The aim of this study was to identify the actual conditions and factors of career transitions in the career development of Japanese museum curators. Questionnaires (135 respondents) and semi-structured interviews (52 respondents) were conducted with experienced curators, and SCAT analysis was used to examine the structure of career transitions. The interviews revealed that many of the narratives were based on self-efficacy, «don’t give up», and showed autonomous career restructuring due to professional identity and psychological capital, even under institutional constraints. On the other hand, the ‘lack of room’ symbolised by ‘lack of time, manpower and budget’ constrains curators’ competence building and training opportunities. Curatorial career stability is essential for maintaining the quality of museum activities, suggesting the need for redesigning institutional support and ongoing research.
Saverio Pasqualoni, Tommaso Bonato, Lorenzo Piarulli
et al.
Collective operations are cornerstones of both HPC applications and large-scale AI training and inference, yet benchmarking them in a systematic and reproducible way remains difficult on modern systems due to the complexity of their hardware and software stacks. Existing suites primarily report end-to-end timings and offer limited support for controlled algorithm and configuration selection, fine-grained profiling, and capturing the runtime environment. We present PICO (Performance Insights for Collective Operations), an open-source framework that decouples portable experiment setup from platform execution, provides a backend-adaptive parameter selection interface across MPI and NCCL, supplies plain-MPI reference collective implementations, optionally instrumentable, and records the system configuration for reproducible comparisons. Evaluated on three major supercomputers, PICO shows that default collective algorithms and transport settings can be up to $5\times$ slower than the best available choice. It provides diagnostic evidence by isolating topology sensitive algorithmic choices and, through instrumentation, reveals detailed algorithmic breakdowns. To assess end-to-end effects of benchmark-informed tuning and evaluate application-level impacts, we replay open-source LLM training traces in ATLAHS simulator with optimized collective profiles identified by PICO, achieving reductions in training times of up to $44\%$.
Este estudio examinó el impacto de la educación a distancia en la sensibilidad cultural de estudiantes universitarios. Con enfoque en la inclusión de materiales multiculturalmente relevantes y la colaboración en línea, se identificó una transformación positiva en la percepción intercultural. El papel clave del educador se destacó como crucial en este proceso. A pesar de los resultados positivos, desafíos como la falta de interacción cara a cara y barreras idiomáticas fueron identificados. La contribución única radica en consolidar la investigación en un área previamente subexplorada. Futuras investigaciones deben abordar estrategias para superar desafíos y adaptar enfoques pedagógicos. Este estudio aporta valiosas perspectivas al campo de la educación a distancia y la formación intercultural, ofreciendo perspectivas prácticas y estableciendo una base para investigaciones futuras.
Museums. Collectors and collecting, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
Resumo A plastinação é uma técnica de preservação de matéria biológica, cujo princípio básico é a substituição dos fluidos corporais por um polímero curável. O tecido biológico não é só preservado por tempo indefinido, mas permanece também inerte, realista e livre de agentes decompositores. Diante das vantagens proporcionadas, a plastinação pode gerar muitos benefícios às exposições museais das ciências da vida e afins. Nesse sentido, o Museu de Ciências da Vida se institui enquanto único no mundo em produzir exposições com espécimes animais da fauna silvestre brasileira plastinados e, além disso, não há na literatura relatos do uso desse tipo de espécime em exposições, indicando suas vantagens e limitações. Os espécimes animais utilizados neste projeto foram: cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous), feto e cabeça de anta (Tapirus terrestris), gato-maracajá (Leopardus wiedii), mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus), preguiça-comum (Bradypus variegatus), quati (Nasua nasua), paca (Cuniculus paca), pica-pau-anão-barrado (Picmnus cirratus) e pena de harpia adulta (Harpia harpyja). Estes foram apresentados em quatro exposições diferentes: “Diversidade dos Vertebrados” em Venda Nova do Imigrante (VNI) (ES); “A Alma do Mundo - Leonardo 500 anos” na Biblioteca Nacional (RJ); “A Métrica do Corpo Humano” na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo e “Conheça!” na XI Semana de Biologia da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Diante dos resultados obtidos, a plastinação mostrou-se uma ferramenta preciosa e facilitadora para a educação científica e ambiental, notando-se uma maior segurança e facilidade de transporte, planejamento e execução de exposições, com destaque para as itinerantes.
Museums. Collectors and collecting, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
We study the collective response of a group of dissipative Rydberg atoms to a periodic modulation of the Rydberg excitation laser. Focusing on the emergent collective-jump dynamics, where the system stochastically switches between states with distinct Rydberg excitations, we show that the counting statistics of the state switching is qualitatively changed by the periodic drive. The impact is most prominent when the driving frequency is comparable to the emergent collective-jump rate, as the jumps tend to synchronize with the external drive, and their counting statistics exhibits a series of suppressed subharmonics of the driving frequency. These phenomena are manifestations of a novel type of stochastic resonance, where a cooperative collective state switching is facilitated by quantum fluctuations in a many-body open system. Such a collective quantum stochastic resonance further leads to an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in the power spectrum of the Rydberg excitations, for which the synchronized collective jumps are viewed as the output signal. We confirm the many-body quantum nature of the resonance by devising a cluster model, under which the role of many-body correlations is analyzed by changing the size of the atom clusters.
Debora Cristina Lopez, Marcelo Freire, Daniel Martín-Pena
Resumen La presente investigación tiene como objetivo debatir y delimitar el concepto de audiencia y su caracterización en el fenómeno de la radio universitaria. Para estas estaciones conocer el perfil de sus públicos, sus espacios de circulación y sus intereses resulta fundamental para que logren cumplir con su rol en la sociedad y en la ecología mediática de la radio. A raíz de una revisión bibliográfica a través de la realización de búsquedas booleanas sugerimos nuevos enfoques que permitan adaptar el concepto de audiencia al fenómeno de la radiodifusión universitaria. Con este fin proponemos posibles enfoques a partir de la designación de dimensiones y parámetros para comprender la audiencia en las radios universitarias como un aporte teórico-metodológico que busca sistematizar y construir el debate sobre la identidad de la audiencia en las estaciones universitarias en el actual contexto marcado por grandes desafíos (plataformización, mirada multidimensional o cultura de conexión) que complican el proceso de caracterización de la misma.
Museums. Collectors and collecting, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
W artykule zostały wskazane kierunki działalności kulturalno-edukacyjnej we współczesnych muzeach białoruskich. Na początku została pokrótce scharakteryzowana publiczność muzealna. Postawiono tezę, że rozpoznanie odbiorców powinno być brane pod uwagę przy tworzeniu oferty muzealnej. Następnie zostały opisane tradycyjne i nowatorskie formy oraz metody pracy z publicznością. Przywołane zostały także liczne przykłady ich realizacji.
Human societies are organized and developed through collective cooperative behaviors, in which interactions between individuals are governed by the underlying social connections. It is well known that, based on the information in their environment, individuals can form collective cooperation by strategically imitating superior behaviors and changing unfavorable surroundings in self-organizing ways. However, facing the tough situation that some humans and social bots keep spreading misinformation, we still lack the systematic investigation on the impact of such proliferation of misinformation on the evolution of social cooperation. Here we study this problem by virtue of classical evolutionary game theory. We find that misinformation generally impedes the emergence of collective cooperation compared to scenarios with completely true information, although the level of cooperation is slightly higher when the benefits provided by cooperators are reduced below a proven threshold. We further show that this possible advantage shrinks as social connections become denser, suggesting that misinformation is more detrimental to the formation of collective cooperation when 'social viscosity' is low. Our results uncover the quantitative effect of misinformation on the social cooperative behavior in the complex networked society, and pave the way for designing possible interventions to improve collective cooperation.
I study collective dynamic information acquisition. Players decide when to stop sequential sampling via a collective stopping rule, which specifies decisive coalitions that can terminate information acquisition upon agreement. I develop a methodology to characterize equilibria using an ex ante perspective. Instead of stopping strategies, players choose distributions over posterior beliefs subject to majorization constraints. Equilibrium sampling regions are characterized via a fixed-point argument based on concavification. Collective sampling generates learning inefficiencies and having more decisive coalitions typically reduces learning. I apply the model to committee search and competition in persuasion.
In recent years, the focus of bioinformatics research has moved from individual sequences to collections of sequences. Given the fundamental role of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) in string processing, a number of dedicated tools have been developed for computing the BWT of string collections. While the focus has been on improving efficiency, both in space and time, the exact definition of the BWT employed has not been at the center of attention. As we show in this paper, the different tools in use often compute non-equivalent BWT variants: the resulting transforms can differ from each other significantly, including the number $r$ of runs, a central parameter of the BWT. Moreover, with many tools, the transform depends on the input order of the collection. In other words, on the same dataset, the same tool may output different transforms if the dataset is given in a different order. We studied $18$ dedicated tools for computing the BWT of string collections and have been able to identify $6$ different BWT variants computed by these tools. We review the differences between these BWT variants, both from a theoretical and from a practical point of view, comparing them on $8$ real-life biological datasets with different characteristics. We find that the differences can be extensive, depending on the datasets, and are largest on collections of many similar short sequences. The parameter $r$, the number of runs of the BWT, also shows notable variation between the different BWT variants; on our datasets, it varied by a multiplicative factor of up to $4.2$. Source code and scripts to replicate the results and download the data used in the article are available at \url{https://github.com/davidecenzato/BWT-variants-for-string-collections}
Francisca TEJEDO-ROMERO, Joaquim Filipe Ferraz Esteves ARAUJO
Resumo A transparência e o acesso à informação são importantes para o escrutínio público, a participação e a responsabilidade, contribuindo para a confiança dos cidadãos no governo. Para aumentar o acesso à informação pública, os governos locais têm recorrido à transparência ativa através da divulgação de informação pública nos seus websites, com acesso livre e aberto. Este estudo analisa a influência de fatores socioeconômicos e políticos na gestão das políticas públicas de transparência ativa nos municípios portugueses. O estudo utiliza a metodologia de dados de painel, que ainda não foi empregada para examinar a transparência municipal ativa em Portugal, testando empiricamente os fatores que impactam a divulgação da informação pública, valendo-se do índice de transparência como um proxy. Foram encontradas evidências empíricas em relação aos fatores políticos e socioeconômicos que influenciaram o nível de transparência municipal. Uma vez que os estudos sobre o caso português são escassos, esta pesquisa contribui para a compreensão das respostas dos municípios às pressões da sociedade por mais transparência.
Museums. Collectors and collecting, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
Kübra Yeter-Aydeniz, Shikha Bangar, George Siopsis
et al.
We calculate the energy levels of a system of neutrinos undergoing collective oscillations as functions of an effective coupling strength and radial distance from the neutrino source using the quantum Lanczos (QLanczos) algorithm implemented on IBM Q quantum computer hardware. Our calculations are based on the many-body neutrino interaction Hamiltonian introduced in Ref.\ \cite{Patwardhan2019}. We show that the system Hamiltonian can be separated into smaller blocks, which can be represented using fewer qubits than those needed to represent the entire system as one unit, thus reducing the noise in the implementation on quantum hardware. We also calculate transition probabilities of collective neutrino oscillations using a Trotterization method which is simplified before subsequent implementation on hardware. These calculations demonstrate that energy eigenvalues of a collective neutrino system and collective neutrino oscillations can both be computed on quantum hardware with certain simplification to within good agreement with exact results.
El Museo Arqueológico Nacional presentó en octubre de 2018 el primer ciclo dedicado a la investigación de la arqueología española. Una iniciativa para dar a conocer los últimos avances en la investigación arqueológica iniciando un recorrido por algunos de los más destacados yacimientos de la península ibérica y que tiene continuidad en una segunda edición en 2019.
History of the arts, Museums. Collectors and collecting
This paper examines the potential of convergence technologies in the process of 9/11 memorialization, particularly when materiality and its absence are so crucial to the in-situ narrative of post terror attack. Questions over the incorporation of virtual and digital media are not new in the context of COVID-19 but are perhaps more urgent than ever, as we all begin to grapple with the turn to technology as a surrogate for what we cannot physically provide. In particular, I trace the Derridean phenomenon of autoimmunity to draw parallels between memorial practices associated with both 9/11 and COVID-19. Ultimately, the migration online initiated by global pandemic reminds us that traumatic memory in particular is punctuated by gaps and absences; it insists on the recognition of other, stranger, incomplete and imperfect ways of knowing and commemorating.
Investigating use-wear traces on antler and bone harpoon heads from the Dorset cultures using experimental archaeology. Harpoons are an essential part of the hunting toolkit amongst Inuit and have been integral to the material culture assemblage of Arctic groups for thousands of years. The pre-Inuit population known as the Dorset cultures (app. 800 BC–1300 AD) - also sometimes referred to as Tuniit - were highly dependent on a maritime subsistence with harpoon heads as one of the dominant artefact categories at Dorset sites. Although the use of these harpoons is known from historic ethnographic reports observing Inuit hunting techniques and comparison with modern harpoon styles, a preliminary study by Siebrecht suggests there is little evidence of this use found on the surface of archaeological harpoon heads in terms as microscopic use-wear. This contrasts with other studies investigating bone projectiles, which did identify traces of use after experimentation with replica objects. The present study therefore aims to investigate this disparity using several replica harpoon heads made of bone and antler to experimentally harpoon a seal carcass to determine the extent to which use-wear is formed when harpooning a marine mammal.
Decolonisation has been a global hot topic for museums over the last few years, whether through educational movements such as #Rhodesmustfall (Rhodes Must Fall, 2015), museum displays such as Birmingham Museum’s The Past is Now (Birmingham Museums, archival work such as the Pitt Rivers’ ‘Labelling matters’ project (Museum Next, 2019) or the New York Museum movements of ‘Decolonize Brooklyn Museum’ and #Decolonizethisplace (Decolonize This Place, 2018). Belgium is also no stranger to these discussions: in 2013 The Royal Museum of Central Africa (RMCA) closed its doors in order to renovate and revisit the colonial content and buildings of the Museum. Located in the municipality of Tervuren (just outside Brussels), the RMCA reopened in December 2018 aiming to ‘present a contemporary and decolonised vision of Africa’ through its galleries (RMCA, 2018a). The following article describes the author’s impressions of the new gallery. It discusses the successes and failures of this project, as well as its implications for UK museums.
It is useful to first understand the meaning of colonisation and decolonisation within the context of museums. Whilst the literature on decolonisation is too extensive to be fully engaged with here, there are many texts which discuss the topic in detail.[1] As S A Saggar, author of the Decolonial Dictionary writes, ‘In the context of...current conversations around decolonisation in museums and wider society...[colonisation] refers to the European imperial project, and its offshoots in settler societies’. The definition also mentions that ‘whilst direct colonial rule over parts of the world was a historical project, we continue to live with these inheritances today, both in metropolitan centres and former colonies’ (Saagar, 2019). Decolonisation for museums often refers to the attempts made by historical institutions to change the negative inheritances and power imbalances of colonisation. Thus far, decolonial approaches within UK museums have often been limited to partial changes to a building, rather than a complete overhaul of the entire museum space. Temporary exhibitions, community outreach and workshop spaces are the most common attempts at decolonisation made by UK museums, though there have been calls throughout the industry for a bolder approach to the decolonising process. Sharon Heal, the Director of the Museums Association, encouraged museums in her article Who’s afraid of decolonisation? to ‘collectively stop making excuses’ and to embrace the ‘new narratives’ that decolonisation presents (Heal, 2019). Though work is being done within the UK to decolonise spaces, there is still more to do for sustained change to happen. Hence RMCA makes an important case study for the complete renovation of large colonial European museums. This article will assess how successful the RMCA has been in its aims to decolonise a colonial museum. After outlining the origins of the RMCA the paper will review the newly refurbished Museum, and then reflect upon the legacies and lessons learnt through this ‘decolonising’ project.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Museums. Collectors and collecting
Milton Shintaku, Suely de Brito Clemente Soares, Benedito Barraviera
et al.
O Curso de Editoração Científica (CEC), promovido pela Associação Brasileira de Editores Científicos (ABEC Brasil), procura discutir os principais temas de interesse dos editores brasileiros. Para tanto, buscou uma interlocução com seus participantes, por meio de um questionário, o qual esse pôster apresenta uma análise. Um estudo misto, embasado na resposta de 236 participantes, revelando, entre outros, algumas das características das revistas desses editores, como a maioria ser de universidades e utilizarem o Open Journal System (OJS). Assim, pode-se ter uma ideia do público alvo, seus interesse e características.
Museums. Collectors and collecting, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
We present here a new major part of the OGLE Collection of Variable Stars - OGLE Collection of Galactic Cepheids. The new dataset was extracted from the Galaxy Variability Survey images - a dedicated large-scale survey of the Galactic disk and outer bulge conducted by the OGLE project since 2013. The OGLE collection contains 2721 Cepheids of all types - classical, type II and anomalous. It more than doubles the number of known Galactic classical Cepheids. Due to the long-term monitoring and large number of epochs the selected sample is very pure, generally free from contaminating stars of other types often mimicking Cepheids. Its completeness is high at 90% level for classical Cepheids - tested using recent samples of Galactic Cepheids: ASAS-SN, ATLAS, Gaia DR2 and Wise catalog of variable stars. Our comparisons indicate that the completeness of the two latter datasets, Gaia DR2 and Wise catalog, is very low, at < 10% level in the magnitude range of the OGLE GVS survey (10.8 < I < 19.5 mag). Both these samples are severely contaminated by non-Cepheids (the purity is 67% and 56%, respectively). We also present several interesting objects found in the new OGLE Collection - multi-mode pulsators, a first Galactic candidate for eclipsing system containing Cepheid, a binary Cepheid candidate.
El Museo Municipal de Pizarra, ubicado en lo que fue una antigua alquería árabe convertida hoy en un tradicional cortijo andaluz, a la vez que en un importante centro turístico y cultural del interior de la provincia de Málaga, debe la mayor parte de su colección al pintor norteamericano Gino Hollander y a su labor de recolección por todo el país y el norte de África, de importantes piezas tanto arqueológicas como etnográficas, que junto a su producción artística se muestran en dos grandes salas, que conforman una superficie expositiva de unos 700 m2.
History of the arts, Museums. Collectors and collecting