Hasil untuk "Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention"

Dian Afif Arifah, Ratih Andhika Akbar Rahma, Triana Harmini et al.

Introduction: As the center-cultured region in Indonesia, Ponorogo Regency is dominated by traditional manufacturing industries which support regional economic growth. Most production in this sector is labor-intensive and depends on manual handling processes, which may increase the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). This study aims to develop a model to evaluate and predict ergonomic hazards using a neural network algorithm, focusing on the relationship between manual handling postures and musculoskeletal pain in 12 body regions. Method: A cross-sectional study involved data of 250 workers measured using used Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire and manual handling exposure checklist based on SNI 9011:2021. A neural network model was developed based on GLM’s output to explore the complex interrelationships between manual handling postures (X variables) and musculoskeletal pain across 12 body regions (Y variables). Result: The outputs identified carrying object over 9 meters (X10), one-handed lifting (X3), and trunk twisting (X2), with X10 confirmed as the most predictor for multiple outcomes, affecting six regions. Neural network models demonstrated adequate learning capacity with stable architecture, proved by average CEE values ranging from 0.21 to 0.54. The models showed improved predictive accuracy across epochs. Conclusion: The finding shows that NN modelling may be expanded to include broader industries in Indonesia's traditional manufacturing sector as an integrated data-based information system application. However, further validation using external datasets is recommended to enhance generalizability.

Dafni M. Nalmpant-Sarikaki, Alexandros I. Theocharis, Nikolaos C. Koukouzas et al.

This work presents a structured methodology for multi-hazard risk assessment in post-mining coal areas, addressing the complex interactions between natural, mining, and technological hazards. The methodology provides a flexible, semi-quantitative mixed-methods framework designed to evaluate multi-hazard risk scenarios through a seven-step process, which includes identification of hazards, analysis of hazard interactions, and calculation of the Multi-Hazard Index (MHI), Vulnerability Index (VI), and Multi-Risk Value (MRV). The MHI assesses the cumulative intensity of hazard interactions, while the MRV quantifies the socio-economic impacts of various multi-hazard scenarios. The framework also incorporates vulnerability assessments, using social and physical vulnerability indices, to better understand the potential risks to communities. The methodology aims to enhance the safety of post-mining areas by mitigating the cascading effects of hazard interactions and by systematically increasing the knowledge of hazard interdependencies. This approach is adaptable to diverse post-mining contexts, offering a comprehensive framework for assessing and managing multi-hazard risks. It aligns with the broader objectives of the European Green Deal by promoting sustainable land management and addressing the transition of coal regions toward a carbon-neutral economy. It equips stakeholders with necessary tools to enhance resilience and ensure the long-term socio-economic and environmental stability and safety of post-mining areas.

Yanhui Lei, Jinye Zheng

China is the world’s largest emitter of agricultural methane (AGM). However, limited attention has been given to its spatial distribution, driving factors, and long-term temporal trends, which are crucial for the development of targeted emission control strategies and the achievement of carbon neutrality. This study employs the IPCC model to estimate AGM emissions in China from 2000 to 2020 in mainland China to explore the long-term trend and influencing factors using the q-statistic of Geodetector. Additionally, gravity theory is applied to analyze spatial shifts in AGM emissions over time. The results reveal that the AGM emissions in 2020 reached 18.38 Tg, with enteric fermentation as the largest contributor, accounting for 52.58 % of total emissions. Significant stratified heterogeneity is observed, with western provinces showing higher emissions. The primary socioeconomic drivers - the value of the primary industry and its share of GDP - influence AGM emissions by shaping land-use patterns, agricultural practices, and resource consumption, thereby altering emission dynamics. Gravity theory analysis shows a northwestward shift in the gravity center of AGM emissions from 2000 to 2020. Specifically, emissions from animal husbandry exhibited a consistent northwestward migration, while emissions from rice cultivation shifted northeastward. The findings reveal significant spatial heterogeneity in AGM emissions, with higher emissions in eastern regions driven by rapid economic growth and stricter agricultural policies, while emissions in the western regions are more influenced by natural environmental factors and traditional farming practices. This study pioneers the application of gravity theory to analyze AGM emission dynamics in China, identifying key socioeconomic drivers and providing a scientific basis for region-specific mitigation strategies to support carbon neutrality goals.

S. Suryanto, A. Prabowo, R. Adiputra et al.

Over the past few years, marine transportation accidents have decreased significantly. Marine transportation accidents are complex events often caused by multiple factors through the interaction of multiple parties. These accidents can cause loss of human life and property and ecological and environmental damage. They could disrupt the balance of the industrial and economic situation. This paper comprehensively reviews Fire and Explosion (F.E.) accidents in maritime activities. The subject is narrated through a brief history and the resulting impact on the surrounding marine ecosystem. Then, the study summarizes the policies and regulations derived from international maritime agencies that have governed prevention and countermeasures. Therefore, preliminary research on enhancing the safety and security of composite-based structures is summarized in this review to highlight protection and prevention programs in the maritime scope. Overall, this study covers the current state of the global maritime industry and the policies and regulations for protection from fire and explosion accidents.

Nurdan Baykuş, Aaron Anil Chadee, Nurgül Yalçın et al.

The construction sector is known to have the highest risks of occupational accidents. A rationale for this high occurrence of occupational risks can be related to legislative requirements to enforce safe construction practices within this sector. Within the context of excavation works in Turkey, this study investigates the leading risks for any compliance shortfalls and ultimately presents recommendations to mitigate occupational accidents’ occurrences during excavation works in the construction sector. Based on a quantitative methodology, a closed-ended survey consisting of 35 questions and based on legislative requirements was applied to project managers in the construction industry, such as site supervisors, occupational safety experts, auditors, and control personnel. A sample size of 277 responses was found to have stability and validity through a reliability analysis and an exploratory factor analysis, and was used for testing statistical significance via cross-tabulation analysis and chi-square tests. The findings revealed that the major deviation of safety in excavation works from legislative requirements is executing works during adverse weather conditions. Moreover, it was also noteworthy that protective curtains did not surround the excavation sites, and most of the employees encountered ground slippage during excavation work. Therefore, the findings revealed preliminary research that will contribute positively to providing incentives for a focus on and development of relevant security and technical measures. It also provided information to protect the safety and welfare of the workers involved in excavation works. Finally, though these findings may be considered context-specific, this research can be used for comparative purposes for similar studies into the safety practices of excavation works in different countries, where generalized findings can be later derived to inform academia and practice.

An-Chi Huang, Fang-Chao Cao, Xin-Yue Ma

This study offers a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of expansible graphite (EG) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO₃) in suppressing metal fires, which are known for their high intensity and resistance. Our assessment, utilizing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed that compositions of EG–KHCO₃ can endure temperatures of up to 350 °C, indicating their thermal resilience. The 3:1 EG–KHCO₃ mixture demonstrated exceptional performance in fire suppression tests by extinguishing sodium flames in a mere 20 s, using approximately 50 g of the agent. This highlights a substantial improvement in efficiency. In addition, FTIR analysis identified important gaseous compounds released during decomposition, while XRD and SEM techniques confirmed the advantageous insertion of KHCO₃ into the EG matrix, enhancing its resistance to heat and chemical reactions. The mixture with a ratio of 3:1 also demonstrated a higher cooling rate of 2.34 °C/s within the temperature range of 350 to 200 °C. The results emphasize the potential of EG–KHCO₃ compositions, specifically in a 3:1 ratio, for efficient fire management by integrating fire suppression, heat resistance, and quick cooling. Subsequent investigations will prioritize the evaluation of these compositions across different circumstances and the assessment of their environmental and industrial viability.

Siti Rahmah Hidayatullah Lubis, Nuranisa Mu'minah

Introduction: Psychosocial hazards are significant threats to the safety and health of workers, particularly in industries such as production. Based on preliminary observations, assembly workers in the production setting, known for requiring precision, face increased risk, specifically when confronted with elevated demand. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze psychosocial hazards among production workers at PT. Sarandi Karya Nugraha. Method: Qualitative descriptive approach was utilized for a case study conducted at PT. Sarandi Karya Nugraha from July to October 2020. A total of 4 informants was selected by purposive methods, and data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews. Meanwhile, thematic analysis was used to analyze the details obtained. Result: The results showed that there are 6 psychosocial hazard themes within the production department. These comprised role ambiguity, role conflict, quantitative workload, qualitative workload, responsibility to others, and career development. In addition, issues related to role conflict, quantitative overload, and career development persisted in the company. Conclusion: Organizations should create plans, policies, and opportunities for workers in the production department to gain assurance regarding career advancement. Additionally, a detailed description of work process in situations comprising quantitative workload should be created.

Nur Suraya Sahol Hamid, N. A. Abdul Jalil, R. Samin et al.

This article examines the numerous Ergonomics studies conducted in various fields, with a primary emphasis on preventing accidents as well as incidents that could result in ergonomic and human factors issues for industrial workers. Researchers have discovered several technologies that can be used to enhance ergonomic treatments and reduce the frequency of incidents. Despite the fact that safety has a significant impact on human parts and ergonomics, this article bases its discussion on the various industrial zones. Following that, the workplace can clearly execute mitigation and prevention strategies. The environment and comfort level zones are interconnected in a workplace that handles machinery. Ergonomics are important human factors, particularly in the manufacturing sector. This paper examined several approaches put forth by different industries, considering the difficult frequencies and postures associated with each occupational activity. Note that various comfort level zones that relate to the workers are defined by each study tool. On the basis of this, only further research was done, and the prior literature thoroughly identified the issues.

Shahram Heydari, Rune Elvik

Rakesh Gangadharaiah, Johnell O. Brooks, Patrick J. Rosopa et al.

Due to the advancements in real-time information communication technologies and sharing economies, rideshare services have gained significant momentum by offering dynamic and/or on-demand services. Rideshare service companies evolved from personal rideshare, where riders traveled solo or with known individuals, into pooled rideshare (PR), where riders can travel with one to multiple unknown riders. Similar to other shared economy services, pooled rideshare is beneficial as it efficiently utilizes resources, resulting in reduced energy usage, as well as reduced costs for the riders. However, previous research has demonstrated that riders have concerns about using pooled rideshare, especially regarding personal safety. A U.S. national survey with 5385 participants was used to understand human factor-related barriers and user preferences to develop a novel Pooled Rideshare Acceptance Model (PRAM). This model used a covariance-based structural equation model (CB-SEM) to identify the relationships between willingness to consider PR factors (<i>time/cost, privacy, safety</i>, <i>service experience</i>, and <i>traffic/environment</i>) and optimizing one’s experience of PR factors (<i>vehicle technology/accessibility, convenience</i>, <i>comfort/ease of use</i>, and <i>passenger safety</i>), resulting in the higher-order factor <i>trust service</i>. We examined the factors’ relative contribution to one’s <i>willingness/attitude towards PR</i> and <i>user acceptance of PR</i>. <i>Privacy</i>, <i>safety</i>, <i>trust service</i>, and <i>convenience</i> were statistically significant factors in the model, as were the <i>comfort/ease of use</i> factor and the <i>service experience</i>, <i>traffic/environment</i>, and <i>passenger safety</i> factors. The only two non-significant factors in the model were <i>time/cost</i> and <i>vehicle technology/accessibility</i>; it is only when a rider feels safe that individuals then consider the additional non-significant variables of time, cost, technology, and accessibility. <i>Privacy</i>, <i>safety,</i> and <i>service experience</i> were factors that discouraged the use of PR, whereas the <i>convenience</i> factor greatly encouraged the acceptance of PR. Despite the <i>time/cost</i> factor’s lack of significance, individual items related to time and cost were crucial when viewed within the context of convenience. This highlights that while user perceptions of privacy and safety are paramount to their attitude towards PR, once safety concerns are addressed, and services are deemed convenient, time and cost elements significantly enhance their trust in pooled rideshare services. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of user acceptance of PR services and offers actionable insights for policymakers and rideshare companies to improve their services and increase user adoption.

Amy Moore, Vivek Sujan, Adam Siekmann et al.

Vehicular incidents, especially those involving tractor trailers, are increasing in number every year. These events are extremely costly for fleets, in terms of damage or loss of property, loss of efficiency, and certainly in terms of loss of life. Although the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) is responsible for performing inspections, and fleet managers are encouraged to maintain their fleet and participate in regular inspections, it is uncertain whether these inspections are occurring at a frequency that is necessary to prevent incidents. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) of the DOT manages and maintains the Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) dataset, which contains all incident and inspection data regarding commercial vehicles in the U.S. The purpose of this preliminary analysis was to explore the MCMIS dataset through spatiotemporal analyses, to uncover findings that may hint at potential improvements in the DOT inspection process and highlight location-specific trends in the dataset. These analyses are novel, as previous research using the MCMIS dataset only examined the data at the state or county level, not at a national scale. The results from the analyses pinpointed specific major metropolitan areas, namely Harris County (Houston), Texas, and three of the New York boroughs (Kings, Queens, and the Bronx), which were found to have increasing incident rates during the study period (2016–2020). An overview of potential causal factors contributing to this increase are provided as well as an overview of the inspection process, and suggestions for improvement relative to the highlighted locations in Texas and New York are also provided. Ultimately, it is suggested that the incorporation of advanced technology and automation may prove beneficial in reducing the occurrence of events that lead to incidents and may also help in the inspection process.

Omar Flor-Unda, Mauricio Fuentes, Daniel Dávila et al.

Technological advancements have allowed for the design and development of multiple intelligent devices that monitor the health and safety status of workers in the industry in general. This paper reviews and describes the alternative technologies and their potential for monitoring risk situations, vital signs, physical variables, worker positions, and behavioral trends of workers in their work activities in the workplace. A scoping review was conducted using PRISMA ScR in which information was extracted from 99 scientific articles related to these technological advances. The operational characteristics and utilities of devices whose primary function is to control better and monitor worker safety and health were identified. It was concluded that technology strongly improves the acquisition and sending of information. This information can be used to provide alerts and feedback to workers so that they act more safely and protect their health. In addition, technological developments have resulted in devices that eliminate operational risks by replacing manual activities with automated and autonomous tasks.

Gias Oktaruly Sinaga, Clariza Vioito Sinaga

Introduction: Safety performance refers to an individual safety behavior that can be determined by two groups of factors, environmental and individual. Each company has its own safety performance program for its employees. The company's role in occupational health and safety is to create a positive organizational climate by implementing an occupational safety and health management system. This relates to the organization's commitment to prevent accidents and occupational diseases, and to improve the level of work productivity. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the Working Period, safety knowledge, and safety performance among the workforce of the LRT construction project. Method: This research used the quantitative research approach which emphasizes data in the form of numbers and processing by statistical methods. The research design was observational with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this research was 97 respondents who filled in the questionnaires. The independent variables were Working Period relationship and safety knowledge while the dependent variable was safety performance. Result: The results show that the Working Period has a negative relationship with safety performance. Safety knowledge has a positive relationship with safety performance. The individual characteristics of the Jabodebek LRT station construction project are based on a Working Period of < 1 year for 38 people. Conclusion: Working Period has a weak relationship with safety performance and has criteria which relate to negative relationships. However, the relationship between safety knowledge and safety performance has a positive and significant relationship because the broad knowledge of safety of the employees improves their safety performance.

Gianfranco Fancello, Patrizia Serra, Claudia Pinna

Variable message signs (VMS) are used to display messages providing up-to-date traffic-relevant information so that drivers can safely adapt their behavior in real time. The information reported in a VMS should be brief but comprehensive to minimize perception time. The latter can be influenced by the way the message is displayed. This study investigates how the different ways of displaying the same message can influence reading time and the information perception process at different driving speeds. Specifically, the following message characteristics are investigated: (i) use of uppercase and lowercase letters; (ii) use of familiar pictograms; and (iii) use of less familiar pictograms. Furthermore, as perception time typically changes with ageing, drivers belonging to three different age classes are tested. The experimentation was performed by simulating a vehicle passing along a straight road upon which a VMS displaying different messages was placed. Experimentation results are analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, Friedman rank-sum test and Welch one-way ANOVA, showing that: (i) the use of uppercase or lowercase does not seem to significantly affect reading times; (ii) the use of pictograms that are not very familiar to habitual road-users can be counterproductive for the perception process; (iii) elderly drivers always have greater difficulty in perceiving the message than young or middle-aged drivers. The findings of this study can be of help for traffic authorities to design the most suitable structure for a VMS so that its information can be unequivocally and immediately conveyed to drivers.

Jinfeng Li

The author would like to retract the article, published on 17 June 2020, cited above [...]

I. P. Karnachev, V. Nikolaev, N. Smirnova et al.

The statistical reporting system in the Russian Federation, based on the forms and indicators approved by the Federal State Statistics Service, allows monitoring current situation and dynamics of changes in occupational safety and working conditions of employees per industries and types of economic activity of production plants. At the same time, the Russian system of monitoring labor safety protection is ineffective for research, analysis, control, transmission, dissemination and use of information about the causes, circumstances and consequences of occupational injuries on the scale of a plant and a workplace. The comparison of the analysis results in the countries of the European Union and in the Russian Federation shows that focusing on reducing the number of industrial accidents by collecting detailed information allows using this information to identify the main health problems at production sites, as well as developing corrective long-term prevention programs for injuries and diseases. This should be preceded by the theoretical analysis, including development and justification of the structure of the monitoring system, as well as its strategies, goals and objectives that must be solved during implementation.

E. Klimova, A. Semeykin, D. Sinebok et al.

Today, construction takes first place in the number of industrial accidents, including severe and fatal ones. Inconsistency of jobs, work at height, work in extreme conditions, adverse weather factors, all this and much more is the cause of traumatic factors. The article discusses the implementation aspects of modern information technologies that allow you to assess the psycho-emotional state of the employee in real time and make timely decisions on the organization of work safety. Based on the results of the analysis, a “Psychophysiological Monitoring System” is proposed. Existing analogues of such systems are not used in production, more often they are designed to assess the physiological state of athletes. The technology of analysis and assessment of the state of workers is presented, which a complex of interrelated parts is such as: the main sensor module, local receiving and transmitting device, stationary receiving and processing device, sensors for evaluating external conditions, a database and a server for data transmitting and processing. Based on the developed hardware-software complex, measures are proposed for the prevention of injuries in construction during construction and installation works on height.

Akizumi Tsutsumi

F. Khafizov, Zh. da K. Novikova Freyre Shavier

The problem of energy security of industrial enterprises is considered, which is directly related to the technical condition of 6 kV power cables with impregnated paper insulation. The conclusion is made about the need for a unified approach to the prevention of accidents caused by faults and cable defects. The task is to conduct a study and develop an integral criterion that allows identifying the current technical condition of 6 kV power cables. To carry out these studies, a special experimental setup was created in the diagnostic laboratory of the Ufa State Petroleum Technical University. The developed research method is based on the theory of non-destructive testing. Analysis of the research results based on the analysis of input and output signals of various frequencies, taking into account the characteristics of the power cable, confirmed the fact of changes in the measured values. This indicates the presence of damage and defects inside the cable. Diagnostic parameters were obtained during the research. The relationship between these parameters and the characteristic level of cable defects and damages is established. Using an artificial neural network, integral diagnostic parameters were formed, and an integral criterion was developed. The use of this criterion will allow to identify faults and defects in power cables and track the dynamics of their development, predict the residual resource of cables, and transfer them to maintenance according to their actual condition. All this will further increase the safety and efficiency of electrical equipment operation at the industrial enterprises.