Hasil untuk "Engineering"

E. Miya

P. O'Connor, A. Kleyner

S. R. S. Kalpakjian

J. Nielsen, J. Villadsen

B. Wielinga, Guus Schreiber, J. A. Breuker

W. Smith

Shoufeng Yang, K. Leong, Z. Du et al.

Tissue engineering (TE) is an important emerging area in biomedical engineering for creating biological alternatives for harvested tissues, implants, and prostheses. In TE, a highly porous artificial extracellular matrix or scaffold is required to accommodate mammalian cells and guide their growth and tissue regeneration in three-dimension (3D). However, existing 3D scaffolds for TE proved less than ideal for actual applications because they lack mechanical strength, interconnected channels, and controlled porosity or pores distribution. In this paper, the authors review the application and advancement of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques in the design and creation of synthetic scaffolds for use in TE. We also review the advantages and benefits, and limitations and shortcomings of current RP techniques as well as the future direction of RP development in TE scaffold fabrication.

M. Nagamachi

F. Ham, I. Kostanic

Jia Yao-dong

Elke Nevoigt

Andriy Miranskyy

Quantum computing is increasingly practiced through programming, yet most educational offerings emphasize algorithmic or framework-level use rather than software engineering concerns such as testing, abstraction, tooling, and lifecycle management. This paper reports on the design and first offering of a cross-listed undergraduate--graduate course that frames quantum computing through a software engineering lens, focusing on early-stage competence relevant to software engineering practice. The course integrates foundational quantum concepts with software engineering perspectives, emphasizing executable artifacts, empirical reasoning, and trade-offs arising from probabilistic behaviour, noise, and evolving toolchains. Evidence is drawn from instructor observations, student feedback, surveys, and analysis of student work. Despite minimal prior exposure to quantum computing, students were able to engage productively with quantum software engineering topics once a foundational understanding of quantum information and quantum algorithms, expressed through executable artifacts, was established. This experience report contributes a modular course design, a scalable assessment model for mixed academic levels, and transferable lessons for software engineering educators developing quantum computing curricula.

D. Buede

P. Baláž

Jamie L. Ifkovits, J. Burdick

Xinyi Wang, Shaukat Ali, Paolo Arcaini

In order to handle the increasing complexity of software systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been applied to various areas of software engineering, including requirements engineering, coding, testing, and debugging. This has led to the emergence of AI for Software Engineering as a distinct research area within the field of software engineering. With the development of quantum computing, the field of Quantum AI (QAI) is arising, enhancing the performance of classical AI and holding significant potential for solving classical software engineering problems. Some initial applications of QAI in software engineering have already emerged, such as test case optimization. However, the path ahead remains open, offering ample opportunities to solve complex software engineering problems cost-effectively with QAI. To this end, this paper presents a roadmap towards the application of QAI in software engineering. Specifically, we consider two of the main categories of QAI, i.e., quantum optimization algorithms and quantum machine learning. For each software engineering phase, we discuss how these QAI approaches can address some of the tasks associated with that phase. Moreover, we provide an overview of some of the possible challenges that need to be addressed to make the application of QAI for software engineering successful.

Jianhua Bai, Fayuan Zhou, Wei Zhang et al.

At present, the characteristics of supercritical hydrothermal combustion for heavy oils remain unclear, which severely limits the application of this process. In this work, the effect of key parameters on the characteristics of supercritical hydrothermal combustion of heavy oil are studied. The heat value at a heavy oil concentration of 30 wt.% is 12.21 MJ·kg⁻¹, significantly higher than that of an alcohol–water mixture with an equivalent mass fraction. Thus, the minimum ignition temperature of heavy oil can reach the subcritical temperature of 300 °C. Appropriately increasing pressure and the oxidation coefficient can enhance burnout efficiency, but an excessively high oxidation coefficient will produce adverse effects. The optimized parameters for heavy oil supercritical hydrothermal combustion are a preheating temperature of 350 °C, a fuel concentration of 30 wt.%, an oxidation coefficient of 1.5, and a reaction pressure of 25 MPa, resulting in a burnout rate of 99.15%.

Silvia Palombella, Silvia Lopa, Camilla Recordati et al.

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease marked by cartilage degeneration and inflammation. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and their secretome in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Methods ASCs were extracted from human adipose tissue, cultured, and primed with human platelet lysate. The secretome was collected after 48 h of serum-free culture. Osteoarthritis was induced in rats using monosodium iodoacetate, and after 14 days, they were treated with saline solution, ASCs, or secretome. Over five weeks, body weight and histopathological changes were monitored. Results No clinical complications arose post-treatment, and all rats gained weight similarly. ASC treatment increased histopathological changes associated with osteoarthritis, including severe cartilage necrosis and bone remodeling. Conversely, the secretome treatment resulted in mild to moderate cartilage degeneration, similar to that observed in the control group. These findings suggest that ASCs may contribute to disease progression in this model, while the secretome did not show significant effects on cartilage histology compared to the control group. Further studies are needed to determine whether optimizing the secretome composition or dosing could enhance its therapeutic potential. Conclusions This study highlights the complexity of ASC interactions with the immune system, while secretome may be a well-tolerated treatment, further studies are needed to determine its potential therapeutic benefits.

M. Ohland, S. Sheppard, Gary Lichtenstein et al.

J. Keasling