Hasil untuk "Organizational behaviour, change and effectiveness. Corporate culture"

Vishal K. Gupta, Sandra Mortal, Athina Skiadopoulou

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an incisive commentary on the role of replication in advancing knowledge accumulation in organizational science. For research to be credible, it must be replicable. However, replication studies are seldom published in high-quality management research journals. Drawing on insights from other disciplines, this essay offers a critical analysis of the replication process. The central conclusion of the essay is that replication should be firmly integrated into the scientific process within management and related fields. Doing so will not only advance robust and reliable theories but also yield valuable lessons for managerial practice and inform sound policymaking. Design/methodology/approach – To structure the argument that replication ensures the validation of theories, refinement of methodologies and greater applicability of research findings, this essay uses Simon Sinek’s Why, How and What framework to highlight the essential role of replication research in advancing management studies. By addressing why replication is critical, how it can be effectively conducted and what the authors can do to promote replication research in organizational studies, the essay underscores its importance in building a reliable and credible foundation for knowledge. Findings – Replication serves as a cornerstone of academic rigor, promoting the cumulative growth of knowledge. This essay outlines the essential steps for conducting robust replications of prior research through three approaches: literal, operational and constructive replication. Furthermore, it proposes actionable strategies for individual, doctoral programs and institutions (i.e. journals and conferences) to enhance transparency and accountability in management research by leveraging replication as a critical tool. Originality/value – The originality of this essay lies in addressing the underrepresentation of replication research in management, despite its critical role in ensuring scientific rigor. Drawing insights from different disciplines, it provides a framework for conducting replication studies, emphasizing their value in validating theories and bridging the gap between research and practice. By proposing actionable steps for fostering a culture of replication, the essay advocates for increased transparency and accountability in management research. Its main contribution lies in highlighting the necessity of replication as a foundation for robust theory-building, practical insights and evidence-based policymaking, enhancing the credibility of the field.

Jessica S. Bertrand

Jacek Grodzicki

Each enterprise operates in a different way and has a different work system and culture. So, each enterprise has different requirements, action plans, and organizational systems. In order for an organization to have better functionality and to be innovative and effective, it is important to analyze the system of operation, the duties assigned to employees, and the organizational climate. This will help to examine what affects the functionality of the enterprise and the efficiency of the employees. Hence, it is important to know what the organizational climate is and how to study it. In this context, the chapter will explore the most common dimensions of organizational climate and understand their correlations with organizational culture in the broadest sense.

غلامرضا مرادی, مرتضی محمدی

هدف این مقاله، بررسی نقش قابلیت­‌های سرمایۀ فرهنگی و اخلاق حرفه‌­ای مربیان ورزشی فراجا بر اشتیاق شغلی با بررسی نقش میانجی سرمایۀ اجتماعی بود. روش پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی ازنوع همبستگی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش را مربیان ورزشی فراجا در شهر تهران تشکیل دادند که به ­روش نمونه­‌گیری غیراحتمالی و دردسترس حجم نمونه با استفاده از نرم­‌افزار سمپل­‌پاور 250 نفر تعیین شد تا به پرسشنامه‌های ابعاد سرمایۀ فرهنگی، سرمایۀ اجتماعی، اخلاق حرفه‌­ای و اشتیاق شغلی پاسخ دهند. به­‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از الگوی معادلات ساختاری بهره برده شد. یافته­‌ها نشان داد که اخلاق حرفه­‌ای، سرمایۀ فرهنگی و اجتماعی به­‌طور مستقیم بر اشتیاق شغلی مربیان ورزشی فراجا تأثیر مثبت و معنادار دارند. به‌­علاوه، اخلاق حرفه­‌ای و سرمایۀ فرهنگی بر سرمایۀ اجتماعی و اشتیاق شغلی اثرگذار بودند.

موسی جعفری بابادی, امیر هرتمنی, مهدی بصیرت

این پژوهش به‌­­بررسی نقش فرهنگ در عملکرد اقتصادی کسب‌ و کارهای استان همدان پرداخته است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش حاضر را مدیران و مالکانی تشکیل دادند که در شرکت‌های شهرک صنعتی همدان فعالیت می‌کنند. تعداد نمونۀ آماری براساس نمونه‌گیری طبقاتی ساده و فرمول کوکران 227 نفر به­‌دست آمد. پژوهش کنونی برمبنای هدف، ازنوع کاربردی و ازلحاظ شیوۀ پژوهش، توصیفی-علی است. در همین راستا، طبق مرور ادبیات موضوع و استفاده از منابع کتابخانه‌ای، پژوهشگر از پرسشنامۀ استانداردشده جهت گردآوری داده­‌ها استفاده کرده است. فرضیات این پژوهش به‌وسیلۀ روش معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و لیزرل مورد آزمون قرارگرفته است. نتایج حاصل‌شده از پژوهش بیانگر آن است که فرهنگ در عملکرد اقتصادی کسب ‌و کارهای استان همدان تأثیر معناداری دارد.

Anna Fletcher, Ann Christine Wennergren

This article is the result of an international collaboration between two academics who work closely with local schools as critical friends, each in their own PLC setting. This exploratory study aims to apply an analytical model in order to illustrate possibilities and clarify silences or missing links in collegial learning conversations. The analytical model is applied to analyse collegial learning conversations from two PLC settings, along with collegial conversations between the two researchers. The analysis was guided by three core considerations: What? Why? How? Two purposely selected transcripts of conversations with two separate PLCs, along with anecdotal notes from our conversations as research colleagues, provided the base for analysis. Findings generated by the application of the analytical model indicated that teachers’ PLC conversations were most explicit in relation to identifying what elements of practice to improve and how to improve teaching and learning, rather than articulating why change initiatives to develop professional knowledge were needed or on what basis they were chosen. In turn, this prompted the researchers to become more aware of ‘why’ considerations in their own work as researchers.

Ebrahim Zaheri Abdvand, Valiyollah Nasiri

1‌‌. Introduction In folk tales, especially in myths, the characteristics of some female characters can be adapted to the female characters in mythology, which can be said to be metamorphosed by the same characters‌‌. Women are in myths, or in their construction and characterization, female mythological characters are used as archetypes‌‌. In addition, in other issues related to women such as family formation, fertility and childbirth, sacrifice, human-plant relationship, can be found the influence of mythical attitudes that the purpose of this study is to examine these issues‌‌. And is the face of female myths in written folk tales in Bakhtiari culture‌‌.   2‌‌. Methodology In this study, the method of selecting sample stories was purposeful selection‌‌. In the studied works, there are many stories with mythical bases, among which, according to the presence of female characters in the story, fourteen stories were selected and studied‌‌. The method of analysis is also a qualitative method with the aim of description and analysis‌‌. 3‌‌. Discussion Based on the similarities between the character of the crescent and Anahita, it can be said that Anahita has found a fictional form in the character of the crescent or in the processing of the character of the crescent, this goddess has been considered as an archetype‌‌. Given the role of stories in institutionalizing culture in a society, the existence of a role model such as Crocodile / Anahita leads storytellers, especially women, to attributes such as healing, helping, wealth‌‌. To be rich, to have the aspect of holiness and beauty‌.The character of Tamti in Bakhtiari folk tales has two important characteristics, wise and guiding, which are also the most important characteristics of the goddess Chista‌‌. Also, the prevalence of different narratives of this character in Bakhtiari culture can indicate the type of desires and tendencies of women in Bakhtiari culture, ie having an active role in life and especially having the two attributes of knowledge and guidance‌.The character of a beautiful woman, the story of "beautiful woman and hunter", can be a fairy in myths, whose presence in common stories in Bakhtiari culture, shows in this culture, in addition to a sacred look at There is also a kind of negative attitude towards women; That a woman is a seeker of pleasure and in this way, they may endanger men‌.The adjective attributed to the head of an ax saw in the story of the same title, whether we compare her with the demon Bushesb or with the demon of anger, indicates a negative attitude towards women in Bakhtiari culture; That a woman can keep men away from the path and away from spirituality and thus, cause their destruction‌.In the story of "Dragon and the Wicked Woman", Nizan has more dominance than her husband‌‌. 31)‌. In the field of marriage, during the matriarchy, it was these women who chose their husbands (Mazdapour, 1978: 105)‌‌. In the story of "Lazy Pazardaloo" there are signs of this issue; As in this story, Bibi Akhtar, the daughter of Qalandarshah, chooses her own husband (Limuchi, 2006: 78)‌.In other ways, the man travels for various reasons, such as war, invitation, or conspiracy, which leads to a foreign country‌‌. He meets a woman in a position, for example, at a party or a party, and thus love is formed between the two‌‌. A woman's romantic invitation to a man is a common feature of this type of love story‌‌. Eventually, through the mediation of several people, love leads to marriage, in which the man either stays or intends to return (see: Mazdapour, 1975: 99)‌‌. In the story of Alimisheza, Alimisheza escapes from the house due to a stepmother's conspiracy and enters a new land‌‌. One day he takes off his ugly clothes and swims in the river when the king's daughter sees him and falls in love with him‌‌. Through the girl's father, Ali Mishuza is invited to the palace and the king's daughter marries him‌.For Fraser, the killing of a man-god by a woman-god was one of the signs of feminism among the ancient tribes‌‌. God becomes a wife with a goddess and always God and not the woman of God finds a sad destiny (see: Fraser, 2013: 438)‌‌. The depth, and self-sufficiency of this idea, has continued in myths and folk tales with all the transformations and transformations‌‌. Traces of this can also be seen in the story of "Jikumjikum confused, who has not turned his back"; As in this story, the stepmother in the position of the goddess, orders the rejection and killing of the stepfather, in the role of the man of God‌‌. After the death of a man of God, they mourn for him that in this story, the son's sister buries his brother's bones under a tree and begins to cry and lament for him (cf‌‌. Limouchi, 2006: 97 )‌‌. After weeping and wailing, the man of God is resurrected‌.In Bakhtiari culture, in order to be blessed and avoid evil products, the act of sacrifice was performed‌‌. There are also beliefs today that show that girls were used to ward off disasters and rebellion; For example, if a loved one becomes ill, in order to ward off the disease, a girl is wrapped around her head and they pray that the plague and disease will be transmitted from that person to this girl‌‌. There are also signs in folk tales according to which it can be said that in order to get rid of malice from agricultural products, a girl should be given to a demonic force in order to protect the products from that force‌‌. In the story of "King Jamshid", when the father goes to the farm to harvest the crop, he encounters a snake that does not allow him to harvest the crop‌‌. The snake suggests that the old man should marry one of his daughters in order to allow her to harvest‌‌. The old man tells the girls that Mahtab accepts his little girl‌‌. He goes to the snake and marries her‌‌. In this way, by giving the daughter to the snake, the father and other sisters pick the wheat and remove the rye from the agricultural products‌. 4‌‌. Conclusion In the fourteen stories studied, some of the female characters are transformed characters of goddesses or female demons in Iranian mythology, or it can be said that in the creation of these characters, goddesses, female divans and fairies ‌‌, has been considered as an archetype‌‌. Another feature of female myths in ancient Iran was the issue of motherhood, which in Bakhtiari stories can also be some of these features such as decision-making in family affairs, choosing a husband, wife of the martyred god and involvement in He found agricultural work‌‌. There are also some myths about women, such as sacrificing them to stay away from agricultural products‌‌. In terms of function and showing the kind of attitude towards women, the use of goddesses as an archetype in these stories, causes a desire to have wealth, fertility and help, based on the story of the godmother and the goddess Anahita‌‌. And based on the story of Al-Azangi, Jirnal, and the goddess Chista, the personality of guidance and self-awareness should be institutionalized as a female way of life in Bakhtiari culture, and women should move towards such traits‌‌. The reflection of mythical ideas about women in stories such as Lazy Pazardaloo and the Princess and the Colorful Gardens, causes women to turn to independence, especially in the field of marriage, and based on the story of Dede Pollen to Sholar, Play an active role in life outside the home‌‌.

Rita Jeanne Shea-Van Fossen, Rosa Di Virgilio Taormina, JoDee LaCasse

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine which software systems business school administrators use to support accreditation efforts and how administrators select and use these systems. This study also provides best practice suggestions from institutions using faculty data management systems to support accreditation efforts. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a sequential explanatory design using an internet-based survey for business school administrators involved with accreditation reporting with follow-up interviews with survey respondents. Findings – There are four major software vendors that most respondents use for managing reporting of faculty research activity and sufficiency. The location of the school appears to influence the system selected. For assurance of learning reporting, most schools used an in-house or manual system. Respondents highlighted the importance of doing a thorough needs analysis before selecting a system. Research limitations/implications – Although respondents were geographically diverse, having a larger sample with schools in developing regions would provide greater generalizability of results. Practical implications – This study gives business school leaders a comprehensive overview of the business schools’ data management systems, criteria used in system selection and best practices for system selection and implementation, faculty engagement and ongoing maintenance. Originality/value – This study addresses the limited attention given to resources and best practices for selecting and implementing faculty data management software for accreditation in the academic and industry literature despite the significant investment of resources for schools and the importance such systems play in a successful accreditation effort.

Mert GÜRLEK

Bu araştırma yüksek performanslı insan kaynakları uygulamalarının nasıl hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışını etkilediğini ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma modeli yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. İlişkilerin test edilmesinde kullanılan veri dört ve beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinin işgörenlerinden (n=496) elde edilmiştir. Bulgular temel olarak yüksek performanslı insan kaynakları uygulamalarının hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde işe adanmanın ve işe gömülmüşlüğün tam aracılık rollerine işaret etmektedir. Bu bulguya göre, bir biriyle uyumlu insan kaynakları uygulamaları işe adanmayı ve işe gömülmüşlüğü artırmak suretiyle hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışını artırmaktadır. Bir başka ifadeyle, işe adanma ve işe gömülmüşlük bağımsız ve bağımlı değişken arasındaki ilişkide kilit bağlantı noktalarını oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç olarak bu araştırma, yüksek performanslı insan kaynakları uygulamaları ve hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişki süreçlerine ışık tutarak, alanyazına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Elizabeth Fisher Turesky, Coby D. Smith, Ted K. Turesky

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the leadership behaviors of managers of virtual teams (VTs), particularly in the areas of trust building and conflict management. This study aims to expand the research of VT performance by offering first-person accounts from VT leaders on the strategies implemented to drive VT performance. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a grounded theory approach to examine the leadership behaviors through in-depth interviews with eight field managers of VTs employed by different technology companies. Interview questions focused on trust-building and conflict management techniques. This structured qualitative study incorporates elements of narrative inquiry interwoven in the findings. Findings – Building a high-trust environment was found to be critical to VT performance. VT managers indicated that effective conflict resolution skills were also important. Research limitations/implications – Although the sample size is within the suggested range for a valid phenomenological study, the results may lack generalizability. Participants were limited to the technology industry; leaders of high-performing VTs in other industries could offer differing results. Practical implications – This study’s contribution is the exploration and identification of innovative techniques that VT managers implemented to build trust and resolve conflict. A lack of holistic training programs for the VT leader is also considered along with suggestions for future research and implications for the VT managers. Originality/value – This study’s contribution is the exploration and identification of innovative techniques that VT managers implemented that drive VT performance, particularly related to building high levels of trust and managing conflict effectively. Practices are suggested whereby both the VT leader and the organization take an active role in ensuring that the VT has the opportunity to perform optimally.

Arnaud Sales

Carlos Blasco Giner, Isabella Meneghel

El presente estudio analiza el papel del tecnoflow (flow con tecnologías) en las creencias de eficacia y el desarrollo del engagement en las organizaciones. Se pretende confirmar el papel mediador de la experiencia de tecnoflow entre la autoeficacia profesional y el engagement y entre la autoeficacia profesional y la eficacia con tecnologías. El presente estudio también tiene como objetivo identificar la frecuencia de dicho estado en una muestra de 195 empleados de la administración pública aragonesa. Los Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales muestran que el ajuste del modelo es válido y confirma tres de nuestras cuatro hipótesis, ampliando así el estudio del tecnoflow en entornos laborales. Señalar que mientras la autoeficacia profesional se relaciona de manera positiva y significativa con el tecnoflow, éste lo hace con la eficacia con tecnologías, pero no se relaciona con el engagement. Las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas se discuten también en este trabajo.

Virajita Singh

In a speech given at the Regional Sustainable Development Partnerships 20th Anniversary Statewide Event in the Cargill Building on the St. Paul Campus of the University of Minnesota on November 21, 2017, Virajita Singh, Assistant Vice Provost in the Office for Equity and Diversity, addressed the question, “How do we include underrepresented voices in the sustainability conversation?” The speech describes the work of The Partnerships as observed by the speaker, and its connection to the Design for Community Resilience program. It also introduces the concepts of Partnership and Design Thinking, and suggests a process for including underrepresented voices in the work informed by Design Thinking.

Ali Asghar Salahshoor, Samer Nazari, Marziyeh Sherbaaf

The Achaemenid art is a combinatorial art with its elegance and beauty. One of the most elegant artifacts by Achaemenian artists is metal wares, especially bowls. The Achaemenid bowls are one of the most important documents discovered in different parts of the Empire. Some of these bowls have royal inscriptions which represent the importance of these types of wares in the Achaemenid court. These bowls give us significant information about metalwork, decorating style, techniques of production, and commercial, social, economic, and artistic communications. Based on a descriptive-analytical view, the aim of this study is to examine the status and importance of metal bowls in the Achaemenid society. Also, it tries to determine the forms and decorations of bowls and Phials, as well as their dispersion domain, similarities and the main workshops to produce them. This study is based on the library method with comparing and analyzing bowls' patterns. It shows the spread of Achaemenid metal bowls and phials, especially the carina form, throughout the empire. Plant decorations such as lotus, rosette, etc. can be seen on the bowls, like on other Achaemenid artifacts (e.g. reliefs). The tradition of making metal bowls in Achaemenid style continued in different regions even after the fall of the Empire.

Jafar Torkzade, Fatemeh Abdsharif

The aim of this research was to predict the readiness for organizational change based on staff perceptions of organizational structure type with the mediating role of organizational integrity in a state bank. This study, in terms of its goal is applicable and in terms of methods is descriptive and correlation. Required data gathered using questionnaires and survey method. Statistical population consisted of the whole staff of all branches of this bank in Shiraz. Using Cluster sampling method 201 people were selected among them. The research tools included four scales; Organizational Structure Types questionnaire, organizational integrity scale, and researcher-made questionnaire of organizational readiness for change, after estimating the reliability and validity, questionnaires were distributed and gathered. For the analysis of research data Lisrel 8.54 and structural equation modeling test were applied. Results indicated that hindering organizational structure was a negative and significant predictor of organizational integrity and it also was a negative and significant predictor for organizational readiness for change. Moreover, Results suggest that enabling organizational structure is a positive and significant predictor for organizational readiness for change with the obvious mediating role of organizational solidarity.

Catrin Johansson, Mats Heide

PurposeThe purpose of the present review of communication approaches to organizational change is to identify and further develop the range of perspectives available in the literature and to present a framework on communication and change that could underpin future research.Design/methodology/approachResearch on communication, narratives, stories and discourse, which have mapped new terrain in the study of organizational change, is reviewed and discussed.FindingsThe authors conclude that despite the vast academic and popular change literature, communication approaches to change still remain underdeveloped and communication scholars are, with few exceptions, remarkably absent in the field. Three challenges for the future are proposed, that researchers of communication and organizational change need to consider.Originality/valueThis paper provides a comprehensive literature review in the field of communication during organizational change. By integrating these studies in a new framework of communication as tool, process and social transformation, the authors offer a new foundation for theory building in this area. Further development and integration of these three different communication approaches is suggested, which would offer better conditions for research and practice to embrace the complex processes of organizational change.

In this paper, with usage of translational cost theory and internallabor market approach, two basic aspects in organizational jobs –measurability and competence – were defined. Next, by combiningthese attributes, four internal organizational structures were identifiedas the following: Relational team, primitive team, spot market,obligational market. Afterwards, the proper human resource practiceswere explained for each of these structures. Data were collected fromone of the largest service organizations of Iran. Using checklist, 400out of 4463 job titles, which were supposed to share more similaritieswith the mentioned structures were selected. A group of 156 managersand HRM specialists of ‘NAJA’ were chosen for explaining thesuitable HRM practices for each of the structures. Analysis of the datarevealed: in ‘primitive teams’ and ‘spot markets,’ job compensationwas only limited to the wage, and human resource planningencompasses a short period. Conversely, in ‘relational teams’ and‘obligation markets,’ compensations were various in type and werenot just limited to the wage, also, the HRM planning was for longerterms. Moreover, HRM control over ‘relational team’ and ‘primitiveteams’ took more internal forms such as socializing and buildingcommitment, while in ‘spot market’ and ‘obligation markets’ it wasexternal and formal.∗

mehdi haghighi kashef, foad sadeghi

After 30 years of professional work, Tehran railway exploitation company transfers more than 1.5 million passenger in Tehran and it's suburbs, but still challenges with Performance measurement like other governmental companies. It is difficult for management of such companies, that are naturally non-profit organizations, to improve the performance using Ineffective methods of traditional performance systems that are primarily based on financial criterions. Using balance score card model that simultaneously with financial aspects performs the appraisal relying on three aspects of customer, process, learning and growing, can create efficient appraisal system for managers of these companies. The base of this research, is performance appraisal of TRE company with BSC model, and the main question is that whether performance of TRE company is balanced or not? So, performance of this company was studied in four aspects, using 23 measures including 14 quantity measure created by performance of company and 9 quality measures produced by distributing 1800 questionnaires. Then each index related to any measures is calculated and after combination of scores created by performance appraisal TRE Company and outcome of research shows that study by BSC model is balanced.