Hegemonic discourse prevails in our post-colonial world. The social order created by Western power-knowledge (le savoir-pouvoir) has become increasingly challenged for failing to provide an in-alienable and equal ground of discourse. Exploring, through five illustrations, the extent to which an East-ern narrative can be translated into a Western context, or vice versa, my work speaks of my awareness to the Western-monopolised cultural arena sugar-coated under the grande utopian idea of Globalism/ Mondialism. Globalism, in its own execution, has come to justify the unequal exchange of materials as well as international values, and discriminately marginalises female discourses marked by women's appropriation of a masculinist language. This thesis will articulate an alternative discourse to construct a new perspec-tive on existing socio-cultural norms.
The chapter presents mathematical models intended for creating a topological drawing of a non-separable non-planar graph based on the methods of G. Ringel's vertex rotation theory. The induced system of cycles generates a topological drawing of a certain thickness. A method for determining the location of imaginary vertices by finding the intersection of connections on a plane is presented. A topological drawing of a maximum planar subgraph is used as a basis.
In child-centered design, directly engaging children is crucial for deeply understanding their experiences. However, current research often prioritizes adult perspectives, as interviewing children involves unique challenges such as environmental sensitivities and the need for trust-building. AI-powered virtual humans (VHs) offer a promising approach to facilitate engaging and multimodal interactions with children. This study establishes key design guidelines for LLM-powered virtual humans tailored to child interviews, standardizing multimodal elements including color schemes, voice characteristics, facial features, expressions, head movements, and gestures. Using ChatGPT-based prompt engineering, we developed three distinct Human-AI workflows (LLM-Auto, LLM-Interview, and LLM-Analyze) and conducted a user study involving 15 children aged 6 to 12. The results indicated that the LLM-Analyze workflow outperformed the others by eliciting longer responses, achieving higher user experience ratings, and promoting more effective child engagement.
In this article we describe a program -- called planar_draw -- to draw maps on oriented surfaces in the plane. The drawings are coded as tikz files that can easily be manipulated and used in latex documents. Next to plane maps -- a case for which already several programs exist -- the program allows to draw maps of genus at least one inside a fundamental polygon or with non-contractible cycles displayed as disjoint cycles that have to be identified. Several options allow to tailor the output for individual needs -- e.g.\ by forcing some edges to be completely inside the fundamental polygon. In combination with a program embedding graphs, the tool can also be used for graphs that do not already come with an embedding in an orientable surface.
<p class="5Abstract"><strong>Ab</strong><strong><span lang="IN">s</span>trak</strong><strong><span lang="IN">.</span></strong>Perkembangan sektor bisnis usaha mikro, kecil, menengah atau UMKM di bidang pangan menjadi tantangan bagi para pelaku UMKM untuk mampu meningkatkan daya saing terutama dalam hal inovasi dan kreativitas. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menarik minat konsumen adalah melalui perancangan desain kemasan yang unik dan menggambarkan karakteristik produk sehingga menciptakan nilai tambah bagi produk. Dapur Ibu merupakan salah satu UMKM yang menjual makanan tradisional yaitu nasi bakar. Dapur Ibu berencana mengembangkan bisnisnya melalui layanan pesan antar dan membutuhkan kemasan yang memudahkan pengantaran sekaligus sebagai media komunikasi dengan konsumen. Sementara dalam mengemas produknya, Dapur Ibu hanya menggunakan kemasan <em>styrofoam </em>yang tidak mampu menunjukkan daya tarik visual produk<em>. </em>Selain itu, <em>styrofoam </em>merupakan kemasan tidak ramah lingkungan dan sulit diurai.<em> </em>Hal ini yang mendorong Dapur Ibu untuk beralih menggunakan kemasan berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses perancangan desain kemasan nasi bakar Dapur Ibu yang sesuai dengan target pasar, penerapan konsep visual berdasarkan karakteristik produk dan pengaplikasian gaya visual pada media pendukung yang relevan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan metode <em>design thinking</em> dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, survei dan studi literatur. Proses perancangan ini menghasilkan desain kemasan nasi bakar Dapur Ibu dengan konsep kelezatan cita rasa yang ditunjukkan melalui penggunaan elemen foto nasi bakar dan ilustrasi rempah sehingga lebih menarik dan memberikan kesan yang realistis melalui sajian masakan nasi bakar. Melalui perancangan ini, diharapkan Dapur Ibu dapat mencapai tujuan dalam pengembangan bisnis dan menjawab solusi penggunaan kemasan ramah lingkungan. </p>
Arianna Mª Fanio González, Carlos Jiménez Martínez, Jorge de la Torre Cantero
Este estudio explora la mejora de las habilidades críticas, analíticas y proyectuales en la educación superior en Diseño mediante la aplicación teórico-práctica de ocho principios éticos de la cultura maker durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje: Hacer, Compartir, Aprender, Equipar, Jugar, Participar, Apoyar, Cambiar. Desde una metodología experimental cualitativa, se analizan exámenes, ejercicios y proyectos desarrollados en tres asignaturas: Ilustración, Diseño para el Sector Turístico y Ecodiseño. Los resultados indican que el estudiantado adopta nuevas perspectivas colaborativas con diversos grados de asimilación y reflexión. Se propone una guía didáctica preliminar, recomendando la ampliación de métodos y muestras en futuras investigaciones.
Rodrigo Vargas-Callegari, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Torrent
El presente artículo adopta un enfoque histórico-biográfico para examinar la influencia del golpe cívico-militar de 1973 en Chile, en el diseño profesional y las trayectorias de los individuos en este campo. Utilizando una combinación de revisión de literatura y entrevistas con informantes clave, el estudio analiza la continuidad y discontinuidad estructural en el diseño profesional a lo largo del tiempo. Se argumenta que esta interconexión entre prácticas, objetivos y fenómenos sociales está intrínsecamente ligada a la imposición del modelo neoliberal en Chile por fuerza. La investigación sugiere que esta conexión entre elementos del contexto sociopolítico y el diseño profesional genera una dinámica donde se observa una diversificación de enfoques académicos y profesionales, que reflejan desacuerdos en cuanto a los objetivos del campo y un proceso inconcluso de consolidación epistemológica que obstaculizan la posición profesional y la formación de una comunidad académica cohesionada.
Joshua Sparks, Markus Kuba, Srinivasan Balaji
et al.
Early investigation of Pólya urns considered drawing balls one at a time. In the last two decades, several authors considered multiple drawing in each step, but mostly for schemes on two colors. In this manuscript, we consider multiple drawing from urns of balls of multiple colors, formulating asymptotic theory for specific urn classes and addressing more applications. The class we consider is affine and tenable, built around a "core" square matrix. An index for the drawing schema is derived from the eigenvalues of the core. We identify three regimes: small-, critical-, and large-index. In the small-index regime, we find an asymptotic Gaussian law. In the critical-index regime, we also find an asymptotic Gaussian law, albeit a difference in the scale factor, which involves logarithmic terms. In both of these regimes, we have explicit forms for the structure of the mean and the covariance matrix of the composition vector (both exact and asymptotic). In all three regimes we have strong laws.
Paula Carolina Lozano Duarte, Florentia Afentaki, Georgios Zervakis
et al.
Flexible Electronics (FE) offer distinct advantages, including mechanical flexibility and low process temperatures, enabling extremely low-cost production. To address the demands of applications such as smart sensors and wearables, flexible devices must be small and operate at low supply voltages. Additionally, target applications often require classifiers to operate directly on analog sensory input, necessitating the use of Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs) to process the sensory data. However, ADCs present serious challenges, particularly in terms of high area and power consumption, especially when considering stringent area and energy budget. In this work, we target common classifiers in this domain such as MLPs and SVMs and present a holistic approach to mitigate the elevated overhead of analog to digital interfacing in FE. First, we propose a novel design for Binary Search ADC that reduces area overhead 2X compared with the state-of-the-art Binary design and up to 5.4X compared with Flash ADC. Next, we present an in-training ADC optimization in which we keep the bare-minimum representations required and simplifying ADCs by removing unnecessary components. Our in-training optimization further reduces on average the area in terms of transistor count of the required ADCs by 5X for less than 1% accuracy loss.
The objective of this Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D) thesis is to propose an efficient approach for optimizing a multidisciplinary black-box model when the optimization problem is constrained and involves a large number of mixed integer design variables (typically 100 variables). The targeted optimization approach, called EGO, is based on a sequential enrichment of an adaptive surrogate model and, in this context, GP surrogate models are one of the most widely used in engineering problems to approximate time-consuming high fidelity models. EGO is a heuristic BO method that performs well in terms of solution quality. However, like any other global optimization method, EGO suffers from the curse of dimensionality, meaning that its performance is satisfactory on lower dimensional problems, but deteriorates as the dimensionality of the optimization search space increases. For realistic aircraft design problems, the typical size of the design variables can even exceed 100 and, thus, trying to solve directly the problems using EGO is ruled out. The latter is especially true when the problems involve both continuous and categorical variables increasing even more the size of the search space. In this Ph.D thesis, effective parameterization tools are investigated, including techniques like partial least squares regression, to significantly reduce the number of design variables. Additionally, Bayesian optimization is adapted to handle discrete variables and high-dimensional spaces in order to reduce the number of evaluations when optimizing innovative aircraft concepts such as the "DRAGON" hybrid airplane to reduce their climate impact.
This special issue of Temes de Disseny explores emerging habitats and design as a worldmaking agent across a variety of scales, settings and disciplines.
Can design leverage its worldmaking potential using its symbolic and operative apparatuses to proliferate various versions of the world? Can design maintain and even multiply plural worlds in the face of global homogenisation? Contributing authors manifest these fundamental and intertwined questions through a rich and diverse series of contributions compiled from radical design practices, applied research, case studies, practice-based reflections and pictorials that are far-reaching in their intersectionality and forward orientation.
Oswin Aichholzer, Man-Kwun Chiu, Hung P. Hoang
et al.
For a drawing of a labeled graph, the rotation of a vertex or crossing is the cyclic order of its incident edges, represented by the labels of their other endpoints. The extended rotation system (ERS) of the drawing is the collection of the rotations of all vertices and crossings. A drawing is simple if each pair of edges has at most one common point. Gioan's Theorem states that for any two simple drawings of the complete graph $K_n$ with the same crossing edge pairs, one drawing can be transformed into the other by a sequence of triangle flips (a.k.a. Reidemeister moves of Type 3). This operation refers to the act of moving one edge of a triangular cell formed by three pairwise crossing edges over the opposite crossing of the cell, via a local transformation. We investigate to what extent Gioan-type theorems can be obtained for wider classes of graphs. A necessary (but in general not sufficient) condition for two drawings of a graph to be transformable into each other by a sequence of triangle flips is that they have the same ERS. As our main result, we show that for the large class of complete multipartite graphs, this necessary condition is in fact also sufficient. We present two different proofs of this result, one of which is shorter, while the other one yields a polynomial time algorithm for which the number of needed triangle flips for graphs on $n$ vertices is bounded by $O(n^{16})$. The latter proof uses a Carathéodory-type theorem for simple drawings of complete multipartite graphs, which we believe to be of independent interest. Moreover, we show that our Gioan-type theorem for complete multipartite graphs is essentially tight in the sense that having the same ERS does not remain sufficient when removing or adding very few edges.
El artículo estudia la cuestión de la especificidad del medio en el contexto de las transformaciones de la digitalización, en especial la condición actual de la fotografía. La digitalización intensifica las contradicciones del discurso de la autonomía del medio fotográfico, pues diluye las diferencias entre imagen fija
y en movimiento e incluso entre imagen analógica y digital. Las imágenes interconectadas en red son simultáneamente singulares y múltiples, presentan una movilidad interna y externa, y sus formas de aparición y conectividad son dependientes de operaciones que desbordan la percepción humana. Cuestionando términos como el de flujo y circulación el artículo propone la articulación entre escalas y ritmos, entre una mirada sobre las imágenes a la vez distante y concentrada, capaz de abordar críticamente las condiciones actuales de producción y recepción de las expresiones culturales.
Raghuvir Pai Ballambat, Mohammad Zuber, Shah Mohammed Abdul Khader
et al.
Abstract Cerebral intracranial aneurysms are serious problems that can lead to stroke, coma, and even death. The effect of blood flow on cerebral aneurysms and their relationship with rupture are unknown. In addition, postural changes and their relevance to haemodynamics of blood flow are difficult to measure in vivo using clinical imaging alone. Computational simulations investigating the detailed haemodynamics in cerebral aneurysms have been developed in recent times not only to understand the progression and rupture but also for clinical evaluation and treatment. In the present study, the haemodynamics of a patient-specific case of a large aneurysm on the left side internal carotid bifurcation (LICA) and no aneurysm on the right side internal carotid bifurcation (RICA) was investigated. The simulation of these patient-specific models using fluid–structure interaction provides a valuable comparison of flow behavior between normal and aneurysm models. The influences of postural changes were investigated during standing, sleeping, and head-down (HD) position. Significant changes in flow were observed during the HD position and quit high arterial blood pressure in the internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm model was established when compared to the normal ICA model. The velocity increased abruptly during the HD position by more than four times (LICA and RICA) and wall shear stress by four times (LICA) to ten times (RICA). The complex spiral flow and higher pressures prevailing within the dome increase the risk of aneurysm rupture.
Drawing. Design. Illustration, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
We summarize the recent developments in the model design and computation for a few representative quantum many-body systems, encompassing quantum critical metals beyond the Hertz-Millis-Moriya framework with pseudogap and superconductivity, SYK non-Fermi-liquid with self-tuned quantum criticality and fluctuation induced superconductivity, and the flat-band quantum Moiré lattice models in continuum where the interplay of quantum geometry of flat-band wave function and the long-range Coulomb interactions gives rise to novel insulating phases at integer fillings and superconductivity away from them. Although the narrative choreography seems simple, we show how important the appropriate model design and their tailor-made algorithmic developments -- in other words, the scientific imagination inspired by the corresponding fast experimental developments in the aforementioned systems -- compel us to invent and discover new knowledge and insights in the sport and pastime of quantum many-body research.
Walter Didimo, Michael Kaufmann, Giuseppe Liotta
et al.
A planar orthogonal drawing of a planar 4-graph G (i.e., a planar graph with vertex-degree at most four) is a crossing-free drawing that maps each vertex of G to a distinct point of the plane and each edge of $G$ to a sequence of horizontal and vertical segments between its end-points. A longstanding open question in Graph Drawing, dating back over 30 years, is whether there exists a linear-time algorithm to compute an orthogonal drawing of a plane 4-graph with the minimum number of bends. The term "plane" indicates that the input graph comes together with a planar embedding, which must be preserved by the drawing (i.e., the drawing must have the same set of faces as the input graph). In this paper, we positively answer the question above for the widely-studied class of series-parallel graphs. Our linear-time algorithm is based on a characterization of the planar series-parallel graphs that admit an orthogonal drawing without bends. This characterization is given in terms of the orthogonal spirality that each type of triconnected component of the graph can take; the orthogonal spirality of a component measures how much that component is "rolled-up" in an orthogonal drawing of the graph.
L’architettura e la figura complessa, prolifica e poliedrica di Luigi Pellegrin, architetto francese di nascita ma romano d’adozione, sono qui indagate attraverso alcuni dei suoi disegni che incarnano la visione di un mondo che non esiste ma che, al tempo stesso, appare alla portata di una società evoluta. Il ritrovamento di un manoscritto di appunti per una lezione, accompagnato da alcune fotocomposizioni, e il ricordo personale legato ad un suo disegno inedito costituiscono il punto di partenza per indagare la sua architettura. In particolare, gli autori riflettono sul suo privilegiato rapporto col disegno, formatosi grazie alle lezioni universitarie di Vincenzo Fasolo, sulla sezione prospettica, vero dispositivo principe della sua comunicazione di progetto, e sulle implicazioni semantiche che la posizione dell’osservatore e la struttura prospettica sembrano aggiungere alla ricezione dei suoi progetti.
Ilaria Trizio, Francesca Savini, Adriana Marra
et al.
I metodi e gli strumenti finalizzati alla documentazione del costruito storico seguono spesso percorsi differenti in funzione dei lessici propri delle discipline coinvolte nel processo di conoscenza. Tale assunto emerge in tutta la sua evidenza quando si opera in contesti fragili, in cui il rischio di perdita dei beni, dovuto a eventi naturali e/o antropici, è elevato. Pertanto, per favorire un approccio alla ricerca dallo spiccato carattere multidisciplinare, è necessario trovare un raccordo, anche metodologico, che consenta di raggiungere in modo condiviso l’obiettivo comune della conoscenza finalizzata alla conservazione e trasmissione del patrimonio. In questa sede si presentano i risultati di una ricerca volta a testare le potenzialità di un sistema digitale per l’integrazione dei lessici di due discipline: quella del disegno e dell’archeologia dell’architettura. Lo strumento individuato, il Virtual Tour, è versatile e di facile utilizzo, e quando opportunamente progettato diviene un hub in grado di raccordare tematismi e renderli accessibili, oltre che ai diversi professionisti, anche a un pubblico ampio, favorendo la gestione del patrimonio da parte degli enti proprietari e la sua fruizione. Le potenzialità dello strumento vengono illustrate attraverso l’applicazione a un caso di studio, la chiesa di San Menna di Lucoli (AQ) che, sebbene di ridotte dimensioni, è caratterizzata da diverse fasi costruttive e da un apparato decorativo dal grande valore storico-artistico.