Hasil untuk "Religion (General)"

Fitriani Fitriani, Hasan Basri, Andewi Suhartini et al.

This research aims to discuss the evaluation of the religious development of students at SMP Hikmah Teladan based on religious dimensions in fostering independence in worship. This study uses a qualitative approach, a field research type, and employs a descriptive method, using the descriptive analysis model by Miles and Huberman (Qualitative Data Analysis), which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the religious development of students at SMP Hikmah Teladan in fostering independence in worship must continue to be pursued by referring to religious dimensions. The novelties in this research include: 1) categorizing religious programs based on religious dimensions; 2) conducting evaluations systematically; 3) measuring target achievement using independence indicators, so that progress can be more measurable. Therefore, the religious development program for students at SMP Hikmah Teladan supports the formation of independence in worship.

Lily Hamourtziadou

Koch, Anne, Schambeck, Mirjam

Wie können religionspädagogische Konzepte des interreligiösen Lernens diepost- und dekolonialen Problemstellungen ausreichend berücksichtigen? Im Artikelwerden dazu religionswissenschaftliche und religionspädagogische Perspektivenineinander gelesen, um Wegmarken der im religionswissenschaftlichenDiskurs differenziert ausgearbeiteten Debatten für interreligiöses Lernen auszuloten.Es steht an, Sprecher*innenpositionen, die Einbettung von Religion/en undeingetragene Machtkonstellationen stärker einzubringen. Schließlich sind mehrAkteur*innen mit ihren Stimmen einzubeziehen und die Transformation von patriarchalenund ganze Personengruppen ausschließenden Strukturen steht an.

Kandiri Kandiri, Arfandi Arfandi, Moh. Zamili et al.

School or madrasah needs to instill good attitudes in the form of speech and behavior in daily activities. The prophet taught Muslims a good example (uswatun hasanah) for students when they gathered and interacted with different communities. Uswatun hasanah, or excellent conduct, is an Islamic religious value born from training and habitual action by providing a good example. Religious and moral education is essential as the root of forming a believer-pious person. This study seeks to understand uswatun hasanah through systematic literature by exploring knowledge patterns in the national database. The results indicate that good moral guidance (uswah) is not based on theoretical teaching but necessitates concrete examples through the role and responsibility of educators in the context of learning and learning processes. As such, educators should be an example (uswatun hasanah) (a good example) for students through excellent conduct in day-to-day activities.

V. I. Ignatyev

Introduction. The purpose of the paper is to test the hypothesis about the entry into the social interactions of actors of a special kind - devices with artificial intelligence. The author proposes to discuss a hypothesis about the emergence of a new species of a subject of artificial nature. The concept is based on the concepts developed by the author of a technosubject and a new kind of subjectivity. The character of a new type of interaction agent is analyzed, its varieties are revealed.Methodology and sources. When identifying signs of similarity between human and machine subjectivity, the author proceeds from interpretations of the subject and subjectivity in the works of G. Tononi, M. DeLanda, G. Deleuze, F. Guattari, S. Beskaravayny. The sources are the studies of T. Walsh, R. Brooks, D. Jordan, D. Markoff, R. Jonck, R. Kurzweil, A. Greenfield, K. Kelly, Sh. Turkle. The results of experiments on the construction of the social community of robots at the Kurchatov Institute and the Institute of Robotics at Carnegie Mellon University, the results of sociological studies of the nature of human relationships with robots carried out by Sherry Turkle from Massachusetts Institute of Technology are taken into account.Results and discussion. It is proved that human interaction with a techno-subject forms a special type of sociality - a hybrid society. The mechanism and features of social interactions in a hybrid type of society are revealed. The specificity of inter-actions arising between a person and various types of techno-subject is revealed. The process of the occurrence and occurrence of human anthropomorphic reactions to the activity of robots is analyzed. There is a transition from copying anthropomorphic features to devices with artificial intelligence to the formation of their subjectivity. The options for constructing human relationships with robots are considered.Conclusion. The conclusion is drawn that there is a high degree of likelihood of an increase in the future conflict between the two lines of improvement of androids based on the creation of a universal humanoid intelligence: strengthening or replacing a person. An alternative possibility of the third direction is considered: harmonization of relations between participants in a hybrid society.

Dr.Sanaullah, Dr. Saleem-ur-Rahman

"The Prophet of Islam (SAW) had been the most effective personality in history who left deep and ever lasting impact on the world history. That is why since the emergence of Islam till date, people have been writing on Seerat and this process has never been discontinued. Lovers, enemies, partial and impartial writers wrote on the Seerat of prophet Muhammad (SAW). Muslims and non-Muslims selected this topic for discussion. Besides orientalists, Hindus and Sikhs of sub-continent also raised their pen and composed books, essays and articles on this topic. In this regard the contribution of Muslims is research based because Seerat remains the topic of discussion among research scholars while the work of non-Muslims is not that much research oriented. The work of orientalists regarding Seerat has been critically analyzed from time to time while that of Hindus and Sikh writers of sub-continent still needs to be critically examined. An effort has been made in the given article to minimize this deficiency."

Halilović Muamer

The well-known Muslim thinker Fayz Kashani (17th century) considers the active participation of every individual in some form of social life to be indispensable, and claims that this necessity derives from religious literature, that is, from the Islamic philosophical and juridical thought. Fayz employs philosophy in order to shape the structure of his social idea, while he uses jurisprudence whenever he wants to talk about the practical solution of certain social problems. In this context, he believes that social life guarantees 'an organization of material life' as well as 'spiritual and mental education', in which he, as a representative of the traditional Islamic thought, also included upbringing. However, these two aspects will be enabled only if a religious authority, harmonized with the divine law or with religion, is established. It is because every being can progress in a versatile way if there is a clear plan ahead based on all its capacities and abilities. And its capacities and abilities are fully known only by the being who created it. However, one should not forget that a divine authority is represented in human society at various stages. In this paper, we will explain Fayz's opinion on all these stages, as well as on the social results of each of them. Fayz lived in the central cities of Iran during the rule of the Safavid dynasty, and since he was in direct or indirect contact with the supreme structures of authority and social life for most of his life, his social thought will not only reveal the universal aspects of the Islamic view of society, but will also provide us with a lasting approach to general social turmoil in the period of the political domination of the Safavids, but also in the period when this domination began to wane.

Shaveko, N. A.

This interview explores the extent to which Kant’s philosophy, which postulates certain moral principles categorically, has influenced the contemporary theory of justice. Many academics believe such principles to be relative and emphasise that justice lies beyond the remit of science. Otfried Höffe is convinced that categorical legal principles remain a valid subject for an academic discussion. In his works, he often appeals to Kantian philosophy. In the interview, Prof. Dr. О. Höffe refers to such famous German Neo-Kantian philosophers of law as R. Stammler and G. Radbruch. He also mentions J. Rawls and J. Habermas — self-confessed adherents of the Kantian tradition in moral philosophy. Prof. Dr. Höffe expounds his views on the problems discussed by these authors. He dismisses G. W. F. Hegel’s criticism of Kant and denies the dependence of the fundamental principles of justice on the Zeitgeist and the opinions of the masses. The interviewee calls freedom the supreme human value, advocates the idea of a democratic constitutional state (he considers the principles of a social state as a mission of the state rather than a subjective right of citizens), and argues that dictatorship and tyranny deserve resistance. Prof. Dr. Höffe gives detailed definitions of the notions of transcendental exchange, categorical legal principles, enlightened liberal democracy, and a world republic. This interview will supplement the body of Prof. Dr. Höffe’s works that have already been translated into Russian.

María Mercedes Herrera Buitrago

In Bogotá, after the assault suffered by the political leader Jorge Eliécer Gaitán on April 9, 1948, his body was taken to the Clinica Central where his death was officially declared. to a crowd that expected political orientation. To an indeterminate amount of people who required immediate attention, in very poor conditions and low risk of death, the Clinic, which was characterized by the implementation of technological innovations in its time, it served as a refuge in the midst of the generalized violence known as El Bogotazo, and was the scene of political discussion, playing a key role in the transformation of the multitude. In function of restoring its heritage value, a system of social representations explores a transformation in the Colombian visual and literary arts.

Richard Obinna Iroanya

This paper reviews Sanya Osha’s latest book on Africa’s postcolonial conditions, especially as it concerns democratic governance. The review considers the book as trans-disciplinary and focuses on its three sub-themes, namely, postmodernity, decolonization and globalization. The main arguments of the author on these sub-themes are highlighted and briefly discussed. While the review finds the author’s overall discourse interesting and insightful to the understanding of African postcolonial conditions, it nevertheless raises concerns on some of the issues the author discussed such as criticisms of Achille Mbembe and others.

Omar Vásquez Dávila

Según el pluralismo lógico no hay una lógica verdadera, sino varias. El pluralismo más conocido es el defendido por J.C. Beall y Greg Restall. Ellos son pluralistas respecto de la noción de consecuencia lógica. En este artículo, me adhiero al pluralismo lógico, pero sostengo que el pluralismo de Beall y Restall tiene problemas sin solución. Mostraré que hay importantes razones para buscar otro tipo de pluralismo.

Laura MITAROTONDO

It is not simple to place John Milton in a specific political current of the English historical context of 17th century. In detail, we want to study Milton’s prose works to extract the topics of the English civic and political tradition in the First Revolution age. In these terms, we’ll analyze the Commonplace Book, a collection of commentaries about texts and authors, and about various subjects: the interpretations of Machiavelli in the Old English tradition of the Modern age, the idea of man’s freedom and his relationship with natural law and political authority, according to the general perspective of the Puritan religion, which characterizes Milton’s political language.

Luca Diotallevi

Radim Hladík

zpráva z konference / conference report The Politics of Austerity and the Reshaping of Europe. Warwick University, Coventry (Velká Británie), 3. července 2013.

Vladimirs Kuzņecovs

Adriana Claudia Poquet

En diálogo con las fuentes griegas de la Antología Palatina de la colección de Cambridge se analiza el tema cultural de mesura-desmesura en el género epi- gramático cuyo valor testimonial de quince o dieciséis siglos de literatura griega sorprende. Se trata de un cuerpo de poesías de variada inspiración y de autores datados entre el VII a.C. y el VII d. C., conocidos y anónimos y en mayoría pagana. Llama la atención el campo casi inexplorado de un género que refleja el modo de pensar y sentir griego así como la falta de una traducción castellana que acerque la lectura de estas pequeñas obras de arte, más o menos ignotas, a un público lector más amplio. Entre la variedad de epigramas, se pretende seleccionar y analizar un corpus de poemas protrépticos que en tono dialógico aconsejaban, amonestaban a conquistar la excelencia, el orden y la reflexión en el comportamiento y costumbres humanas, válidas para el hombre de todas las épocas.

Harry P Reeder

Resumen: La Introducción explica algunos de los problemas de la comunicación y de la comprensiónmutua entre los seres humanos de distintas culturas en este mundo globalizando. El §1 esboza losproblemas filosóficos del lenguaje y la comprensión mutua que están en el centro de estos problemastransculturales. Los §§2-3 presentan la contribución que la fenomenología del lenguaje puede contribuirpara la resolución de estos problemas en las relaciones comunicativas entre hombres, sentidos, conceptos,culturas y lenguas distintas. El §4, finalmente, se describe el rol del filósofo en el mundo globalizado. Palabras clave: fenomenología, lenguaje, cultura, sentido, conceptos, comunicación transcultural,globalización, yo/ego, Husserl, Habermas.

Marek Chmielewski

Pope John Paul II devotes such a lot of attention to matter of prayer that is why this article is an outline of this problem. To understanding of prayer the Pope puts the accent on her personal-Christological dimension. It’s indispensable element of sanctification’s process and fundamental symptom of “general spirituality needs” (NMI 33). Christian prayer should draw from wealth of God’s Word. Although it is duty every Christian especially priests and persons of particularly consecration are obligated to pray. They should also be the teachers of prayer. Each one of the states of life in Church has his own specificity of prayer and the last part of article has talked it through. The Pope’s preferred and commended prayers are: the rosary, the Angel of the Lord and the Liturgy of the Hours.

Jürgen Miethke

El señorío y la libertad –tanto como nociones separadas así como en relación una con otra– no fueron en el siglo XIV objeto de consideración per se. Esto no es sorprendente si consideramos que los pensadores políticos tenían únicamente como foco de interés inmediato los tópicos propios de la tradición. La interrelación entre el señorío y la libertad no fue objeto de reflexión en la Antigüedad y, así, solo de manera indirecta este tópico llegó a la vista de los defensores de la plenitudo potestatis del Papa o de los defensores de la indepencia real. Este trabajo muestra esto antes dicho en ciertos autores: Bonifacio VIII, Egidio Romano, Juan de Quidort y Marsilio de Padua. Es en la teoría política de Guillermo de Ockham donde encontramos por primera vez una concepción de la libertad individual.

Eduardo Nasser

Durante praticamente todo o seu itinerário filosófico, Nietzsche se preocupou com a recepção de seu pensamento, desenvolvendo coordenadas de como gostaria que os seus escritos fossem lidos. Essas coordenadas passam a cumprir uma função particularmente significativa e estratégica no período em que o filósofo concebe o projeto de um ocultamento resoluto de suas posições mais essenciais - um projeto que vai de par com a adesão ao estilo aforismático-, podendo ser dividas em duas classes: aquelas que solicitam o leitor que preserva a literalidade do texto e aquelas que estimulam o leitor a empreender uma arte de interpretação. A reunião desses dois direcionamentos fecunda a figura do leitor ideal de Nietzsche, o leitor que adentra de forma ativa na corrente de pensamentos que precede os aforismos, sem, contudo, perder de vista a letra do filósofo.