca Ajša Vižintin, Boris Kern

Prenovljena osnovno- in srednješolska zakonodaja predvideva intenzivni začetni tečaj slovenščine ter individualno spremljanje napredka vključevanja. Na voljo je vedno več didaktičnega gradiva za različno starostno stopnjo otrok, a izzivi ostajajo. Še več jih je pri izvajanju medkulturnega dialoga v okviru pouka. Učni načrti in učna gradiva bi morali odsevati družbeno raznolikost, a so priseljenke in priseljenci, pripadnice in pripadniki manjšin v njih največkrat nevidni ali prikazani pristransko. To je treba spremeniti in tudi njim samim omogočiti, da se predstavijo ter spregovorijo o izzivih vključevanja, o sestavljeni identiteti in o svoji vlogi v družbi.

Roberto Marinucci

Cíntia Régia Rodrigues, Núcia Alexandra Silva de Oliveira, Yomara Feitosa Caetano de Oliveira Fagionato et al.

A Fronteiras: Revista Catarinense de História não apenas se propõe a ouvir os leitores em suas demandas, mas toca em temas sensíveis de interesse público. Tendo em vista os ataques e as polêmicas que têm atingido os professores de forma geral, em singular os/as historiadores/as, decidimos convidar o professor Doutor Fernando de Araujo Penna para uma entrevista, como forma de reflexão e para fazer circular as novas questões do ensino de história no contexto da pandemia.

Julia Silva Rensi, Maria Luísa de Brito Câmara

A chegada de povos indígenas venezuelanos Warao ao Brasil desafia os limites das políticas migratórias. Os objetivos específicos deste artigo são (1) apresentar os modos de vida Warao e as suas especificidades; (2) fazer um levantamento da legislação e das políticas públicas de migração vigentes e (3) sistematizar as principais barreiras para o acolhimento dos Warao. Nesta pesquisa utilizou-se as metodologias de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de caso descritivo das políticas de acolhimento do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores do estado do RN e representantes de organizações da sociedade civil, assim como observação participante na Comissão Especial de Monitoramento dos Índios Warao do Comitê de Atenção aos Refugiados, Apátridas e Migrantes do RN. Os resultados do estudo apontam que as principais barreiras para o acolhimento dos Warao em território brasileiro são: acesso à documentação; abrigamento adequado; aplicação da educação escolar indígena e do ensino do português; inserção laboral; respeito aos saberes médicos da etnia. O artigo contribui para o tema ao analisar o caso de um estado do Nordeste, região pouco explorada nos estudos sobre o acolhimento dos Warao na disciplina de Relações Internacionais.   The arrival of the Warao Venezuelan indigenous people in Brazil has been very challenging to the internal migratory policies once these migrants have a very particular culture. This research specific objectives are (1) discuss the particularities of hosting people from the ethnicity Warao; (2) mapping the legislation and the public policies about the current migrations; (3) systematize the main barriers for the Warao people in Brazil. The methodologies used for this research were bibliographical review and descriptive case study about the host policies in the Rio Grande do Norte (RN) state. Besides that, it was conducted semi-structured interviews with RN’s public administrators, just as members of the ‘Special Commission for Monitoring the Waraos’, from the ‘RN Committee of Attention to the Refugees, Stateless, and Migrants’. The obtained results of the research point to the following aspects as the main obstacles on hosting Waraos in Brazilian territory: the access to regular documentation; decent housing; application of the indigenous education in schools and Portuguese teaching; labor and; respect to the ethnic knowledge in medicine. This article contributes to the subject by analyzing the case of a Northeast State, the Rio Grande do Norte state, a low explored region in the International Relations discipline.

Daniela Lechuga Herrero

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las transformaciones ubanas que dieron visibilidad a la infancia en el Distrito Federal entre 1931 y 1940. En ese sentido, se parte de que la capital de México experimentó una serie de cambios —encabezados principalmente por publicistas y  empresarios— que afectaron la movilidad de la infancia en el espacio urbano.  Las fuentes hemerográficas y documentos de planificación urbana, permiten conocer las modificaciones propias de la ciudad y los nuevos espacios de diversión a los que los menores tuvieron acceso, tales como los parques, cines, teatros, jugueterías y tiendas departamentales. La mayor aportación de este trabajo es que contribuye a problematizar si esos cambios urbanos impactaron a todos los niños, o si sólo estuvieron enfocados a los niños de la creciente clase media de la ciudad.

Badr, Maha

Yallah Bye, an album published by Lombard (2015), illustrates two wars marking the contemporary history of Lebanon: the civil war (1975-1990) and the war between Israel and Hezbollah (August 2006). There is an intersection between two visions: that of a Lebanese screenwriter who tells a universal autobiographical story and that of a Korean illustrator who is committed to create an authentic figurative narration. The aim of the article is to show how this medium constitutes a documentary source within the framework of a cultural and social history. By exposing the repercussions of the 2006 war, images and text reveal, via humour and denial, a dream of peace despite the current turmoil and the obsession with a past that keeps repeating itself.

Marcos Dalcastagne

O presente artigo é um estudo da conjuntura da economia brasileira durante os anos que o país esteve diretamente envolvido na Segunda Guerra Mundial (1942 - 1945). Percebe, no período, intensa produção do medo da escassez que afligiu a população; a campanha governamental de mobilização do trabalho, e as relações com o setor empresarial. Trata, sobretudo, de um esforço por compreender como variados seguimentos da população foram alvo desta campanha de mobilização que visava um violento enquadramento segundo os ideais de ordem do período conhecido como Estado Novo (1937- 1945). Palavras-chave: Estado Novo, Economia de guerra, Autoritarismo, Escassez e Mobilização, Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Carlos Giménez Romero

The article comments on three models of mediation always from the perspective of intercultural mediation: that of the Harvard School of Negotiation, the transformative model of Bush and Folger and the circular narrative model of Sara Coob — not without also taking into account the ideas of other models put forward by Lederach, Galtung,  Fitzduff, etc. But together with others authors and mediation practitioners he considers that all models contribute valuable elements and that, whichever the preference, it is always convenient to include useful elements in the other models when acting in specific situations.

Joan Lacomba

París, Karthala, 2002, 202 páginas.

Xosé Manuel Malheiro Gutiérrez

La emigración a América ha sido un fenómeno de gran repercusión en la historia reciente de Galicia. Parte de nuestro presente se desarrolla alrededor de este hecho, incidiendo en la economía, demografía, sociedad, cultura o educación… Galicia, tradicional exportadora de mano de obra (inicialmente a América; más tarde a Europa) sigue enviando mano de obra joven y preparada hacia otras regiones. Sin embargo, en algunas zonas de Galicia, el incremento de la inmigración a la que hay que añadir la que conforman los retornados, empieza a tener presencia en la sociedad.El presente trabajo analiza los patrones socioculturales que tienden a repetirse entre la partida de nuestros abuelos a América y la llegada de trabajadores inmigrantes que ahora acogemos provenientes de Centroeuropa, Magreb, África subsahariana o Latinoamérica; elabora una serie de conclusiones…, y plantea un interrogante: ¿Hemos aprendido, antaño como inmigrantes, alguna lección que nos ayude a entender y aceptar a los que ahora recibimos?

Albert García Balañà

Chris Riedy, Jade Herriman

On 26 September 2009, approximately 4,000 citizens in 38 countries participated in World Wide Views on Global Warming (WWViews). WWViews was an ambitious first attempt to convene a deliberative mini-public at a global scale, giving people from around the world an opportunity to deliberate on international climate policy and to make recommendations to the decision-makers meeting at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (COP-15) in December 2009. In this paper, we examine the role that deliberative mini-publics can play in facilitating the emergence of a global deliberative system for climate change response. We pursue this intent through a reflective evaluation of the Australian component of the World Wide Views on Global Warming project (WWViews). Our evaluation of WWViews is mixed. The Australian event was delivered with integrity and feedback from Australian participants was almost universally positive. Globally, WWViews demonstrated that it is feasible to convene a global mini-public to deliberate on issues of global relevance, such as climate change. On the other hand, the contribution of WWViews towards the emergence of a global deliberative system for climate change response was limited and it achieved little influence on global climate change policy. We identify lessons for future global mini-publics, including the need to prioritise the quality of deliberation and provide flexibility to respond to cultural and political contexts in different parts of the world. Future global mini-publics may be more influential if they seek to represent discourse diversity in addition to demographic profiles, use designs that maximise the potential for transmission from public to empowered space, run over longer time periods to build momentum for change and experiment with ways of bringing global citizens together in a single process instead of discrete national events.

Marina Lukšič-Hacin

(Continuous) temporary employment of diplomats abroad is a form of migration. The article focuses on the population of children of diplomats and the question of the (re)socialisation processes they experience when moving abroad with their parents. The interpretative scheme of the article is based on the theory of the social construction of reality (Berger, Luckmann) and the theory of acculturation (Redfield), while employing the concept of hegemony (Althusser) and processes of stigmatisation (Goffman). Examples of turbulences discussed are: language competence, status incongruence, status of a foreigner, stigma, split personality, generational conflict, and processes of reintegration upon returning back home, bearing in mind that return in the social/cultural sense, and above all in terms of identity, is not possible.

Dražen Živić, Ivo Turk

The Slunj-Plitvice region is a contact area between two Croatian counties: Karlovac County and Lika-Senj County. It can be defined in territorial-administrative terms as the area of the administrative Town of Slunj and the following municipalities: Cetingrad, Plitvička Jezera (Plitvice Lakes), Rakovica and Saborsko. The investigated region is located in the karst zone, which exerted a negative influence on demographic development in the past because of its geological, hydrological, pedological and geomorphologic characteristics. The entire researched region is predominantly rural. It is peripheral compared with the county centres Karlovac (Karlovac County) and Gospić (Lika-Senj County). Therefore, the Slunj-Plitvice region can be described as an integral part of the negative population, economic and regional development pole of Croatia. The beginnings of the demographic crisis in the region date back from the first half of 20th century. During the 1990s, the already existing negative demographic circumstances were additionally worsened by Serbian armed aggression. The entire region suffered significant war casualties, migratory losses and material destruction. After liberation of the region, the process of reconstruction began. Its course has been very slow and marked by many obstacles. Because of the presence of the long-lasting, very negative demographic processes – total depopulation, natural depopulation, emigration depopulation and population ageing – the Slunj-Plitvice region has lost its ability to achieve demographic revitalisation. Population regeneration and renewal in the region will not be possible without the application of systematic stimulating measures for demographic and economic recovery. The demographic recovery plans must by all means include, besides pro birth-rate measures, stimulation for immigration of a young, predominately highly-educated population.