Hasil untuk "The Bible"

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration

The binary black hole signal GW250114, the loudest gravitational wave detected to date, offers a unique opportunity to test Einstein's general relativity (GR) in the high-velocity, strong-gravity regime and probe whether the remnant conforms to the Kerr metric. Upon perturbation, black holes emit a spectrum of damped sinusoids with specific, complex frequencies. Our analysis of the post-merger signal shows that at least two quasi-normal modes are required to explain the data, with the most damped remaining statistically significant for about one cycle. We probe the remnant's Kerr nature by constraining the spectroscopic pattern of the dominant quadrupolar ($\ell = m = 2$) mode and its first overtone to match the Kerr prediction to tens of percent at multiple post-peak times. The measured mode amplitudes and phases agree with a numerical-relativity simulation having parameters close to GW250114. By fitting a parameterized waveform that incorporates the full inspiral-merger-ringdown sequence, we constrain the fundamental $(\ell=m=4)$ mode to tens of percent and bound the quadrupolar frequency to within a few percent of the GR prediction. We perform a suite of tests -- spanning inspiral, merger, and ringdown -- finding constraints that are comparable to, and in some cases 2-3 times more stringent than those obtained by combining dozens of events in the fourth Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. These results constitute the most stringent single-event verification of GR and the Kerr nature of black holes to date, and outline the power of black-hole spectroscopy for future gravitational-wave observations.

The VERITAS collaboration, The HAWC collaboration, The Fermi-LAT collaboration

This paper investigates the origin of the $γ$-ray emission from MGRO J1908+06 in the GeV-TeV energy band. By analyzing the data collected by {\it Fermi}-LAT, VERITAS, and HAWC, with the addition of spectral data previously reported by LHAASO, a multiwavelength (MW) study of the morphological and spectral features of MGRO J1908+06 provides insight into the origin of the $γ$-ray emission. The mechanism behind the bright TeV emission is studied by constraining the magnetic field strength, the source age and the distance through detailed broadband modeling. Both spectral shape and energy-dependent morphology support the scenario that inverse-Compton (IC) emission of an evolved pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with PSR J1907+0602 is responsible for the MGRO J1908+06 $γ$-ray emission with a best-fit true age of $T=22\pm 9$ kyr and a magnetic field of $B=5.4 \pm 0.8\ μ\mathrm{G}$, assuming the distance to the pulsar $d_{\mathrm{PSR}}=3.2$ kpc.

Jun-Muk Hwang, Dennis The

We exploit a natural correspondence between holomorphic $(2,3,5)$-distributions and nondegenerate lines on holomorphic contact manifolds of dimension $5$ to present a new perspective in the study of symmetries of $(2,3,5)$-distributions. This leads to a number of new results in this classical subject, including an unexpected relation between the multiply-transitive families of models having $7$- and $6$-dimensional symmetries, and a one-to-one correspondence between equivalence classes of nontransitive $(2,3,5)$-distributions with $6$-dimensional symmetries and nonhomogeneous nondegenerate Legendrian curves in $\mathbb{P}^3$. An ingredient for establishing the former is an explicit classification of homogeneous nondegenerate Legendrian curves in $\mathbb{P}^3$, which we present.

Tran The Anh, Tran Dinh Trong, Attila J. Krasznahorkay et al.

We have repeated the experiment performed recently by Krasznahorkay et al., (Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 042501 (2016)), which may indicate a new particle called X17 in the literature. In order to get a reliable, and independent result, we used a different type of electron-positron pair spectrometer which have a more simple acceptance/efficiency as a function of the correlation angle, but the other conditions of the experiment were very similar to the published ones. We could confirm the presence of the anomaly measured at the E$_x$=18.15 MeV resonance, and also confirm their absence at the E$_x$=17.6 MeV resonance, and at E$_p$= 800 keV off resonance energies.

Timóteo Cavaco

Until the seventeenth century, no Portuguese person or any other individual had either planned or accomplished a full translation of the Bible into Portuguese. As research has shown, there is a significant quantity of partial Bible texts in Portuguese during the late medieval period, but it was João Ferreira de Almeida (ca. 1628–1691) who undertook the “first common translation … of the Sacred Books.” Since the mid-eighteenth century, the “Almeida Bible” has been published in different versions, first in the Far East—Java and India—and, from the early nineteenth century, in Europe and America. This paper focuses on the historical context in which the Bible translation undertaken by João Ferreira de Almeida emerged and the main characteristics of the translation. It also provides a historical analysis of the revisions that the initial texts underwent in their different chronological and geographical environments, and ends with suggestions for a new revision of the European Portuguese version of the Almeida Bible.

Ehud Tsemach, A. Zohar

Abstract Bible studies are one of the foundations of Israeli education. Nevertheless, this content area has been neglected for many years and it is now bordering on crisis. Passive learning style and classroom discussions that lead to predetermined conclusions are prevalent in Bible classes in both elementary and high schools. In this article, we present the Teaching Thinking in Bible Studies Initiative that seeks to facilitate active Bible studies where students construct the meaning of the text autonomously. The initiative also encourages students to use core thinking strategies when reading the Bible. Our model proposes a Bible lesson directed at well-defined thinking goals that unfold throughout the lesson, and that includes explicit discussions of thinking processes and strategies. The first section of this article explores theories and research, identifying the characteristics and principles of teaching thinking, and reviews previous studies about Bible education. In the second, we present the initiative's pedagogical principles and the structure of a thinking-based Bible lesson. In the third section, we provide two examples of teaching thinking in Bible lessons focused on argumentation and asking questions. Finally, in the discussion, we examine how our initiative corresponds and adds to other initiatives and the teaching thinking literature.

Johnson Allen Kessy, Dennis The

The fundamental invariants for vector ODEs of order $\ge 3$ considered up to point transformations consist of generalized Wilczynski invariants and C-class invariants. An ODE of C-class is characterized by the vanishing of the former. For any fixed C-class invariant ${\mathcal U}$, we give a local (point) classification for all submaximally symmetric ODEs of C-class with ${\mathcal U} \not \equiv 0$ and all remaining C-class invariants vanishing identically. Our results yield generalizations of a well-known classical result for scalar ODEs due to Sophus Lie. Fundamental invariants correspond to the harmonic curvature of the associated Cartan geometry. A key new ingredient underlying our classification results is an advance concerning the harmonic theory associated with the structure of vector ODEs of C-class. Namely, for each irreducible C-class module, we provide an explicit identification of a lowest weight vector as a harmonic 2-cochain.

Hasnah Nasution, Muhammad S.A. Nasution, Wulan Dayu et al.

The resistance of Muslims to shamanism began when lies of the shamans were exposed on social media. Many shamans practise fraud under the guise of religion. Magical objects such as luminous daggers or stones that emit smoke, used by shamans as occult actors are also known to be objects of magic tricks that are sold freely and can be used by anyone. Scholars also continuously preach that Muslims’ belief in shamans is forbidden. Therefore, Muslims in Indonesia fear that believing in shamans degrades human dignity and makes worship unacceptable. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that cause the resistance of Muslim youth to shamanism. This study used a cross-sectional design which was conducted by interviewing 3025 Muslim youths who had the desire to highlight shamanism phenomena in North Sumatra. The analysis in this study used a logistic regression test with Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JAPS 16 software). The results of this study indicate that Muslim youths have a high resistance to shamanism. The resistance of young Muslims to shamanism is influenced by emancipative Islamic theology (p  0.001; Exp [β] = 2.504) and hifz al-din [maintaining religion] (p = 0.001; Exp [β] = 2.293). Muslim youths have high resistance to shamanism due to the fear that this culture will reduce the dignity of the human caliphate if it is subject to anyone other than Allah. Muslim youth also have high resistance to shamanism because they are of the view that shamanism makes worship unacceptable to Allah SWT. Contribution: This article explains the resistance of Muslim youth to shamanism. It also demonstrates how Muslims live in a multicultural society.

Zhicheng Wang

The eco-environmental problems have become a hot topic of global concern today. Many scholars seek intellectual resources from traditional cultures to solve these problems. This article tries to extract the rich ecological thoughts from the text of Laozi. According to Laozi, Tao is ‘the mother of all beneath Heaven’, that is, the whole universe, including man and nature, evolve from Tao. This indicates the primary harmony of man and nature. However, man mistakenly regards himself as the lord of nature, and uses his force and methods of science and technology to enslave nature, causing the current ecological crisis. The way to resolve the crisis is pointed out in the following statement: ‘Man should imitate Earth, Earth should imitate Heaven, Heaven should imitate Tao, and Tao is being what it is’. Laozi advocates man to imitate nature, leading a life of ‘having no self’, ‘wu wei’ or ‘desiring no-desire’. This is the Tao-centred way of living, which brings about a transformation in human existence. Contribution: This article argues that the current ecological crisis is caused by mankind’s mistaken belief that they are the masters of nature. The philosophical ideas of Laozi provide a way to resolve the crisis, advocating that humans should imitate nature and adopt a Tao-centred way of living. This way of living brings about a transformation in human existence. The article provides a philosophical perspective on how to solve contemporary environmental problems.

Arya D. McCarthy, R. Wicks, D. Lewis et al.

Anja Lobenstein-Reichmann

Translation has often been the primary cultural medium through which history’s greatest visions for society have been communicated and acculturated. But few translations have had as much influence on German religion, politics, culture, and language as Luther’s Bible translation did. This article discusses Luther’s role as a reformer of language and as a Bible translator. Of course these two roles can scarcely be considered independently of each other. The Reformation was deeply marked by his translation choices, and his distinctive way of reading, interpreting, and communicating the Bible’s meaning.

Dennis The

In his 1910 paper, Élie Cartan gave a tour-de-force solution to the (local) equivalence problem for generic rank 2 distributions on 5-manifolds, i.e. $(2,3,5)$-distributions. From a modern perspective, these structures admit equivalent descriptions as (regular, normal) parabolic geometries modelled on a quotient of $G_2$, but this is not transparent from his article: indeed, the Cartan "connection" of 1910 is not a "Cartan connection" in the modern sense. We revisit the classification of multiply-transitive $(2,3,5)$-distributions from a modern Cartan-geometric perspective, incorporating $G_2$ structure theory throughout, obtaining: (i) the complete (local) classifications in the complex and real settings, phrased "Cartan-theoretically", and (ii) the full curvature and infinitesimal holonomy of all these models. Moreover, we Cartan-theoretically prove exceptionality of the $3:1$ ratio for two 2-spheres rolling on each other without twisting or slipping, yielding a $(2,3,5)$-distribution with symmetry the Lie algebra of the split real form of $G_2$.

Ruslan Ruslan, Muhammad A. Burga, Muli U. Noer

Indonesia has the biggest Muslim population globally, and one of the Islamic beliefs among people of this nation is tarekat, which is sometimes considered as a heretic. Therefore, this article aims to analyse the meaning of diction tarekat according to the Qur’an and its implications for the Buginese community, one of the oldest ethnicities in Indonesia. This is a conceptual and empirical research with the purposive sampling method used to determine the informants from several tarekat leaders and congregations. Data were collected through documentation, observation and interviews and analysed using Miles and Huberman’s qualitative analysis technique. This process consists of data reduction, display and drawing conclusions. The study results showed that, firstly, the word tarekat in the Qur’an indicates the meaning of inner journey and the methods and ways of thinking, acting and behaving. Secondly, to the Buginese community, it implies a spiritual path to a higher level of appreciation towards their God. Thirdly, the meaning of the diction tarekat in the Qur’an has implications for its understanding, which can be seen in the practice of dhikr, spiritual behaviour and the way of life of those implementing these heretics. Contribution: This article enriched the religious belief among Muslims, which scholars rarely uncover. Adherents of Islam in Indonesia have a social and political responsibility regarding religious tolerance within and outside other religions. This proves that Muslims contribute to world peace in Middle-East and South-Eastern Asia.

Christos Christodoulopoulos, Mark Steedman

We describe the creation of a massively parallel corpus based on 100 translations of the Bible. We discuss some of the difficulties in acquiring and processing the raw material as well as the potential of the Bible as a corpus for natural language processing. Finally we present a statistical analysis of the corpora collected and a detailed comparison between the English translation and other English corpora.

Johnson Allen Kessy, Dennis The

The maximal contact symmetry dimensions for scalar ODEs of order $\ge 4$ and vector ODEs of order $\ge 3$ are well known. Using a Cartan-geometric approach, we determine for these ODEs the next largest realizable (submaximal) symmetry dimension. Moreover, finer curvature-constrained submaximal symmetry dimensions are also classified.

Katherine Gwyther

This article focuses on the feasting and fasting scenes that permeate the book of Esther. It examines the interactions between fasting and feasting through a lens of hybridity rather than reversal, as is the predominant approach of Western scholarship. To do so, it links the feasting and fasting to Persian and Jewish activity, respectively. Ultimately, it argues that Purim is an example of hybridity as it combines feasting and fasting in its observance, creating a hybrid of Persian and Jewish activity. The construction of Purim as a hybrid is considered in three sections and it relies on Homi K. Bhabha’s postcolonial conception of hybridity: (1) feasting and fasting as Persian and Jewish activity, (2) Esther’s mimicry and the beginning of the hybrid and (3) Purim as a hybrid. Understanding Purim as a hybrid, this article concludes by exploring how this hybrid can offer a challenge to the textual presentation of Persian hegemony in the book of Esther. https://doi.org/10.17159/2312–3621/2021/v34n1a5

Anna Rambiert-Kwaśniewska

Sonja Zdravkova Djeparoska

Although dance as a topic has been explored through various theoretical and thematic discourse, little attention has been paid to the presence of dance motifs in Christian imagery. An examination of Orthodox Macedonian medieval fresco painting provides a fascinating point of entry into this overlooked subject. Analysis reveals the presence of two dominant approaches, conditioned primarily by the position of dancing in the philosophical-ethical discourse present in the Bible and other late antique and medieval theological texts. Some frescoes and icons show the body as a channel through which the Lord is glorified. Others show it as an instrument and reflection of immorality instigated by demonic powers. As in each approach, the bodies have differing semantic qualities, valuable information can be obtained about the performing practices present in this historical period.

Boris Doubrov, Joël Merker, Dennis The

Holomorphically homogeneous CR real hypersurfaces $M^3 \subset \mathbb{C}^2$ were classified by Élie Cartan in 1932. In the next dimension, we complete the classification of simply-transitive Levi non-degenerate hypersurfaces $M^5 \subset \mathbb{C}^3$ using a novel Lie algebraic approach independent of any earlier classifications of abstract Lie algebras. Central to our approach is a new coordinate-free formula for the fundamental (complexified) quartic tensor. Our final result has a unique (Levi-indefinite) non-tubular model, for which we demonstrate geometric relations to planar equi-affine geometry.

Helmut Jan Sobeczko

The problem of method (methods) in theology is connected to the understanding of theology as a science as well as to the understanding of its identity. In theology understood as a science there is no single scientific method, because there are many theological disciplines and each of them uses its own methods. Therefore, we speak in fact of the pluralism of the theological methods. In this paper the Author limited the analysis of the methodological issues of theological studies to showing the basic methodological elements: first, to those which are common to all theological disciplines and second, he presented one of the most important hermeneutic methods, i.e. the linguistic one, which is a method of analysing texts, used mainly in biblical, liturgical and patristic sciences. In the last part of the paper he refers to some of the newest works concerning the methods used in different theological disciplines.