Hasil untuk "Homeopathy"

Abinash Sharma, Anish Pradhan, Kiran Sharma et al.

Abstract Dryopteris, often referred to as wood or shield ferns, constitutes a globally ubiquitous genus within the Dryopteridaceae family, thriving in a wide array of habitats that encompass temperate woodlands to tropical montane ecosystems. This investigation examines the phytochemical constituents, extraction methodologies, and biological activities of Dryopteris species documented from 2010 to 2025. Adhering to PRISMA protocols, 77 comprehensive publications were chosen from an initial aggregation of 675 entries sourced from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. During our review, we identified a total of 34 distinct Dryopteris species, with Dryopteris fragrans, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, and Dryopteris erythrosora emerging as the most extensively researched. The predominant focus of the studies was directed towards leaves, rhizomes, and roots, thereby exposing a substantial knowledge deficit regarding stems and shoots. Total phenolic content (TPC) was frequently extracted utilizing methanol; however, the ideal solvent was found to differ based on the species and specific plant part. While the subterranean components of Dryopteris crassirhizoma demonstrated higher total flavonoid content (TFC), Dryopteris dilatata was noted for its elevated TPC. Contemporary investigations have substantiated the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of Dryopteris, which is also utilized in ethnobotanical practices for the treatment of wounds, infections, and gastrointestinal disorders. This review underscores the imperative for additional research on lesser-studied plant parts and species at risk of extinction to comprehensively apprehend and safeguard the ecological and medicinal potential of Dryopteris.

Maria Olga Kokornaczyk, Carlos Acuña, Alfonso Mier y Terán et al.

Abstract Various types of motion introduced into a solution can affect, among other factors, the alignment and positioning of molecules, the agglomeration of large molecules, oxidation processes, and the production of microparticles and microbubbles. We employed turbulent mixing vs. laminar flow induced by a vortex vs. diffusion-based mixing during the production of Viscum album Quercus L. 10−3 following the guidelines for manufacturing homeopathic preparations. The differently mixed preparation variants were analyzed using the droplet evaporation method. The crystalline structures formed in dried droplets were photographed and analyzed using computer-supported image analysis and deep learning. Computer-supported evaluation and deep learning revealed that the patterns of the variant succussed under turbulence are characterized by lower complexity, whereas those obtained from the vortex-mixed variant are characterized by greater complexity compared to the diffusion-based mixed control variant. The droplet evaporation method could provide a relatively inexpensive means of testing the effects of liquid flow and serve as an alternative to currently used methods.

Sebastian Jäckle, James K. Timmis

Abstract Recent studies demonstrate that sociopolitical attitudes partially explain variance in (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Other attitudes, such as those towards esoteric beliefs, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and religion, have also been proposed. However, pertinent studies provide limited direction for public health efforts, as the impact of such attitudes has been tested in isolation or on different outcomes. Moreover, related associations between SARS-CoV-2 immunization drivers as well as views towards other modes of immunization (e.g., routine pediatric immunization), remain unclear. Based on a sample of ~7400 survey participants (Germany), where esoteric belief systems and CAM (Waldorf, homeopathy) are rather prevalent, and controlling for other sociological factors, we found that (i) individuals with positive attitudes towards Waldorf education and homeopathy are significantly less likely to have received a (further) dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine compared to those with positive views of mainstream medicine; (ii) for the former, immunization decisions are primarily driven by external pressures, and for the latter overwhelmingly by voluntary considerations; (iii) attitudes influencing adult SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake similarly influence views towards routine pediatric immunization. Our findings provide significant evidence informing a more nuanced design of public health and communication campaigns, and pertinent policies.

Amnuay Kleebayoon, Viroj Wiwanitkit

N S Kumar, R Karthikeyan, S Balamurugan et al.

Background: Diabetes is an alarming health problem affecting more than half a billion people globally. Diabetes is one of the most psychologically demanding illnesses and is frequently associated with anxiety and depression. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among diabetic patients and comparison of mental health assessment tools among diabetic and nondiabetic participants. Methodology: A comparative study of 80 diabetic patients attending the diabetology outpatient department and 80 age-matched nondiabetic attendees/relatives of patients attending the medicine outpatient department were randomly selected after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. After confirming their disease status, informed consent was obtained. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire, mini international neuropsychiatric interview scale, beck depression inventory (BDI) for depression, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety scale (HAM-A) for anxiety. Results: Majority of the study participants in both groups (n = 35, 43.8%) were of 46–50 years old. About 52.5% of diabetic and 17.5% of nondiabetic participants were having depression and 51.3% of diabetic and 18.3% of nondiabetics were having anxiety as per BDI and HAM-A scores, respectively. Although major differences in sociodemographic variables such as socioeconomic class, gender, and place of residence, etc., between the two groups, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study shows depression and anxiety were more common among diabetic patients than nondiabetic participants. The risk for depression and anxiety is more among male patients, urban population, and those in low-socioeconomic status.

Viola Maria Schulz, Annekathrin Ücker, Claudia Scherr et al.

Homeopathy is the subject of frequent debates, especially in public media. This systematic review aims to give an overview of conceptual criticisms of homeopathy in the scientific literature. The literature search was conducted in four databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, PhilPapers) on August 25, 2020. Included were peer reviewed articles in English or German criticising the basic concepts of homeopathy as main topic; excluded were articles criticising homeopathy primarily based on analysis of empirical clinical and/or preclinical data. The formal structure of publications included was evaluated regarding the recommended structure for scientific publications (IMRaD, acronym for ‘Introduction’, ‘Methods’, ‘Results’ and ‘Discussion’). Arguments criticising the concepts of homeopathy were extracted and classified into groups. The literature search revealed 5139 articles, of which 15 articles (published between 1959 and 2020) met the inclusion criteria. These articles complied only partly with the IMRaD structure; just four articles considered with 8 or 9 IMRaD criteria the majority of the defined 11 IMRaD criteria. Extracted arguments against the concepts of homeopathy were classified into five groups: ‘Conflict with current scientific principles and the foundations of modern medicine’, ‘Lack of a scientific basis’, ‘Arguments based on scientific theories’, ‘Ethical considerations and social consequences’, ‘Lack of empirical clinical evidence’. This classification is intended to provide a basis for future in-depth scientific analyses and discussions. Based on the number of articles found in the peer reviewed literature, it can be concluded that the on-going discussion about homeopathy in the public media is not reflected in a corresponding academic debate.

Prithiviraj Nagarajan, Anitha Vetrivel, Jayanthi Kumar et al.

The SARS-CoV-2 mutations that have occurred have alarmed the entire medical community. Thus, global concerns have been expressed regarding the transmission, pathogenicity and immune evasion of the Omicron strain, which shares mutations with the variants of concern Alpha, Beta, and Gamma strains. Still, Omicron transmission has crossed numerous borders worldwide compared to other types of SARS-CoV-2. The number of confirmed cases has increased and is reappearing in India. Given the worrisome situation created by the Omicron outbreak, scientists and postgraduates have had to make decisions about current research programs at institutions around the globe. The Omicron variants under development have significantly heightened worldwide pandemic concerns. In this review, the authors will outline the molecular features and efficacy of vaccination, highlight possible omicron impacts on scientific research, and provide precautions, procedural guidelines for organizing scientific meetings during a pandemic.

P Deepthi, Sandhya George, Anita Sanker et al.

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs) present with different morphologies and times of onset. Knowledge about the common drugs causing them, their reaction time (time interval between drug intake and the onset of symptoms), and the clinical presentations are helpful in identifying an offending drug, especially in the setting of multiple drug therapies, thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with them. Aims: This study aims to identify causative drugs and clinical patterns of ACDRs in a tertiary care center and to estimate their reaction time. Methods: Sixty-two patients diagnosed to have ACDRs who attended the department of dermatology of a tertiary care teaching hospital during an 18-month period were selected for the study. They were classified into certain, probable, or possible categories as per the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) classification. The frequency of each type of drug reaction, common causative agents, and reaction time of different drug reactions was analyzed. Results: Of the 62 patients, 40 (64.5%) were probable, 18 (29%) possible, and 4 (6.4%) were certain. The most common types of reactions encountered were fixed drug eruption (FDE) (13, 21%), drug hypersensitivity syndrome (12, 19.4%), and maculopapular rash (9, 14.5%). As a single group of drugs, antimicrobials were the most common causative agents (23, 37%) followed by anticonvulsants (16, 25.8%). As an individual drug, phenytoin was the most common causative agent (10, 16.1%), followed by paracetamol (7, 11.3%) and isoniazid (5, 8.1%). Reaction time varied from less than an hour for FDE and urticaria to 3–4 months for exfoliative dermatitis, lichenoid eruption, and folliculitis. Limitations: Small sample size was the major limitation. Conclusion: Reaction time varied from less than 24 h in FDE, urticaria, and angioedema to 3–4 months in exfoliative dermatitis, lichenoid eruption, and folliculitis.

Parnajeet Mandal, Soma Ghosh, Abhijit Banerjee et al.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), specific infectious disease, affects most of the organs of the human body. Extrapulmonary TB manifests commonly as lymphadenopathy. Emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome warrants the rapid diagnosis to limit its spread. Aim and Objectives: The application of bleach concentration method in detecting tubercle bacilli in the material obtained by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of lymph nodes, evaluating sensitivity of bleach concentration method over conventional direct smear method in diagnosing tubercular lymphadenitis, detecting bacilli in the background of granuloma formation. Materials and Methods: The prospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in a study population of 78 patients where 15 cases got eliminated following the cytological diagnosis of malignancy and inadequacy of sample. Patients with lymphadenopathy underwent FNA after clinical examination, history taking, and informed consent. The aspirated material was stained with Leishman, H and E, conventional Ziehl−Neelsen (ZN), and bleach concentration method. Data were collected and statistical analysis done. Results: The predominant age group affected was (16–30) years with male preponderance. 44.44% cases were cytomorphologically diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis. Acid-fast Bacilli (AFB) was found in 23 cases by conventional ZN method and 39 cases by bleach concentration method. Sensitivity of bleach method was 92.35% compared to 54.76% in conventional ZN method. Bacilli positivity was more in cases presenting with necrosis than with granuloma alone. Conclusion: Bleach method for detecting AFB is more sensitive than conventional ZN method. It is safe, inexpensive, easy to perform, requires no additional equipment, and safe to handle in laboratory.

Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi, Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola, Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola et al.

Abstract Background Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae) is a tropical rainforest tree commonly found in sub-Saharan region of Africa. It is a useful and very popular plant among the locals due to the outstanding anti-diabetic activity of the seeds. Methods A comprehensive literature search on articles published on phytochemical analysis and various pharmacological activities of Hunteria umbellate was carried out using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Results In this review, it was deduced that H. umbellate is employed in folk medicine as an elixir for obesity, fever, leprosy sores, menstrual pain, infertility, yaws, intestinal worms, abdominal discomfort and stomach ache. Due to their durability and immunity against termites, the stems are coveted and desired as timbers in the construction of houses, while the bark has been reportedly exported to Europe for medicinal uses. Pharmacological activities such as fertility enhancing, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, has been ascribed to the different morphological organs of H. umbellate. Moreover, compounds belonging to important classes of secondary metabolites with biological activities such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinic acids have been identified and characterized from the plant. Conclusion From this review, it can be inferred that, numerous and bioactive principles with known biological usefulness are present in the extracts of H. umbellate and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.

Shivakumar Harti, Arun Kumar Mahapatra, Sanjay Kumar Gupta et al.

Background: AIAPGET 2019, an all India ranking entrance Test for MD/MS courses of Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy stream was conducted by joint collaboration of National Testing Agency (NTA) and All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA). In this article, we present the item analysis of AIAPGET 2019 Ayurveda stream MCQs. Objectives: The aim of this article was to analyse the MCQs of AIAPGET 2019 of Ayurveda stream. Materials and methods: This exam was computer based conducted all over 25 centers across India. The question paper had 100 MCQs with 1 correct answer and 3 distractors for each item (Problem statement). Results: AIAPGET 2019 question paper of Ayurveda stream had a Difficulty index of 37.32 ± 16.11 Discriminatory Index of 0.46 ± 0.27 and Distractor Index of 89 ± 17.8. Conclusion: Our analysis showed that though ideal, the question paper trended towards difficulty side.

Amit Kumar Jain, Parvati Nandy

In India, cancer has become a new epidemic, with breast cancer topping the list. Prevention and management of this new epidemic is restrained with limited resources and heterogeneously concentrated cancer care in India. Technology can come to help for the above, and in this short communication below, we shall discuss the prevention and management of breast cancer with special reference to the use of technology for the same in the Indian context.

E. Macías-Cortés, Lidia Llanes-González, Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal et al.

Abstract Background Although individualized homeopathic treatment is effective for depression in climacteric women, there is a lack of well-designed studies of its efficacy for depression in battered women or in post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the association between individualized homeopathic treatment or fluoxetine and response to depression treatment in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital dissatisfaction. Materials and Methods One hundred and thirty-three Mexican climacteric women with moderate-to-severe depression enrolled in the HOMDEP-MENOP Study (a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, three-arm trial, with a 6-week follow-up study) were evaluated. Domestic violence, marital dissatisfaction and sexual abuse were assessed at baseline. Response to depression treatment was defined by a decrease of 50% or more from baseline score of Hamilton scale. Association between domestic violence, sexual abuse, and marital dissatisfaction and response to depression treatment was analyzed with bivariate analysis in the three groups. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results Homeopathy versus placebo had a statistically significant association with response to depression treatment after adjusting for sexual abuse (OR [95% CI]: 11.07 [3.22 to 37.96]), domestic violence (OR [95% CI]: 10.30 [3.24 to 32.76]) and marital dissatisfaction (OR [95% CI]: 8.61 [2.85 to 25.99]). Conclusions Individualized homeopathic treatment is associated with response to depression treatment in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital dissatisfaction. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate its efficacy specifically for post-traumatic stress disorder in battered women. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01635218, URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01635218?term=depression+homeopathy&rank=1

Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy

Maksim Sabadash, Alexander Shulyak

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the herbal medicine Canephron®N, particularly regarding its ability to prevent recurrences of cystitis, associated with E.Coli in women of child-bearing age. Methods Ninety patients were randomised into two treatment groups. Both, the test group (n = 45) and the control group (n = 45), received an antibacterial therapy (fluoroquinolones) for 7 days determined by urine culture. Furthermore, in both groups general recommendations on preventing cystitis were made (sufficient liquid consumption, avoidance of hypothermia etc.). The test group received an additional Canephron®N therapy for 3 months (2 tablets, three times a day). Control examinations were conducted on day 7 and after 3, 6 and 12 months; or immediately in the case of a recurrent episode. The following cystitis symptoms were recorded at each time point: pain in the bladder, burning and stinging during urination, urinary urgency and frequent urination in small amounts. The criteria for defining a recurrent episode of cystitis were rebound lower urinary tract infection symptoms with pyuria and positive bacteriological urine culture. Results Canephron®N in addition to fluoroquinolones helps to reduce cystitis symptoms after 7 days better compared to treatment with fluoroquinolones only, as well as pyuria after 3, 6 and 12 months and urine levels of E. coli at 3 and 12 months. The frequency rate of recurrent episodes of cystitis was in the test group always lower than in the control group with a statistically significant difference at 6 months (8.9% vs. 17.8%) and at 12 months (15.5% vs. 35.5%). At 12 months, the mean score of the LUTI Symptom Severity Index was 6 (p ≤ 0.05) in the control patients and 3 (p ≤ 0.05) in the test patients. This may indicate that the relapses were less severe in the test group. Conclusion Treatment with the herbal medicine Canephron®N is a novel treatment method of alleviating the symptoms of cystitis and especially for reducing the rate of recurrent cystitis episodes.

Julia K Ostermann, Claudia M Witt, Thomas Reinhold

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to provide a long-term cost comparison of patients using additional homeopathic treatment (homeopathy group) with patients using usual care (control group) over an observation period of 33 months.<h4>Methods</h4>Health claims data from a large statutory health insurance company were analysed from both the societal perspective (primary outcome) and from the statutory health insurance perspective (secondary outcome). To compare costs between patient groups, homeopathy and control patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio using propensity scores. Predictor variables for the propensity scores included health care costs and both medical and demographic variables. Health care costs were analysed using an analysis of covariance, adjusted for baseline costs, between groups both across diagnoses and for specific diagnoses over a period of 33 months. Specific diagnoses included depression, migraine, allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and headache.<h4>Results</h4>Data from 21,939 patients in the homeopathy group (67.4% females) and 21,861 patients in the control group (67.2% females) were analysed. Health care costs over the 33 months were 12,414 EUR [95% CI 12,022-12,805] in the homeopathy group and 10,428 EUR [95% CI 10,036-10,820] in the control group (p<0.0001). The largest cost differences were attributed to productivity losses (homeopathy: EUR 6,289 [6,118-6,460]; control: EUR 5,498 [5,326-5,670], p<0.0001) and outpatient costs (homeopathy: EUR 1,794 [1,770-1,818]; control: EUR 1,438 [1,414-1,462], p<0.0001). Although the costs of the two groups converged over time, cost differences remained over the full 33 months. For all diagnoses, homeopathy patients generated higher costs than control patients.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The analysis showed that even when following-up over 33 months, there were still cost differences between groups, with higher costs in the homeopathy group.

E. Thompson, P. Viksveen, S. Barron

D. Olioso, M. Marzotto, Clara Bonafini et al.

C. Smith

V. Remya, G. Kuttan,