Hasil untuk "Information resources (General)"

Anthony J Levinson, Stephanie Ayers, Sandra Clark et al.

BackgroundResearch has shown that engaging in a range of healthy lifestyles or behavioral factors can help reduce the risk of developing dementia. Improved knowledge of modifiable risk factors for dementia may help engage people to reduce their risk, with beneficial impacts on individual and public health. Moreover, many guidelines emphasize the importance of providing education and web-based resources for dementia prevention. Internet-based interventions may be effective, but few have been studied rigorously or widely disseminated. We created DementiaRisk, an award-winning, web- and email-based education platform for the public focused on modifiable risk factors, featuring multimedia e-learning and email “microlearning” content, to help raise awareness and improve knowledge of actions to reduce dementia risk. ObjectiveThis protocol describes a randomized controlled trial to (1) evaluate whether exposure to DementiaRisk changes knowledge of dementia risk factors, intention to engage in risk reduction activities, and health behaviors related to dementia risk reduction and to (2) explore qualitative aspects including participants’ engagement and satisfaction with the intervention and barriers and facilitators to use. MethodsUsing a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, this study conducts a quantitative analysis followed by a qualitative inquiry to evaluate outcomes and feasibility. In total, 485 participants will be recruited on the web and randomly assigned to 2 groups: one accessing DementiaRisk and the other receiving alternative e-learning on mild cognitive impairment. Assessments will be delivered on the web at baseline (T1), at 4 weeks (T2), and at 2 months after the intervention (T3). Knowledge will be assessed using items from the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, intentions to engage in risk reduction activities will be assessed using items in line with current evidence, and health behaviors related to dementia risk reduction will be assessed using items from the Godin-Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire along with additional questions related to a range of health status domains. Outcomes and feasibility will be assessed using the Information Assessment Method for patients and consumers. A linear mixed effects model will be used to examine the relationship between each outcome score by group and time point. ResultsThis study was approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board on August 24, 2022 (project ID 14886) and received funding in February 2023. Recruitment took place from March 28, 2023, to April 28, 2023, with the final participants completing the intervention by August 18, 2023. Analyses and interpretation of data are ongoing. ConclusionsDementiaRisk is a readily scalable, technology-enhanced solution for dementia prevention education. It has been designed using evidence-based principles of multimedia learning. It has the potential to scale and spread widely using the open internet, so it may be able to reach a wider audience than traditional in-person educational interventions. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05383118; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05383118 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/64718

Yan Wang, Yutian Niu, Rongjing Xu et al.

Abstract BackgroundElectronic resources have become a predominant modality for health information dissemination in recent years. eHealth literacy (eHL) means individuals’ competencies to effectively acquire and use health information from electronic sources. Enhancing eHL is thus essential to facilitate individuals’ effective engagement with electronic resources and promote improved health management. ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to synthesize the characteristics of eHL interventions, thereby providing a reference for future intervention strategies. MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ProQuest, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang Data, and Sino Med limited to Chinese and English-language studies published before August 2024 was conducted. The interventional studies included had the explicit primary objective of enhancing eHL. We also incorporated studies that assessed eHL as a secondary outcome or mediator influencing health behaviors or clinical outcomes. All publications were required to provide publicly accessible complete datasets. We excluded conference abstracts and protocols. Academic theses and dissertations were included if they underwent institutional quality assurance through rigorous academic review processes and met predefined eligibility criteria. ResultsA total of 35 studies were included in this review. The most prevalent eHL interventions (12/35, 34%) were delivered via mobile apps and devices in various settings, including educational institutions, public spaces, health care facilities, and community centers. These interventions predominantly focused on enhancing information literacy, health literacy, and computer literacy across the 6 domains of eHL: traditional, health, information, scientific, media, and computer literacy. A majority of the interventions were conducted on a weekly basis (6/13, 46%) and had a duration of 24 weeks (6/35, 17%). However, 77% (27/35) of interventions did not assess long-term effects. The primary outcomes of eHL interventions encompassed perceived eHL, actual eHealth knowledge and skills, health literacy, health behavior, and clinical outcomes, with 86% (30/35) indicating positive effects. The eHealth Literacy Scale was the most frequently used assessment tool. ConclusionsThis study synthesizes the characteristics of eHL interventions. Current eHL interventions exhibit limitations in theoretical grounding, longitudinal tracking, and traditional or media literacy components. Overreliance on self-reported metrics constrains validity assessment. Future work should strengthen theoretical frameworks, integrate objective metrics, and enhance longitudinal designs.

Sara Mansour, Nathan Holland, Sergio Saucedo et al.

El Paso Health Education and Awareness Team (EP-HEAT®) is a bilingual program focused on increasing health awareness and dispelling health-related misinformation in the U.S.-Mexico border region. EP-HEAT® consists of students, faculty, staff, and Promotoras . The primary objective of EP-HEAT® is to empower the community with healthcare resources in a culturally acceptable way. EP-HEAT® established the bilingual “In the Hot Seat with EP-HEAT®: Dispelling Myths in Healthcare” series commonly referred to as Myth Busters events. Community members were surveyed following the events. Our results showed the majority of EP-HEAT® event attendees identified as Hispanic and were older than 46 years of age. Following EP-HEAT® events, attendees felt comfortable teaching the information they learned to friends and family. Dispelling myths is instrumental for communities with limited access or knowledge of healthcare and diseases. EP-HEAT® events serve as a platform for evaluating the sources of community’s current health information, prevalence of healthcare myths, understanding the community’s health information needs, and disseminating accurate health information while dispelling myths in a culturally competent manner. Medical students need to become proficient in serving as educators, particularly in underserved areas. The skills developed by participating in EP-HEAT® myth-buster events provide information to the community while simultaneously providing opportunities for medical students to organize these events and allowing them to act as community-facing educators that may promote their professional identity development.

Cedric Kiplimo, Ciira wa Maina, Billy Okal

Forests are a vital source of food, fuel, and medicine and play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Strategic and policy decisions on forest management and conservation require accurate and up-to-date information on available forest resources. Forest inventory data such as tree parameters, heights, and crown diameters must be collected and analysed to monitor forests effectively. Traditional manual techniques are slow and labour-intensive, requiring additional personnel, while existing non-contact methods are costly, computationally intensive, or less accurate. Kenya plans to increase its forest cover to 30% by 2032 and establish a national forest monitoring system. Building capacity in forest monitoring through innovative field data collection technologies is encouraged to match the pace of increase in forest cover. This study explored the applicability of low-cost, non-contact tree inventory based on stereoscopic photogrammetry in a recently reforested stand in Kieni Forest, Kenya. A custom-built stereo camera was used to capture images of 251 trees in the study area from which the tree heights and crown diameters were successfully extracted quickly and with high accuracy. The results imply that stereoscopic photogrammetry is an accurate and reliable method that can support the national forest monitoring system and REDD+ implementation.

Andrii Biloshchytskyi, Malika Shamgunova, Svitlana Biloshchytska

In today's academic environment, the rapid growth of research publications calls for advanced methods to organize and understand the extensive collections of academic work. This study aims to systematically categorize a substantial number of research paper abstracts from Kazakhstani institutions, focusing on identifying key themes and potential interdisciplinary collaboration opportunities. The dataset includes 13,356 abstracts from the Scopus database, covering a wide range of academic fields. The methodology of this research goes beyond traditional hand-done analysis by using advanced text analysis tools to organize the text data efficiently. This initial phase is crucial for summarizing each abstract's core content. The next steps of the analysis use this organized data to find and group similar thematic areas, considering the complex and multi-dimensional nature of academic research topics. The results reveal a diverse array of research themes, highlighting the dynamic academic contributions from Kazakhstan. Significant areas such as environmental science, technological advancements, linguistics, and cultural studies are among the prominent clusters identified. These insights not only provide an overview of current research directions but also highlight the potential for cross-disciplinary partnerships. Moreover, the findings have important implications for decision-makers, scholars, and educational institutions by illuminating key research areas and collaborative possibilities. This thematic overview acts as a guide for shaping research policies, fostering academic connections, and efficiently distributing resources within the scholarly community. Ultimately, this study adds to the academic conversation by offering a way to navigate and utilize the wealth of information in scientific literature, promoting a more collaborative and integrated research environment.

Phu Pham, Hieu Le, Nguyen Thanh Tam et al.

In the recent years, the academic paper influence analysis has been widely studied due to its potential applications in the multiple areas of science information metric and retrieval. By identifying the academic influence of papers, authors, etc., we can directly support researchers to easily reach academic papers. These recommended candidate papers are not only highly relevant with their desired research topics but also highly-attended by the research community within these topics. For very recent years, the rapid developments of academic networks, like Google Scholar, Research Gate, CiteSeerX, etc., have significantly boosted the number of new published papers annually. It also helps to strengthen the borderless cooperation between researchers who are interested on the same research topics. However, these current academic networks still lack the capabilities of provisioning researchers deeper into most-influenced papers. They also largely ignore quite/irrelevant papers, which are not fully related with their current interest topics. Moreover, the distributions of topics within these academic papers are considered as varying and it is difficult to extract the main concentrated topics in these papers. Thus, it leads to challenges for researchers to find their appropriated/high-qualified reference resources while doing researches. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we proposed a novel approach of paper influence analysis through their content-based and citation relationship-based analyses within the biographical network. In order to effectively extract the topic-based relevance from papers, we apply the integrated graph-based citation relationship analysis with topic modeling approach to automatically learn the distributions of keyword-based labeled topics in forms of unsupervised learning approach, named as TopCite. Then, we base on the constructed graph-based paper–topic structure to identify their relevancy levels. Upon the identified relevancy levels between papers, we can support for improving the accuracy performance of other bibliographic network mining tasks, such as paper similarity measurement, recommendation, etc. Extensive experiments in real-world AMiner bibliographic dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed ideas in this paper.

Daniel Crowther, Holly McCulloch, Helen Wong et al.

Abstract Introduction Engaging children and young people (CYP) with and without their parents in health research has the potential to improve the development and implementation of health interventions. However, to our knowledge, the scope of engagement activities used with this population and barriers to their engagement is unknown. The objective of this review was to identify and describe CYP engagement with and without their parents in the development and/or implementation of health interventions. Methods This scoping review included any primary research studies reporting on engaging CYP, with or without parents, in the design and/or implementation of health interventions. Healthcare professionals had to be involved over the course of the study and the study had to take place in either community, primary or tertiary care settings. The following databases were searched in May 2017, May 2020 and June 2021: Medline (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO) and Embase (Elsevier). Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full‐text articles and used a previously piloted extraction form to extract and summarize information from the included articles. Results Twenty‐eight articles discussing twenty‐four studies were included. CYP engagement throughout the research cycle was limited. There were no observed differences in the reported presence of engagement, types of interventions or outcomes of engagement between studies engaging CYP or CYP and parents. Studies engaging CYP and parents contained limited information on how these relationships affected outcomes of engagement. Engagement was enabled primarily by the maintenance of resources and relationships among stakeholders. Conclusions Although CYP engagement often influenced health intervention and implementation design, they are inconsistently engaged across the research cycle. It is unclear whether parental involvement enhances CYP engagement. Future research should consider reporting guidelines to clarify the level of CYP and/or parent engagement, and enhance CYP engagement by fostering synergistic and sustainable partnerships with key stakeholders. Patient or Public Contribution A parent partner with codesign experience contributed to the creation of the research questions, screened titles, abstracts and full texts, helped with data extraction and provided feedback on the manuscript.

Salma Sana, Ines Vollhardt, Katharina Kubon et al.

Abstract Objective Insect pests can cause severe losses in oilseed rape yields across Europe. Genomic and transcriptomic information is very limited for these insects. The aim of our study was to provide transcriptomic resources on several oilseed rape herbivores that will support research into their biology and help develop new methods of sustainable pest management. Data Transcriptomes for larval stages of five major European pest species were de novo assembled by Trinity assembler. Total number of transcripts ranged from 112,247 for Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus to 225,110 for Ceutorhyncus napi. Intermediate numbers of 140,588, 140,998 and 144,504, were found for Psylliodes chrysocephala, Dasineura brassicae, and Brassicogethes aeneus, respectively. Bench-marking universal single-copy orthologues analyses for each dataset indicated high degree of completeness for all five species. The transcriptomes extend the list of genomic data on insect larvae that constitute major pests of oilseed rape. The data provide information on larval physiology and form a basis to develop highly specific RNA interference-based plant protection.

Marcos Cortés Guadarrama

Este artículo estudia la relevancia de un hecho en el que, hasta el momento, no había reparado la historia de la medicina, la historia del libro ni la filología: el Tratado breve de cirugía (1579) y el Tratado breve de medicina (1592) traducen y adaptan parte del contenido anatómico y quirúrgico que escribió Juan de Vigo en su Practica in arte chirurgica copiosa (1514). La propuesta es que este hecho no resta originalidad a los dos tratados del médico agustino fray Agustín Farfán, señalando que el tratamiento de la obra del médico del papa Julio II –además de otros factores más allá del texto– influyó en el desequilibrio editorial existente entre los dos tratados. Se concluye con una posible justificación del porqué el último tratado (1592) sería reeditado en 1610, ya bajo el beneficio de la Orden de San Agustín; determinamos una respuesta que atiende a cuestiones políticas, propias de una orden religiosa mendicante que fue de las primeras en convertirse en una institución criolla.

Peng Zhou, Peng Zhou, Peng Zhou et al.

While there have been various studies on global vegetation dynamics, limited studies have been conducted to understand vegetation changes in arid areas. Vegetation distribution patterns can be affected by multiple factors, so understanding their interactions can help improve the capability of predicting future vegetation dynamics. This study, therefore, analyzed the dynamic vegetation changes in Alxa League, China, using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dataset (2000–2019), with the consideration of land cover types, digital elevation model, air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, total evaporation, and air quality. The results show that the NDVI in Alxa League is small. Before 2012, the NDVI value fluctuated, while after 2012, the NDVI value dropped sharply and then slowly recovered after 2015. High NDVI values were found in areas with high and frequent human activities (city centers). The NDVI in the northwest region showed a slight degradation trend, and the southeast showed a slight improvement trend. According to the land cover type analysis, the NDVI value was the largest when the land cover type was tree cover, and the NDVI value was the smallest when the land cover type was bare/sparse vegetation. Alxa League was dominated by a bare/sparse vegetation distribution. The terrain analysis indicates that when the height was between 1800 and 3492 m, the NDVI value was the highest, and high NDVI values were mainly distributed in the area with a slope > 25°. When the slope was flat, the NDVI value was the smallest. Considering climate factors, the NDVI was negatively correlated with air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, and total evaporation in space, and only precipitation and soil moisture were positively correlated in time. Moreover, the population size has a strong positive correlation with the NDVI in this area. The monthly variation of the NDVI and absorbable particulate matter (PM10) was negatively correlated, i.e., strongly negatively correlated in spring, summer, and autumn, but only weakly positively correlated in winter. The seasonal variation of the NDVI was as follows: summer > autumn > spring > winter, and the seasonal variation of PM10 was spring > winter > summer > autumn. The interannual variation of the NDVI and PM10 was positively correlated. This suggests that the absorbable particulate matter (PM10) may be an essential factor for the normalized vegetation index to underestimate the dynamic changes of vegetation in arid regions. This study provides a theoretical basis for the dynamic changes of vegetation in the dry Alxa League.

Andrea Cid-Lucero, Raquel González- Fernández, José Valero Galán

En el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de los extractos acuosos (decocción y maceración acuosa) y etanólico de dos especies del género Cylindropuntia sobre el crecimiento micelial de Fusarium sp. y Aspergillus sp. en condiciones in vitro. Los extractos se realizaron de cladodios de C. imbricata y C. leptocaulis en tres concentraciones (10 %, 20 % y 30 %) y se añadieron a cajas Petri para formar un medio de cultivo extracto-agar nutritivo. Los medios de cultivo se inocularon con las diferentes cepas fitopatógenas y se incubaron por 10 días y se midió el crecimiento del micelio de cada una de las cepas en cada uno de los tratamientos y cada concentración cada 24 horas. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre los extractos de las plantas. C. imbricata presentó una mayor estimulación del crecimiento micelial con respecto a la obtenida de C. leptocaulis. Aspergillus sp. fue la cepa que presentó el mayor crecimiento micelial y Fusarium sp. presentó un menor crecimiento. El extracto etanólico presentó un mayor porcentaje de crecimiento micelial, seguido de los extractos obtenidos de la decocción y los que presentaron un menor crecimiento micelial fueron los obtenidos por maceración acuosa. Las concentraciones del 30 % fueron las que presentaron un mayor crecimiento micelial, seguida de las concentraciones del 20 %, y finalmente las concentraciones del 10 %. Nosotros concluimos que estos extractos no presentaron un efecto inhibitorio en el crecimiento de micelio de estos hongos fitopatógenos; al contrario, los extractos de ambas especies estimularon el crecimiento de estos hongos. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v14i3.641

Mihaela CRIŞAN-VIDA, Lăcrămioara STOICU-TIVADAR

The interoperability topic is very important for the digital healthcare domain, ensuring standard data gathering, continuity in processing and meaningful use of health data for human wellbeing. The exchange of information between different medical units had to be made and the interoperability ensured. The interoperability between different medical units can increase the life expectancy, reduce medical errors and provide more medical information for medical personnel, in case of an emergency the life of a patient can be saved because of a timely and quick access to information. To ensure interoperability, lately the HL7 FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) standard was developed. FHIR is a standard for healthcare data exchange published by HL7 organization. The specification of FHIR describes a set of base resources, frameworks and APIs that are used in many different contexts in healthcare. The talk will cover a review of the standard and its application for the Obstetrics-Gynecology Department Information System (OGD IS). The cloud computing technology is used for storing the files in the standard format, from where can be accessed by a different accepted medical unit. The OGD IS is a web application developed using Visual Studio.NET 2015, using ASP.NET pages and C# language, the database is Microsoft SQL and the cloud used is Microsoft Azure. Using these technologies will improve the exchange of information, because the cloud is always available, the communication is fast, the only requirement is that the information system to have Internet connection.

Alizamen Rahemi Ardakani, Yahya Esmaeilpour, Yaser Mohammadi et al.

The aim of this study was identifying the factors affecting the participation of members of cooperative company in biological restoration and natural resources management projects in Lapooei village using survey method. Six hundreds households selected between 1574 active members of cooperative society as the statistical population. The sample size calculated 234 using Krejcie and Morgan table and sampled in completely randomized manner. Data collected using researcher-made questionnaire, which it's validity and stability confirmed respectively by panel of experts and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (value greater than 0.9). Data analysis done by SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the age variable had the most direct and positive effect on participation rate and job and marital status had a significant negative correlation with participation rate. Satisfaction with the implementation of previous plans, informing and advertising of the goals of the plans, and the role of people in the plans had a positive and significant effect on the level of participation. The most effective item was informing and raising awareness of people in different ways and then the objectives of the plans. All studied items had a significant positive correlation with participation rate. Ultimately, the development of the role and participation of people living in villages and have direct relation to the resources evaluated as a strong factor affecting biological restoration projects. In conclusion, raising people information about the goals and impacts of biological restoration projects has led to improvement of their participation in management and restoration plans of natural resources.

Muhammad Trial Fiar Erawan, Tri Prartono, Ali Arman

Karimata strait connects South China Sea and Indonesia territorial seas where the strait current pattern is affected by west and east monsoon. This condition influences particles depositing sedimentation process in the strait. Lack information about sediment depositing rate at the straits dozens years ago makes this research is important to be conducted. This research was to estimate sediment depositing rate in the strait in two areas, near shore and off shore of Borneo. The research was conducted on June to September 2015 used coring sediment samples. Those samples were derived from Baruna Jaya VIII Ship Cruise on June 2015 that was collaborative research between Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affairs of Indonesia and National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN).Samples were analyzed in the laboratory of Chemical and Ocean, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Center of Radiation and Isotope, National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN). Estimation of sediment depositing rate used natural isotope 210Pb. The study shows that the depositing rate of the nearest to Borneo area is about 0.92 kg.m-2.y-1 (1965) and increases to be 3.31 kg.m-2.y-1 (2009). The other area is about 0.08 kg.m-2.y-1 (1840) and increases to be 1.78 kg.m-2.y-1 (2010). This result implies that the sediment depositing rate at the nearest area to Borneo is higher than the off shore.   Keywords: Near shore, off shore, Natural Isotop 210Pb, CRS (Constant Rate of Supply) model

Diane M. Fulkerson, Susan Andriette Ariew, Trudi E. Jacobson

In the early drafts of the Information Literacy Framework for Higher Education, metaliteracy and metacognition contributed several guiding principles in recognition of the fact that information literacy concepts need to reflect students' roles as creators and participants in research and scholarship. The authors contend that diminution of metaliteracy and metacognition occurred during later revisions of the Framework and thus diminished the document's usefulness as a teaching tool. This article highlights the value of metaliteracy and metacognition in order to support the argument that these concepts are critical to information literacy today, and that the language of these concepts should be revisited in the language of the Framework. Certainly metacognition and metaliteracy should be included in pedagogical strategies submitted to the newly launched ACRL Framework for Information Literacy Sandbox.

Larsen, Mark Erik, Nicholas, Jennifer, Christensen, Helen

BackgroundFor many mental health conditions, mobile health apps offer the ability to deliver information, support, and intervention outside the clinical setting. However, there are difficulties with the use of a commercial app store to distribute health care resources, including turnover of apps, irrelevance of apps, and discordance with evidence-based practice. ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to quantify the longevity and rate of turnover of mental health apps within the official Android and iOS app stores. The secondary aim was to quantify the proportion of apps that were clinically relevant and assess whether the longevity of these apps differed from clinically nonrelevant apps. The tertiary aim was to establish the proportion of clinically relevant apps that included claims of clinical effectiveness. We performed additional subgroup analyses using additional data from the app stores, including search result ranking, user ratings, and number of downloads. MethodsWe searched iTunes (iOS) and the Google Play (Android) app stores each day over a 9-month period for apps related to depression, bipolar disorder, and suicide. We performed additional app-specific searches if an app no longer appeared within the main search ResultsOn the Android platform, 50% of the search results changed after 130 days (depression), 195 days (bipolar disorder), and 115 days (suicide). Search results were more stable on the iOS platform, with 50% of the search results remaining at the end of the study period. Approximately 75% of Android and 90% of iOS apps were still available to download at the end of the study. We identified only 35.3% (347/982) of apps as being clinically relevant for depression, of which 9 (2.6%) claimed clinical effectiveness. Only 3 included a full citation to a published study. ConclusionsThe mental health app environment is volatile, with a clinically relevant app for depression becoming unavailable to download every 2.9 days. This poses challenges for consumers and clinicians seeking relevant and long-term apps, as well as for researchers seeking to evaluate the evidence base for publicly available apps.

G. L. Gray, Victoria Chiu, Qi Liu et al.

K. Schaie, K. Gribbin

R. Baraglia, Patrizio Dazzi, M. Mordacchini et al.

Hossein Falaki, Ratul Mahajan, D. Estrin