Hasil untuk "History of scholarship and learning. The humanities"

Annagulyyeva Maral Mukhammedovna

The family is the primary social structure that forms the foundation of society and plays a key role in the upbringing and development of the individual, as well as their moral compass. The family is not only a space for relationships between parents and children but also an important social institution that ensures the establishment of equal ties in public life. It serves as the primary indicator of the moral, social, and psychological health of society and its harmonious structure. The policy of the Turkmen state is based on the concept of strengthening and fully supporting the age-old foundations of the institution of family and marriage, which is large-scale, consistent and comprehensive.

Paige Martin Reynolds

When it comes to acting in modern productions of Shakespeare’s plays, size is more than all talk. That is, though how much a character speaks often serves as the measure of a role’s size, “small parts” may have a lot to say—and, as it turns out, the actors playing them may have a lot (or too little) to do. Some modern approaches to dramaturgy and practice may mean that the performers playing roles not qualified as large are susceptible to isolation throughout the artistic process, possibly having reduced rehearsal time. If the number of spoken lines influences the number of rehearsal hours, an actor playing a “small part” may be at a disadvantage when it comes to opportunities for character development and the benefits of creative collaboration. (In a rehearsal process for <i>A Midsummer Night’s Dream</i>, for example, how active might Hippolyta’s participation be if she is not doubling as Titania?) Additionally, having fewer lines on the stage can mean inheriting more labor behind the scenes, since an available body is a valuable commodity in the economy of production (what tasks might Ursula undertake during <i>Much Ado About Nothing</i>?). The tension between “playing conditions” and “working conditions” in the theater is thus especially heightened for Shakespeare’s women, whose onstage existence can throw an uncanny shadow upon the offstage experiences of those who play them.

Zhuo Zhang, Ming Wang

Abstract The lagging development of agricultural insurance in the field of new agricultural and specialty agricultural products has become an inherent cause of structural imbalance in China’s agricultural insurance market. How to leverage the new agricultural products agricultural insurance market with limited financial payment capacity is especially critical to promote high-quality agricultural development. This paper constructs an evolutionary game analysis model of government-farmers-insurance companies and compares the effects of two differential subsidy models, “subsidizing farmers” and “subsidizing institutions”, on the participation and underwriting strategies of new agricultural insurance products. The conclusions show that only when the insurance company has positive returns (E-F > 0) can the insurance company provide insurance services, and the government provides subsidies for operating costs to ensure that the insurance company does not operate at a loss, which is the single strategic support condition for the insurance company to provide insurance products. The “insured farmers” approach, due to the scale effect of the insured farmers, will make the insurance company to ensure the profitability, raise the premium level or compress the market size. The adjustment of financial subsidies from “insuring farmers” to “insuring institutions” can ensure that the business scale of insurance companies can effectively leverage the supply of special agricultural insurance. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions for the optimization of agricultural insurance policies in new agricultural business fields.

Farnaz Abbaz Yazdian, Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee

A therapeutic error as a multifactorial phenomenon in psychotherapy and counseling is an action and behavior that is committed by the therapist and leads to treatment failure or client dissatisfaction with the treatment process. Thus, the treatment method deviates from the intended practical and scientific techniques. To this end, the present study aimed to identify the counselor’s perceptions of therapeutic errors in the treatment room. This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. The data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with counselors and psychotropics with at least 3 years of experience in psychotherapy and counseling in various fields. They were selected through purposive sampling in 2021 in Tehran. The data were saturated by interviewing 24 counselors and psychotherapists and analyzed by the content analysis approach. The findings showed that therapeutic errors occur for different reasons and in various forms and involve different aspects of the therapist-client interaction. The most important therapeutic errors were intrapersonal and organizational errors including; treatment errors, lack of practicality of the treatment, the therapist’s errors, mistakes committed due to the treatment space, non-compliance with ethical principles and standards, and not informing the clients. The occurrence of these errors and mistakes in the treatment session leads to the abandonment of the session by clients, negative experiences invoked by treatment sessions, and most importantly damage to clients and a range of negative consequences. The findings of this study can have some implications for understanding various forms of treatment errors, preventing errors in treatment sessions, and avoiding harm to clients in treatment sessions.

USM ADMIN

Limbajul didactic actual s-a diversificat în ultimii 20 de ani, inovațiile fiind datorate transformărilor sociopolitice, modificărilor substanțiale din programele de studii, noilor noţiuni specifice instruirii formative. Impactul noilor viziuni a generat o schimbare de paradigmă în pedagogie, vizibilă şi la nivel terminologic. Limbajul didactic a preluat o serie de împrumuturi, care îi conferă un caracter modern, dar care prezintă deseori dificultăţi de ordin semantic şi fonetic. Limbajele specializate, cu trecerea timpului, se cristalizează, specialiştii fac o selecţie riguroasă a termenilor necesari pentru munca lor, iar împrumuturile se adaptează sau se traduc. Terminologia ştiinţelor educaţiei este permeabilă faţă de împrumut, totodată, se distinge prin relaţii de polisemie, sinonimie, antonimie, hiperonimie. Diversitatea de termeni, generată de traduceri, reprezintă o caracteristică a limbajului pedagogic actual. Cuvinte-cheie: terminologie, științe ale educației, discurs didactic, limbaj specializat, împrumuturi, inovații lexicale, anglicisme.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.59295/sum10(180)2023_09

سوزان محمد, كوليزار عزيز

يسعى هذا البحث الذي هو جزء من اطروحتي للدكتوراه إلى تسليط الضوء على  استراتيجية التوجيه المباشر في شعر صالح بن عبد القدوس (الأمر والنهي ) إنموذجاً.وَيشتَمِلُ الحَدِيثُ عَن استراتِيجِيَّةِ الخِطابِ والتّواصُلِ عَلَى عَدَدٍ مِن المَحاوِرِ التَّنظِيرِيَّةِ المُفصِحَةِ عَن مَاهِيَةِ مَادَّةِ البَحثِ، ومدَى ما يُمكِنُ أن تُحقِّقَهُ تلك الدراسةُ من خلالِ التَّقنِياتِ النَّقدِيَّةٍ المُرتَكِزَةِ عَلَى المَنهجِ التَّداوليِّ فِي قَراءَةِ شِعرِ صَالحِ بِن عَبدِ القُدُّوسِ، وَفقًا لِاستراتِيجِيَّةِ التَّوجِيهِ، ومَا ضَمَّتْهُ مِن مُستويَاتِ التَّحلِيلِ المُعوَّلِ فِي تَفسيرِهَا لِلنُّصوصِ عَلَى أفعالِ الكَلامِ -الَّتي تُعنَى بِإعادَةِ تَنظيمِ مَنطقِ اللُّغَةِ الطَّبيعيَّةِ عَلَى ضَوءِ الدِّراساتِ اللِّسانيَّةِ الحَديثَةِ- دِعامَةً وَمُنطَلَقًا لَهَا، فِي تَفسيرِ بِنيَةِ النَّصِّ الشِّعريِّ، وَتعيينِ مغازِيهِ وَغاياتِهِ، وَتَجلِيَةِ انميازَاتِ خِطابِهِ عَن الخِطابِ النَّثريِّ، انطِلاقًا مِن نَوعِ هذَا الفِعلِ، وَمَدَى مَا يُحقِّقُهُ مِن قُوَّةٍ فِي الدَّلالَةِ، وَحَقِيقَةِ المُرادِ بِلازِمِهِ.تَعتني استراتيجة التوجيه – في الرتبة الأولى – بمقاصد الخطاب، وطريقة تبليغه للمخاطبين به، عبر قناةٍ حواريةٍ فليس يُنجَزُ الخطاب الذي يُنتجه المتكلم إلا في ظروفٍ سياقيةٍ محددةٍ؛ فمُرتكز إنتاج دلالة أيٍّ من الخطابات على المقاصد التي تُحقق الفائدة من الخطاب.

مسعد عامر سيدون سيدون

 ملخص:            تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على أبنية الفعل الماضي المجرد في ديوان الشاعر اليمني عبد الله البردوني المعنون بـ"مدينة الغد" والوارد ضمن مجموعة أعماله الشعرية الكاملة الصادرة في صنعاء عام 2004. وتكمن مشكلة البحث في مقاربة الإجابة عن السؤال التالي: كيف نهض الفعل الماضي في مختلف أحواله الصرفية بالأثر الجمالي في نصوص الديوان المذكور؟ وقد استخدمت آلية المنهج الأسلوبي في الدراسة حيث قسم هيكل الدراسة بحسب ما يقتضيه التقسيم الصرفي للثلاثي المجرد، وهو أبنيتها فعل بضم العين وكسرها وفتحها. وتوصل البحث في خاتمته إلى جملة من النتائج؛ منها: أن شعرية الفعل الماضي المجرد في هذا الديوان تتجلى في وجوده ضمن البنية الشعرية القائمة على العدول المجازي، والتوظيف القصصي والدرامي، وقد استطاع الفعل المجرد أن يكون جزءا من اللغة الشعرية المكثفة، إذ لم يقف عند الدلالة الصرفية الموضوعة في العرف اللغوي، وإنما خلع الشاعر على هذه الأفعال بعدا جماليا، دفع بالتصوير الفني إلى آفاق عليا.

Xianfeng Hao, Yudong Wang

Abstract Satellites can “sense” oil inventory, but cloud cover prevents observation, which reduces the flow of information into the oil market and creates uncertainty about information availability. The effects of the availability of such information on oil prices need to be thoroughly explored. Therefore, using time-series prediction, this paper examines the effects of the availability of satellite-based information on oil returns. The cloud cover above the floating roof tanks in major oil storage areas is measured to predict oil returns through regression approaches. The empirical results indicate that higher cloudiness in a week leads to lower oil returns in the following week. The predictive ability of cloudiness is significant from both in-sample and out-of-sample perspectives. The ability of cloudiness measures to predict oil returns can be explained by information uncertainty and information flow channels. The findings have important implications for asset pricing and risk management using big data.

Mayra Berenice Espinoza Rodríguez

El presente trabajo examina el inicio y desarrollo de las campañas de salud y prevención de enfermedades infectocontagiosas como lo fue la lepra y el paludismo en diversas regiones del estado de Michoacán durante el gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas del Río. 1934-1940. A partir del registro de las campañas médicas se vislumbra las condiciones de higiene y salud de la población, así como diversos aspectos que el Estado buscó erradicar y controlar en diversos sectores de la población con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes. El trabajo analiza mediante fuentes de archivo los esfuerzos de las autoridades posrevolucionarias por enseñar y promover una cultura de la prevención e higiene principalmente en las áreas rurales.

Zheng Shen

With the rise of social media, brand communication has undergone tremendous changes. In particular, small brands have been affected severely. Given this, this study investigated strategies for how small brands can survive in the digital age using a case study of Louise Kennedy, a representative Irish fashion designer brand. After examining a total of 2,899 tweets, the study finds a strategic mechanism for heritage branding on social media, and confirms the important role of cultural heritage in the success of small brands. As a result, the study extends prior studies on heritage branding to fashion marketing on social media. Also, it provides actionable insights for small brands to survive the social media firestorm.

Abel de Dios Alarco Grijalva

Consideramos que la pregunta “¿qué es la ética?” implica una investigación ontológica como metaontológica, lo cual debería conducirnos a una explicación y justificación del programa de investigación natural. Bajo ese marco, una investigación ontológica debería darse favorablemente si es irrestricta a la vez que epistémicamente responsabilizada con el otorgamiento de criterios. En ese caso, la ontología de algo podría llamarse una teoría-puerto, la cual, en relación con la ética y en nuestro caso, se delimitará al examen de posturas metaéticas y a la definición de ética en función de la definición de su objeto de estudio. El examen resultará en la percepción de una aparente inabarcabilidad de la moral, la cual podría dirigir a un abolicionismo basado en su fatiga conceptual. Objetamos a este abolicionismo sosteniendo que la amplitud de lo moral en su exposición metaética más bien llama a una mayor concordancia con el naturalismo.

Miguel Salas Soneira, Asun Pié Balaguer

El presente texto recupera herramientas para una pedagogía de la liberación y promoción de la intersubjetividad dañada en el campo de la salud mental. Nuestra lectura actualizada de Paulo Freire se articula en diálogo con los aportes de Iván Illich y su posición crítica con la patologización del sufrimiento. Ambos autores nos permiten fundamentar una praxis en el campo de la salud mental que hemos llamado arqueología del dolor. Para ello, en primer lugar, se abordan las relaciones entre opresión y salud mental dando cuenta de la colonización de los cuerpos y las mentes por la vía de la sustracción del saber lego, la psiquiatrización y sobremedicación. En segundo lugar, se abordan las prescripciones y adherencias para comprender qué aspectos de la actuación socioeducativa en salud mental asumen la forma de discursos y prácticas de carácter opresivo y qué claves pedagógicas freirianas se pueden tomar en consideración a efectos de revertir dicha condición. En tercer lugar, se presentan las especificidades de los mitos, discursos y prácticas institucionalizadas que reproducen y mantienen la opresión de los sujetos psiquiatrizados, así como algunas condiciones para su liberación; a saber, la recuperación de la palabra y la construcción simbólica de las propias historias de vida. Finalmente, se expone la experiencia de transformación que está suponiendo el movimiento internacional de Hearing Voices como ejemplo de liberación frente a la opresión biomédica.

Sarah Bond, Katie Dabin, Stewart Emmens et al.

The curators of Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries reflect on their experiences of creating these significant new displays at the Science Museum in London. After summarising the historical medical displays at this museum, they outline the curatorial concepts behind their respective new galleries to explore the display strategies and processes behind the development of the new exhibits and highlight the significance of some of the objects that visitors can encounter today.

Jyh-How Huang, Yu-Chia Hsu

Sports big data has been an emerging research area in recent years. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the most frequent research topics, application areas, data sources, and data usage characteristics in the existing literature, in order to understand the development of data-driven baseball research and the multidisciplinary participation in the big data era. A scoping review was conducted, focusing on the diversity of using publicly available major league baseball data. Next, the co-occurrence analysis in bibliometrics was used to present a knowledge map of the reviewed literature. Finally, we propose a comprehensive baseball data research domain framework to visualize the ecosystem of publicly available sports data applications mapped to the four application domains in the big data maturity model. After searching and screening process from the Web of Science, Science Direct, and SPORTDiscus database, 48 relevant papers with clearly indicated data sources and data fields used were finally selected and full reviewed for advanced analysis. The most relevant research hotspots for sports data are sequentially economics and finance, sports injury, and sports performance evaluation. Subjects studied ranged from pitchers, position players, catchers, umpires, batters, free agents, and attendees. The most popular data sources are PITCHf/x, the Lahman Baseball Database, and baseball-reference.com. This review can serve as a valuable starting point for researchers to plan research strategies, to discover opportunities for cross-disciplinary research innovations, and to categorize their work in the context of the state of research.

Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Hicham Khabbache, Eman Nasry Shenouda et al.

Italian Muslims represent 2.6% of the entire population and one-third of all foreigners, constituting a fragmented and pluralistic community. Recently, father Jacques Hamel, a French Catholic priest, was killed by two knife-wielding French men pledging allegiance to the Islamic State. The Muslim French community strongly dissociated from this event. Italian Muslim community heeded this call and also sent delegates to French churches. According to the statistics, about 15,000 Muslims (approximately 1–2% of the Italian community) attended the commemorative event. Using a qualitative approach, we aimed at investigating the reasons that led Italian Muslims to join or not such an event. The following themes emerged: 1) public responsibility and accountability; 2) every murder as a crime to mankind; 3) importance of inter-faith dialogue and initiatives; 4) judging actions on the basis of intention; 5) fear of losing identity and roots; 6) innovation of attending churches even for good purposes; 7) dead peoples of series A and B; 8) useless of the action; and, finally, 9) impact of islamophobia. Our research sheds light on the multiple voices and thoughts of a complex, multifaceted community. We believe that our findings could be helpful for policy-makers and stakeholders, in designing inclusive and truly integrative policies.

Etienne Helmer

The contemporary scholarly exegesis on the ancient Greek thought on slavery only examines whether some philosophers denounced this institution or not. As to the significance that they may have given to it, it is rarely raised. Contrary to this tendency, this paper will examine how Plato in the Laws reveals the political significance of slavery: far from admitting it for cultural or natural reasons, he considers it a necessary category to demarcate the civic space from its outside. Such a «slavery without slaves» operates as a political frontier.

Alla Kurzenkova

Scandinavian runic inscriptions constitute unique and reliable historical sources. Each Scandinavian runic stone tells a story. When someone encounters a runestone, they don’t just observe it. The runic inscription on the stone makes them feel part of the life experience of the deceased. The Berezan Scandinavian runic stone from the Viking age is evidence of the Viking trade and a micro-narrative about the Viking age landscape. The text on the stone is understood as common topos for the development of cultural experience. It highlights the human lives, activities, and cultural environment that influenced the existence of the stone.

Henry de Jesús Gallardo Pérez , Mawency Vergel Ortega, Jaqueline Laguado González

La investigación pretende generar algunos fundamentos epistemológicos como base para la construcción teórica de un modelo psico-pedagógico en educación sexual dirigido a los adolescentes. Se realizó bajo el paradigma cualitativo enmarcada en los métodos fenomenológicos - hermenéuticos apoyado en el estudio de casos; es significativo señalar que en primer lugar se efectuó un estudio piloto de corte cuantitativo; el cual permitió evidenciar las categorías a tratar en la parte del análisis de información. Las categorías como abuso sexual, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, embarazo a temprana edad, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, pornografía, cibersexo y sexting, dejan entrever que es pertinente implementar los fundamentos epistemológicos para la enseñanza de la educación sexual en las instituciones lo que conlleva a que la sociedad alcance un bienestar social acorde con las exigencias mínimas que garanticen la subsistencia del hombre.

Katarzyna Warmińska

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Ostatnie dekady przyniosły znaczące zmiany w sferze stosunków etnicznych w Polsce. Można było zaob</span><span>- </span><span>serwować wzrastającą aktywność społeczności mniejszościowych, które stają się w coraz większym stopniu aktywnymi, coraz lepiej zorganizowanymi aktorami na scenie publicznej. W bardziej otwarty sposób komunikują swoje potrzeby, cele i wizje świata. Chcąc uchwycić istotę tych przemian postanowiłam zaaplikować, do ich analizy, koncepcję polityki tożsamości. Moim celem jest ukazanie swoistej „logiki” działania politycznego grup tożsamościowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego wymiaru etnicznego z jednoczesnym wskazaniem na pożytek z zastosowania tego pojęcia do analizy zjawisk etnicznych w Polsce. Jako empiryczną egzemplifikację potraktowałam społeczność kaszubską. </span></p></div></div></div>

Karl Spracklen

In this new century of (post)modernity and technological progress, it is easy to think that leisure lives have become more meaningful and important. Leisure is claimed to be the space or activity in which we become human, find our Self, and find belonging. There is an enormous range of literature that makes the case for contemporary leisure as a form that allows for meaningful human agency and human development, whether through the discipline of physical activity or the virtual communities of the internet. In this paper, I will make the opposite case. I will concede that leisure has had an important role to play in human development (as a Habermasian communicative discourse and playful pleasure) - but using Marx, Gramsci and especially Habermas, I will argue that the lifeworld of contemporary leisure has been swamped by the systems of global capitalism and captured by the power of hegemonic elites.