Hasil untuk "History of education"

Rachele Toniolo, Anita Zanella, Andrea Cottinelli et al.

The AMACA project (Astronomy education with a Multi-sensory, Accessible, and Circular Approach) develops multi-sensory activities for accessible education and engagement in astronomy. Despite promising innovations, existing resources are often poorly documented, designed for one-time events, expensive, and lack interdisciplinary collaboration, user testing, and broad dissemination. AMACA addresses these challenges by creating multi-sensory activities for education and outreach, with a particular focus on accessibility for people with sensory disabilities. A circular approach informs its educational structure: (1) a PhD course on multi-sensory astronomy outreach develops hands-on activities with the support of astronomers, psychologists, and organizations for the visually impaired and the deaf; (2) PhD candidates teach High School (HS) students how to deliver the activities; (3) HS students lead the activities at the Astronomy Festival "The Universe in All Senses"; (4) HS students train teachers to implement the activities in their classrooms. AMACA also develops tools to guide project development and track participants' learning. Key findings show improved communication and accessibility awareness among PhD candidates, increased emotional engagement with astronomy among HS students, enhanced public engagement with research and accessibility awareness, and high teacher satisfaction with the flipped-roles, hands-on approach. Overall, AMACA enhances accessibility and engagement in astronomy education across audiences.

Marco Iori

This paper presents the initial findings of a qualitative study investigating the relationship between ethics and education in Italian preschool settings. The research employs the methodology of Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) to emphasise the indispensable role of promoting ethical awareness in early childhood education. The preliminary results from the interpretation of intensive interviews with preschool teachers indicate that the structuring of ethically significant educational experiences can be a factor in the growth of ethical awareness. From a theoretical and practical perspective, the study posits that stimulating ethical awareness from early childhood can prevent the rise of an increasingly widespread phenomenon: ethical illiteracy.

R. S. Shurguchinov

The study of the nomads of the South of Russia still arouses continued interest among Russian and foreign scholars, who study nomad, local historians, whose works reflect the history of nomads in Central Asia. However, we think that there are not enough works covering this topic and chronological framework, studying the history of the Turkmen nomadic people living within modern borders in the administrative-territorial composition of the Stavropol Territory, is somewhat more modest. Historically, Turkmens roamed the steppes of the Eastern Caspian region. In the middle of the 17th century. Several groups of Turkmen moved to the northwestern Caspian region, where they were included in the uluses of the Kalmyk Khanate. According to archival material, the Turkmens were first mentioned in 1653, when more than 1.5 thousand Turkmen families, under the threat of invasion by the Khiva khans, named the peninsula Mangyshlak and arrived in the Lower Volga region, where they joined the Kalmyks. Also, Turkmens continued to arrive from Mangyshlak throughout the 18th and early 19th centuries.The relevance of the study is explained by modern trends in actively turning to the historical past of both individual and entire nations, returning to the traditions and customs of their ancestors, primarily in the education of the younger generation. Despite all the developments in the historiography of the Turkmen people, economic issues have not been sufficiently studied and require more detailed study. In the framework of this work, the author has attempted to expand the scope of the study of the problem.

Meri Pihanperä, Jaana Lepistö, Jarmo Kinos et al.

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan suomalaiseen varhaiskasvatuksen opettajankoulutukseen sisältyvien opetusharjoitteluiden järjestämisen kehittymistä vuosina 1863–2020 mallikoulujen seimistä ja lastentarhoista yliopistolliseen harjoittelupäiväkoti Rauman pikkunorssiin. Tutkimustehtäviä on kaksi, joista ensimmäisen tavoitteena on selvittää, millaiseen historialliseen taustaan yliopistollinen harjoittelupäiväkotikonsepti rakentuu, ja toisen tavoitteena on tutkia, millaiseksi konseptiksi se kehittyi. Tutkimusaineistoina käytettiin opetusharjoittelujärjestelmän kehittymisen vaiheita ja keskeisiä tapahtumia käsitteleviä historian tutkimuksia, viranomaisten selvityksiä, hallinnollisia ja lainsäädännöllisiä asiakirjoja sekä Rauman pikkunorssin suunnittelusta vastanneiden asiantuntijaryhmien kokousmuistioita (N=21) vuosien 2017–2020 aikana. Aineistot analysoitiin aineistolähtöisellä sisällönanalyysilla. Tutkimuksen tuloksena tarkastellaan varhaiskasvatuksen opettajankoulutuksen ja luokanopettajankoulutuksen eroavuutta niiden opetusharjoitteluiden kehittymisen osalta sekä kuvataan Rauman pikkunorssia yhtenä ratkaisuyrityksenä opettajankoulutuksen opetusharjoittelujärjestelmän yhtenäistämiseksi Turun yliopistossa. Lisäksi esitellään Rauman pikkunorssin kehittymistä tilojen, toimintojen ja toimijoiden kautta määriteltynä. Yhteenvetona tarkastellaan varhaiskasvatuksen opettajankoulutuksen opetusharjoittelujärjestelmän kehittymisen käännekohtia ja yliopistollisen harjoittelupäiväkodin perustamista osana sitä.

Tuleubayeva S.A.

On April 25–26, 2024, in the spiritual capital of the Turkic world, the city of Turkestan, an international conference “Golden Horde and its heritage” was held, dedicated to the 800th anniversary of the formation of the Ulus of Jochi and the chairmanship of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The event was organized by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the SCO Secretariat, the Scientific Institute for the Study of Ulus Jochi, the Akimat of the Turkestan Region and the International Kazakh-Turkish University, H.A.Yasawi. The conference was attended by more than 40 leading scientists, experts and researchers from Kazakhstan, Russia and Tatarstan, Uzbekistan and Karakalpakstan, Egypt, Qatar, Kuwait, and Turkey. The main goal of the conference was to create a platform where representatives of the academic and modern scientific and educational communities could discuss the role and significance of the Golden Horde in world history, exchange views on new conceptual approaches and trends in the study of this very relevant and at the same time controversial and insufficiently studied topics at national and regional levels, and to develop strategies for future collaborative research.

Adrienne L. Traxler, Camila Mani Dias do Amaral, Charles Henderson et al.

Network analysis has become a well-recognized methodology in physics education research (PER), with study topics including student performance and persistence, faculty change, and the structure of conceptual networks. The social network analysis side of this work has focused on quantitative analysis of whole-network cases, such as the structure of networks in single classrooms. Egocentric or personal network approaches are largely unexplored, and qualitative methods are underdeveloped. In this paper, we outline theoretical and practical differences between two major network paradigms--whole-network and egocentric--and introduce theoretical frameworks and methodological considerations for egocentric studies. We also describe qualitative and mixed-methods approaches that are currently missing from the PER literature. We identify areas where these additional network methods may be of particular interest to physics education researchers, and end by discussing example cases and implications for new PER studies.

J Guisasola, J Ametller, D Baccino et al.

In the symposium contributions we discuss research in physics education and the consequences of its results for physics teaching. The symposium presents four different aspects of physics teaching and learning, but all of them have research-based problem analysis in common. The problems analysed cover different aspects of the physics teaching-learning process. Innovative aspects such as the effect on learning of the integration of engineering projects in the science teaching process, the influence on the learning process of conceptions about science and attitudes, and aspects related to teaching contents and students' learning difficulties. Its conclusions are not merely intuitive proposals based on teaching experience, but on a careful planning of data collection, analysis of results and empirical basis

André Augusto Diniz LIRA, Maria da Conceição PASSEGGI, Márcio André de ANDRADE

No contexto da emergência do “paradigma narrativo-autobiográfico em educação” (PASSEGGI, 2020), Paulo Freire é um autor incontornável, ocupando um lugar central na perspectiva epistemopolítica. Neste artigo são revisitadas as leituras do legado freireano e, inspirados nesse paradigma, se analisa a obra Pedagogia da Esperança: um reencontro com a Pedagogia do Oprimido, considerando três exercícios do contar: o exercício do refletir, do argumentar e do reconstruir. Na obra analisada, por meio da mediação biográfica, esses exercícios se encontram entrelaçados na defesa da obra, na transformação de si mesmo e do mundo.

Atakan Coban

During the periods of sudden transition to online education, the opportunity to make applications that might attract students' attention to the course has decreased even more. Although this deficiency was tried to be eliminated with videos and simulations, it was not possible to ensure active participation of students in some cases. In this study, the Algodoo program, which can increase the efficiency of the teaching environment by ensuring active participation of students in online lessons and the applications that can be done about Impulse and momentum are explained in detail. A total of 6 different applications were carried out, 1 related to the subject of impulse, 1 related to the momentum, 2 related to the relationship between impulse and momentum change, and 2 related to momentum conservation. At the same time, while developing these applications, the adjustments made on the simulation and the reasons are explained in detail. In this way, both the introduction of the program and the sample application suggestion were presented. The values obtained as a result of the applications were calculated and compared both theoretically and on simulation in different ways. As a result, it has been observed that the values have internal consistency with each other and are also compatible with theoretical calculations. Algodoo program, which allows many interactive applications and can be downloaded for free, is a program that can be used both in lecturing and evaluation processes in physics lessons while online education process.

Filippo Lanubile, Silverio Martínez-Fernández, Luigi Quaranta

Building and maintaining production-grade ML-enabled components is a complex endeavor that goes beyond the current approach of academic education, focused on the optimization of ML model performance in the lab. In this paper, we present a project-based learning approach to teaching MLOps, focused on the demonstration and experience with emerging practices and tools to automatize the construction of ML-enabled components. We examine the design of a course based on this approach, including laboratory sessions that cover the end-to-end ML component life cycle, from model building to production deployment. Moreover, we report on preliminary results from the first edition of the course. During the present year, an updated version of the same course is being delivered in two independent universities; the related learning outcomes will be evaluated to analyze the effectiveness of project-based learning for this specific subject.

Delia Barrios Barrios, Irma Escudero Vaca

En el contexto mundial de la pandemia del COVID-19, las enfermeras/os han estado presente en el cuidado de enfermería, por tanto, se ha hecho imprescindible las estrategias de afrontamiento para lidiar con la situación. Esta investigación, identifica las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las enfermeras y los beneficios de dichas estrategias, durante la pandemia COVID-19. Se trata de una revisión integrativa de estudios originales publicados de marzo 2020 a junio de 2022 en idioma español e inglés. Partimos de la pregunta estructurada ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las enfermeras durante la pandemia del COVID-19 y qué beneficios aportaron? La línea de investigación: Práctica en Enfermería. Bases de datos utilizadas, PUBMED, EBSCO Host, LILACS, SCIENCE DIRECT, BVS, SCIELO, MENDELEY y REDALYC. La estrategia que más beneficios aportó a las enfermeras fue la autoeficacia, ya que les permitía evaluar la capacidad con la que contaban para enfrentar los altos niveles de estrés, luego, las centradas en el problema (PFC), centradas en la emoción (EFC) y el desarrollo de la resiliencia.

Josephine Meyer, Noah Finkelstein, Bethany Wilcox

Quantum information science (QIS) is an emerging interdisciplinary field at the intersection of physics, computer science, electrical engineering, and mathematics leveraging the laws of quantum mechanics to circumvent classical limitations on information processing. With QIS coursework proliferating across US institutions, including at the undergraduate level, we argue that it is imperative that ethics and social responsibility be incorporated into QIS education from the beginning. We discuss ethical issues of particular relevance to QIS education that educators may wish to incorporate into their curricula. We then report on findings from focus interviews with six faculty who have taught introductory QIS courses, focusing on barriers to and opportunities for incorporation of ethics and social responsibility (ESR) into the QIS classroom. Few faculty had explicitly considered discussion of ethical issues in the classroom prior to the interview, yet instructor attitudes shifted markedly in support of incorporating ESR in the classroom as a result of the interview process itself. Taking into account faculty's perception of obstacles to discussing issues of ESR in coursework, we propose next steps toward making ESR education in the QIS classroom a reality.

Albertus Hariwangsa Panuluh

This research investigate that science process skills significantly improve after doing some practicum activities. The research population are fifth semester physics education students and the research sample are fifth semester physics education students who was doing electricity and magnetism experiment C class course. We used two questionnaires, the first one is given to the students after doing three experiment activities and the second one is given after doing six experiment activities. This research is quantitative research using paired sample t test analysis that compared the first questionnaires score and the second questionnaires by using SPSS software. The result indicates that the number of practicum activities is able to improve the science process skills significantly.

Jo Blanden, Matthias Doepke, Jan Stuhler

This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how patterns of educational inequality vary across countries, time, and generations, and establish a link between educational inequality and social mobility. We interpret this evidence from the perspective of economic models of skill acquisition and investment in human capital. The models account for different channels underlying unequal education and highlight how endogenous responses in parents' and children's educational investments generate a close link between economic inequality and educational inequality. Given concerns over the extended school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic, we also summarize early evidence on the impact of the pandemic on children's education and on possible long-run repercussions for educational inequality.

Naresh Pal Singh

Background Academically good students become good citizens and good citizens make a better society. They are the prospective heirs of a nation, so those factors that influence their academic performance should be taken into consideration to build up an integrated and developed nation. Objective – To find out the factors that potentially influence academic excellence of medical students. Material and Methods- A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students of final year. A predesigned, pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information. To identify significant predictors of students’ academic performance, Uni-variate and multivariate binary logistics analysis were done. Results- A total of 149 students were interviewed. Analysis of average marks in all three professionals revealed that only 59 students (39.60 %) scored equal to or more than 60 %, whereas 90 students (60.40%) had marks below 60 %. In univariate binary logistic regression analysis factors such as gender, area of schooling up to class 12th, education and occupation of parents, history of alcohol consumption and adequate sleep were found to be significant predictors for students’ academic performance. In multivariate binary logistics regression analysis, only gender was the significant predictor. Conclusion- After completing their basic school education, when students enter the professional medical colleges, there are some modifiable and some non-modifiable factors which have great impact on their academic performance. These can be dealt accordingly by the institutional authorities to have better academic performance of the students

Conceição Solange Bution PERIN, Terezinha OLIVEIRA

Entender a simbologia usada no século XIII, por Ramon LLull (1232-1316), é compreender um pouco sobre as necessidades que os homens viviam e que os levavam a explorar a racionalidade. Logo, a nossa questão é a de analisar a prioridade do conhecimento como questão central da formação humana. Pretendemos fazer uma reflexão sobre a obra de Llull para compreender sobre o papel de quem ensina e a importância da transformação do discurso na ação/prática.

Pedro Hernandez, Edinson Espitia

This systematic mapping study consisted of tracking the scientific literature that addresses the issue of analogies as a didactic strategy in science teaching. An analogy can be understood as comparing an existing knowledge with a new knowledge to achieve a better understanding of the new knowledge as a result of the comparison of similarities; or in other words, use students' own concepts to introduce new concepts using comparisons between the two. The purpose of this study was to identify, analyze, synthesize and evaluate research works that touched on this topic, with this, to have knowledge about the models of uses of analogies, most used didactic strategies, research methodologies in this field and how to evaluate the learning effectiveness of working with analogies. The methodology that was used is the systematic mapping study; Five questions were posed that guided the information tracking process. Later, the electronic documents in English for the last twenty years were traced in five databases related to the educational field. Finally, it is concluded by responding to the purpose of the study where it is evident that, broadly speaking, the research methodologies in this field are quantitative as well as qualitative, to implement analogies, resources such as images, illustrations, textual indications and audiovisual aids are used, it is usually evaluated the effectiveness of using analogies with multiple choice tests, oral tests of creating analogies by students.

Jayson Nissen, Ian Her Many Horses, Ben Van Dusen

The American Physical Society calls on its members to improve the diversity of physics by supporting an inclusive culture that encourages women and Black, Indigenous, and people of color to become physicists. In the current educational system, it is unlikely for a student to become a physicist if they do not share the same attitudes about what it means to learn and do physics as those held by most professional physicists. Evidence shows college physics courses and degree programs do not support students in developing these attitudes. Rather physics education filters out students who do not enter college physics courses with these attitudes. To better understand the role of attitudes in the lack of diversity in physics, we investigated the intersecting relationships between racism and sexism in inequities in student attitudes about learning and doing physics using a critical quantitative framework. The analyses used hierarchical linear models to examine students attitudes as measured by the Colorado learning attitudes about science survey. The data came from the LASSO database and included 2170 students in 46 calculus-based mechanics courses and 2503 students in 49 algebra-based mechanics courses taught at 18 institutions. Like prior studies, we found that attitudes either did not change or slightly decreased for most groups. Results identified large differences across intersecting race and gender groups representing educational debts society owes these students. White students, particularly White men in calculus-based courses, tended to have more expert-like attitudes than any other group of students. Instruction that addresses society's educational debts can help move physics toward an inclusive culture supportive of diverse students and professionals.

Jin Zhang, Hui Sang, Xin Zhang et al.

Objective: To study the characteristics and risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in populations at high risk of stroke in urban and rural areas of North China.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate high stroke risk populations in representative urban and rural areas sampled from 12 regions of China. A pre-designed questionnaire, ultrasound, and laboratory examinations were performed to evaluate risk factors.Results: A total of 30,175 patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was 54.53%, among which intimal thickening and plaque were 39.22 and 41.25%, respectively. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in the urban group was higher than in the rural group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, age, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, atrial fibrillation, systolic blood pressure, and levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were the common independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in both groups. Higher education, high salt consumption, passive smoking, family history of stroke, and transient ischemic attack were unique independent risk factors, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was a protective factor for carotid atherosclerosis in the urban population.Conclusion: This study suggests that risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis differ between urban and rural populations in North China.

Eros Grossi

This paper describes how the curriculum Reading like a historian, endorsed by the Stanford History Education Group, was used in the first two years of an Italian high school. It is an innovative study program, as it is based on an active approach to learning and aimed at developing some important skills that are typical of the work of the professional historian: in particular, the program focuses on the construction of answers to questions of investigation based on a critical analysis of the sources and their corroboration. Adopting this curriculum of studies in the Italian context necessarily stimulates the teacher to critically rethink the use of the history manual and the organization itself of its teaching.