Three-dimensional (3D) printed preoperative planning models serve a critical role in the success of many medical procedures. However, many of these models do not portray the patient's complete anatomy due to their monolithic and static nature. The use of dynamic 3D-printed models can better equip physicians by providing a more anatomically accurate model due to its movement capabilities and the ability to remove and replace printed anatomies based on planning stages. A dynamic 3D-printed preoperative planning model has the capability to move in similar ways to the anatomy that is being represented by the model, or reveal additional issues that may arise during the use of a movement mechanism. The 3D-printed models are constructed in a similar manner to their static counterparts; however, in the digital post-processing phase, additional care is needed to ensure the dynamic functionality of the model. Here, we discuss the process of creating a dynamic 3D-printed model and its benefits and uses in modern medicine.
This research investigates the feasibility of producing affordable, functional acoustic guitars using 3D printing, with a focus on producing structural designs with proper tonal performance. Conducted in collaboration with William Schiesser, the study uses a classical guitar model, chosen for its lower string tension, to evaluate the tonal characteristics of a 3D-printed prototype made from polylactic acid (PLA). Due to the build plate size constraints of the Prusa Mark 4 printer, the guitar body was divided into multiple sections joined with press-fit tolerances and minimal cyanoacrylate adhesive. CAD modeling in Fusion 360 ensured dimensional accuracy in press-fit connections and the overall assembly. Following assembly, the guitar was strung with nylon strings and tested using Audacity software to compare recorded frequencies and notes with standard reference values. Results showed large deviations in lower string frequencies, likely caused by the material choice utilized in printing. Accurate pitches were reached with all strings despite frequency differences through tuning, demonstrating that PLA and modern manufacturing methods can produce affordable, playable acoustic guitars despite inevitable challenges. Further research may investigate alternative plastics for superior frequency matching. This approach holds significant potential for expanding access to quality instruments while reducing reliance on endangered tonewoods, thereby encouraging both sustainable instrument production and increased musical participation. This also creates opportunities for disadvantaged communities where access to musical instruments remains a challenge. Keywords: Luthiery, Stereolithography, 3D-Print, Guitar Making
Berger, Peter & Luckmann, Thomas. (2008) Gerçekliğin Sosyal İnşası Bir Bilgi Sosyolojisi İncelemesi (The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge). (Çev. Vefa Saygın Öğütle). İstanbul: Paradigma Yayıncılık, 1. Baskı, 290 ss, ISBN 9789757819448
Print media, Organizational behaviour, change and effectiveness. Corporate culture
Blockchain technology has revolutionized media consumption and distribution in the digital age, allowing creators, consumers, and regulators to participate in a decentralized, fair, and engaging media environment. Epistral, an innovative media network that leverages blockchain technology, aims to be the world's first anti-mimetic media curation and consumption network, addressing the core challenges facing today's digital media landscape: unfair treatment of creators and manipulative consumer algorithms, and the complex task of effective regulation. This paper delves into the conceptualization, design, and potential impact of epistral and explores how it embodies McLuhan's and Girard's theories within the realm of blockchain technology and draws from Hayden's critique of democratic representation. The paper analyzes the challenges and opportunities presented by this new network, providing a broader discourse on the future of media consumption, distribution, and regulation.
The advent of social media platforms has revolutionized information consumption patterns, with individuals frequently engaging in these platforms for social interactions. This trend has fostered an environment where people gravitate towards information that aligns with their preconceived notions, leading to the formation of echo chambers and polarization within the society. Recently introduced activity-driven models have been successful in capturing the dynamics of information propagation and polarization. The present study uses this model to explore the impact of social media on a polarized society. By considering the varying influence of media, ranging from exposing individuals to contradictory views to reinforcing existing opinions, a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation is observed, triggering a transition from consensus to polarization. The transition points from polarization to consensus are derived analytically and is validated through numerical simulations. This research sheds light on the complex interplay between social media dynamics and societal polarization.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although 3-dimensional (3D)-printed resin prostheses are widely used, studies on the effects of the manufacturing parameters of 3D printing on the color stability and stainability of these prostheses are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of layer thickness and printing orientation on the color stability and stainability of a 3D-printed resin. In addition, the influence of roughness and water contact angle was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Color changes (ΔE00) in tooth-colored resin specimens produced by 3D printing with 2 different layer thicknesses and 3 different printing orientations and immersed in 3 types of aging media (distilled water, coffee solution, and wine) were evaluated (n=10). The CIELab color values were measured with a spectrophotometer at baseline and different time points (1, 3, 7, 15, and 30 days). The surface roughness (Ra) of resin specimens was measured at various time points (baseline, 7, 15, and 30 days) by confocal laser scanning microscopy after immersion in coffee solution (n=15). The water contact angle was determined by using the sessile drop method (n=10). The ΔE00 values were analyzed by using the 3-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test and Dunnett T3 test (α=.05). Ra values were analyzed by 3-way repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05). The water contact angle data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS The 3-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that layer thickness, printing orientation, and storage time significantly influenced the ΔE00 values of the 3D-printed resin specimens in each aging medium (P<.001). The ΔE00 values in the 0-degree subgroups were significantly lower than those in the 45- and 90-degree subgroups (P<.05). The ΔE00 values in the 25-μm thick groups were significantly higher than those in the 100-μm thick groups (P<.05). The ΔE00 values demonstrated an increase up to 15 days in all aging media. In distilled water, the ΔE00 values of the specimens increased or decreased depending on the groups, whereas in the coffee solution, the values decreased after 15 days (P<.001); in red wine, the values demonstrated a continuous increase up to 30 days in all groups (P<.001). The 3-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that the Ra values did not change significantly with immersion time (P=.444). The 2-way ANOVA showed that the water contact angle was not significantly affected by layer thickness (P=.921) or printing orientation (P=.062). CONCLUSIONS Layer thickness and printing orientation affected the color stability and stainability of the 3D-printed resin. The discoloration of the 3D-printed resin differed with time, depending on the type of aging media used.
”THE YOUTUBE SUCCESS NOW IN BOOK FORM!” IJustWantToBeCool, Yumi, Tomu and the Convergence Machine
In 2022, the two most sold books for children and young adults in Sweden were written by popular content creators on Youtube and other digital platforms. Skurkarnas skurk: Skurkskolan, written by the comedy group IJustWantToBeCool (Joel Adolphson, Emil Beer and Victor Beer) topped the list. In second place came Yumi & Tomu: I Spelmästarens händer, written by the titular Yumi and Tomu (Jenny Laev Alfvén and Tom Karlsson) in collaboration with the author Maria Frensborg. This article examines how these literary works blur the line between children’s literature and internet culture and, therefore, can be understood as examples of contemporary media convergence. Using an intermedial perspective – which focuses on similarities, differences and interactions between media – it is shown how the texts partake in the transmediation of both the identities and storyworlds that the authors have constructed on Youtube. Further, it is shown how they emulate ways in which creators, content and audiences interact on the platform and do so in different ways in the print and audio versions of the books. But other than convergence, Skurkskolan and I Spelmästarens händer also express an interest in the particularities of the printed book. The article ends with a discussion that relates this to today’s discourse surrounding the reading habits of young people. Young people are reading less, and digital technologies and platforms such as Youtube are often seen as parts of the problem. At the same time, the converging of literature and the digital can provide a solution when, for example, popular content creators on Youtube write books that can attract young audiences. Of course, there are economic aspects to this as well as both Youtube creators and book publishers can expand their brands and reach more people by collaborating.
Children encounter misinformation on social media in a similar capacity as their parents. Unlike their parents, children are an exceptionally vulnerable population because their cognitive abilities and emotional regulation are still maturing, rendering them more susceptible to misinformation and falsehoods online. Yet, little is known about children's experience with misinformation as well as what their parents think of the misinformation's effect on child development. To answer these questions, we combined a qualitative survey of parents (n=87) with semi-structured interviews of both parents and children (n=12). We found that children usually encounter deep fakes, memes with political context, or celebrity/influencer rumors on social media. Children revealed they "ask Siri" whether a social media video or post is true or not before they search on Google or ask their parents about it. Parents expressed discontent that their children are impressionable to misinformation, stating that the burden falls on them to help their children develop critical thinking skills for navigating falsehoods on social media. Here, the majority of parents felt that schools should also teach these skills as well as media literacy to their children. Misinformation, according to both parents and children affects the family relationships especially with grandparents with different political views than theirs.
Extrusion-based 3D printing has become one of the most common additive manufacturing methods and is widely used in engineering. This contribution presents the results of flexural creep experiments on 3D printed PLA specimens, focusing on changes in creep behavior due to physical aging. It is shown experimentally that the creep curves obtained on aged specimens are shifted to each other on the logarithmic time scale in a way that the theory of physical aging can explain. The reason for the physical aging of 3D printed thermoplastics is assumed to be the special heat treatment that the polymer undergoes during extrusion. Additionally, results of a long-term flexural creep experiment are shown, demonstrating that non-negligible creep over long periods can be observed even at temperatures well below the glass transition temperature. Such creep effects should be considered for designing components made of 3D printed thermoplastics.
Aim. Foreign language education widely utilizes various forms of eLearning or blended learning techniques and tools, and this trend has recently been supported and speeded up by the global pandemics of COVID-19. The study attempts to analyse the students’ experience with the use of digital media used for foreign language education with the aim of providing clear implications needed for future digital (online) language higher education.
Methodology. The methodology used to collect data was a questionnaire distributed online to the students of the University of Diyala in Iraq in July 2021 with n=394 making it a very representative and statistically relevant sample. Five hypotheses (H) were created and tested with these results. (H1) there is no correlation between a well-prepared teacher and subjective satisfaction of the students with online classes. (H2) the students will significantly prefer traditional teaching to online L2 acquisition. (H3) there will be a correlation between increased screen time and students´ dissatisfaction with online learning. (H4) the more they have to use digital media, the more they will prefer print text for their L2 acquisition. (H5) the most important subjectively perceived negative aspect of online learning will be reduced communication possibilities both with the tutor and with their peers.
Results. The students significantly supported traditional foreign language techniques over digital ones despite the fact that the tutors were evaluated with very high grades by the students. Thus, the fact that the tutors are well prepared, they use modern technology and attempt to motivate the students very successfully, the final result of the online foreign language class did not prove to be parallel to the traditional class regarding students´ satisfaction.
Conclusions. The results could be important for applied linguistics and psycholinguistics as they provide a clear overview of the current state of affairs in L2 acquisition with the use of digital technologies, which is a crucial topic that is more and more important for the development of both psycholinguistics and applied linguistics. Despite the fact that this study deals only with the subjective satisfaction of the participants, it can be generalized and can be transferrable on a large geographical scale. This geographical limitation can be rectified by larger-scale research that can be initiated by this early study. There are many implications connected to these findings, such as moving towards non-digital learning tools, such as print textbooks, focusing on more personal discussions rather than just various online assignments. Moreover, the results of the study should be a contribution to the current scientific discussion about the development of psycholinguodidactics and its role in solving the problem of mastering foreign languages.
Daniel M. Anderson, Brandon G. Barreto-Rosa, Joshua D. Calvano
et al.
We explore the stability of floating objects through mathematical modeling and experimentation. Our models are based on standard ideas of center of gravity, center of buoyancy, and Archimedes' Principle. We investigate a variety of floating shapes with two-dimensional cross sections and identify analytically and/or computationally a potential energy landscape that helps identify stable and unstable floating orientations. We compare our analyses and computations to experiments on floating objects designed and created through 3D printing. In addition to our results, we provide code for testing the floating configurations for new shapes, as well as giving details of the methods for 3D printing the objects. The paper includes conjectures and open problems for further study.
Multiplexed planar printings, made of single or few layer micro and nano optical platforms, are essential for high capacity display, information storage and encryption. Although having been developed rapidly, the demonstrated channels are still limited and also lack instantaneity. Here, holograms and printings, always regarded as two independent information coding domains with totally different principles, are combined together through our proposed angle multiplexing framework, leading to multiplexed printings with hundreds of channels. Based on such approach, we experimentally encode respectively 25 gray scale printings into 25 angles and even 8 gray scale videos into 8 angles with a phase-only spatial light modulator. As a bridge between printings and holograms, our method allows to generate printings combining various holographic methods. Beneficial from this, we demonstrate a gradient metasurface based 324 channel printing which multiplexes angles, polarizations and wavelengths simultaneously. Our work paves the way to flexibly angle-dependent printing display and massively multiplexed encryption systems.
Research assesses the issue of Pulwama attack the comparative analysis of Pakistani and Indian print media. Study was aimed to explore the nature of issue portrayed by the print media of both countries i.e., Pakistan and India. To conduct this research, researchers collected the data using content analysis technique and news stories of both newspapers i.e., “The Nation” from Pakistan and “The Hindu” from India selected for the period of three months from February 15, 2019 to May 15, 2019. The researchers designed codding sheet to categories the data. The researchers made three categories including Neutral, War and Peace frames. The results showed that Indian newspaper “The Hindu” focused more 57.7% on war frame for the same conflict between India and Pakistan. The content proved that Pakistan print media mostly focused on peace frame while Indian print media focus on war frame.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi informasi memberikan kontribusi nyata terhadap perkembangan media dalam bentuk maupun sajian informasinya yang sekaligus juga memberikan dampak pada khalayak dalam mengaksesnya. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara penulis dengan beberapa konsumen berita tersebut didapatkan dari 20 orang yang diwawancarai ternyata hanya 5 diantaranya yang mengonsumsi berita melalui media cetak (koran). Dimana ini membuktikan bahwa media cetak mengalami penurunan ketertarikan pembaca. Namun pada akhir-akhir ini banyak media koran yang menggunakan infografis sebagai media visual sebagai penampung dari berita-berita, maka dari itu penulis melakukan perbandingan bagaimana pengaruh infografis yang ada pada media cetak dan media online di Batam Pos akan mempengaruhi ketertarikan pembaca. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif komparatif dengan melakukan beberapa analisis pendukung. Hasil dari perhitungan data yang ada menunjukkan bahwa infografis pada media cetak lebih memiliki peran terhadap pengaruh ketertarikan pembaca dibanding media online.
Kata Kunci: Batam Pos, infografis, ketertarikan pembaca, media
Abstract
Technological developments make a real contribution to the development of media in the form of any information presentations that also have an impact on the audience in accessing it. Based on result interviews with several consumers obtained from 20 people interviewed, only five were approved who consumed the news through print media (newspapers). This proves that print media cancel the decline in reader interest. However, in recent years many media newspapers have used graphics as visual media as news collectors. Therefore the writer wants to compare how the influence of installing infographics in printing and online media in Batam Pos will be interested in attracting readers. This study using a comparative quantitative method by conducting several supporting analyzes. The result of the existing data indicates that infographic in printing media has an important role in influencing readers interest compared to online media.
Keywords: Batam Pos, media, infographic, reader's interest
За результатами аналізу встановлено, що міцність незшивного клейового скріплення книжкових блоків залежить від якості обробки корінців та виду клею. Проаналізовано пристрої для зрізування корінцевих фальців книжкових блоків при незшивному клейовому скріпленні. Встановлено, що застосування циклових механізмів у приводі різальних інструментів має ряд недоліків. Це значні інерційні навантаження та складність конструкції. Розглянуті варіанти застосування дискових ножів для зрізування корінцевих фальців мають ряд обмежень.
З урахуванням проведеного аналізу запропоновано удосконалений пристрій для зрізування корінцевих фальців. Він складається із дискових ножів, що приводяться в рух від планетарного механізму. Для якісного функціонування такого пристрою застосовано нерухомий контрніж. Розглянуто будову та принцип роботи такого пристрою. Акцентовано увагу на перевагах пропонованого пристрою порівняно із аналогами. Виходячи із умови застосування пристрою на виробничих машинах незшивного скріплення запропоновано основні геометричні параметри: радіус дискових ножів, габарити планетарної передачі.
Проведено аналітичні розрахунки та побудовано траєкторію руху довільної точки ножа. Встановлено, що траєкторією руху ножа є епіциклоїда. Досліджено вплив геометричних параметрів планетарної передачі на траєкторію руху ножа. Обґрунтовано доцільність застосування для привода ножа планетарного механізму, що забезпечує його рух по вкороченій епіциклоїді. Запропонований пристрій забезпечить «ковзаюче» різання. Це надасть можливість зменшити технологічні зусилля і потужність привода різальної секції.
З урахуванням переміщення книжкового блока та траєкторії руху ножа виведено залежність для математичного опису сліду точки ножа на корінці. Побудовано сліди двох точок послідовно розміщених ножів. Визначено величину припуску, що зрізається одним ножем.
This study presents an open source method for detecting 3D printing anomalies by comparing images of printed layers from a stationary monocular camera with G-code-based reference images of an ideal process generated with Blender, a physics rendering engine. Recognition of visual deviations was accomplished by analyzing the similarity of histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) of local image areas. The developed technique requires preliminary modeling of the working environment to achieve the best match for orientation, color rendering, lighting, and other parameters of the printed part. The output of the algorithm is a level of mismatch between printed and synthetic reference layers. Twelve similarity and distance measures were implemented and compared for their effectiveness at detecting 3D printing errors on six different representative failure types and their control error-free print images. The results show that although Kendall tau, Jaccard, and Sorensen similarities are the most sensitive, Pearson r, Spearman rho, cosine, and Dice similarities produce the more reliable results. This open source method allows the program to notice critical errors in the early stages of their occurrence and either pause manufacturing processes for further investigation by an operator or in the future AI-controlled automatic error correction. The implementation of this novel method does not require preliminary data for training, and the greatest efficiency can be achieved with the mass production of parts by either additive or subtractive manufacturing of the same geometric shape. It can be concluded this open source method is a promising means of enabling smart distributed recycling for additive manufacturing using complex feedstocks as well as other challenging manufacturing environments.
The advancing technology is affecting every aspect of life and journalism is also not untouched by this. Due to digitalization, huge amount of data is being generated and the continuous advancement of computer science has made it possible to extract meaningful information by storing and analysing this huge data. The term “data journalism” has become quite popular over the last decade. Analysing data sets, extracting newsworthy information from it and passing it on to the public is data journalism. Data visualization also has a very important place in this whole process. Data visualization is used to communicate information extracted from the data to the users in a clear, interesting and engaging way. The amount of data-based content has started increasing in the news media as well, so the importance of data visualization has also increased. The use of data visualization improves readers’ reading experience and also helps to better understand the data-based content. This preliminary study focuses on the use of data visualizations by English and Hindi newspapers in India. In this research, a comparative study of various aspects of the use of data visualizations in English and Hindi newspapers has been done. Content analysis with quantitative approach has been employed as the research method. This study reveals that there is a big difference in every aspect of the use of data visualizations in English and Hindi newspapers. English newspaper used data visualizations in a better way than their Hindi counterpart.
A US national probability-based survey during the early days of the SARS-CoV-2 spread in the US showed that, above and beyond respondents’ political party, mainstream broadcast media use (e.g., NBC News) correlated with accurate information about the disease’s lethality, and mainstream print media use (e.g., the New York Times) correlated with accurate beliefs about protection from infection. In addition, conservative media use (e.g., Fox News) correlated with conspiracy theories including believing that some in the CDC were exaggerating the seriousness of the virus to undermine the presidency of Donald Trump. Five recommendations are made to improve public understanding of SARS-CoV-2.