Guorui Zhou, Cheng-Ning Song, Xiaoqiang Zhu
et al.
Click-through rate prediction is an essential task in industrial applications, such as online advertising. Recently deep learning based models have been proposed, which follow a similar Embedding&MLP paradigm. In these methods large scale sparse input features are first mapped into low dimensional embedding vectors, and then transformed into fixed-length vectors in a group-wise manner, finally concatenated together to fed into a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to learn the nonlinear relations among features. In this way, user features are compressed into a fixed-length representation vector, in regardless of what candidate ads are. The use of fixed-length vector will be a bottleneck, which brings difficulty for Embedding&MLP methods to capture user's diverse interests effectively from rich historical behaviors. In this paper, we propose a novel model: Deep Interest Network (DIN) which tackles this challenge by designing a local activation unit to adaptively learn the representation of user interests from historical behaviors with respect to a certain ad. This representation vector varies over different ads, improving the expressive ability of model greatly. Besides, we develop two techniques: mini-batch aware regularization and data adaptive activation function which can help training industrial deep networks with hundreds of millions of parameters. Experiments on two public datasets as well as an Alibaba real production dataset with over 2 billion samples demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed approaches, which achieve superior performance compared with state-of-the-art methods. DIN now has been successfully deployed in the online display advertising system in Alibaba, serving the main traffic.
This research reviews the literature on case study as a strategic qualitative research methodology. Although case studies have been criticised by some authors as lacking scientific rigour and do not address generalizability, this research, however, reiterated its appropriateness when dealing with a process or a complex real-life activities in great-depth. Case study has been commonly used in social science fields like sociology, industrial relations and anthropology eventhough generally was considered an underutilized strategy. Hence, this research explained the general concept of a case study, strengths and weaknesses of using this method knowing that theoretically case is exciting and data rich. Based on a study of four organizations and the researcher’s own experience, this article described matters on how case study was undertaken, gaining excess to those organizations and the systematic process of data collection and triangulation (multiple techniques). It was noted that combining multiple techniques for elicitng data in case study research actually strengthens and confirmed results.
According to EuroStat data, the recorded landings of fisheries products from European waters were estimated at about 6 million tons in 2001, down to 3.2 million tons in 2022. This gradual decline slowed after the entering into force of the reform of the European Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) at the end of 2013, but was followed by a steeper decline after 2018. This is reflected in the last assessment of the Scientific Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STEPF), noting that despite progress in the NE Atlantic management, 41% of the assessed stocks in 2022 were outside safe biological limits, down from 80% in 2003. Improvements in the Mediterranean are significantly slower. A warming ocean provokes the measurable poleward migration of species and adds stress to predator–prey relations in all European seas. Within this general picture, the broad-brush landscape is influenced by policy applications more in favour of industrial exploitation and regulatory and market environments, making it very hard for many small-scale fishers (SSFs) to remain in business, let alone attract younger successors for generational transition. In crowded marine spaces, it is a challenge to allocate access rights fairly between fisheries, exclusion zones for resource and habitat protection and much-needed ecosystem recovery, platforms for fossil exploitation, wind farms, underwater cables and recreational uses. Two examples of local initiatives with faunal recovery potential in the Mediterranean are briefly presented as a bottom-up complement to more top-down management approaches. They are spearheaded by artisanal fishers, who seek to restore spawning grounds and other coastal habitats as a way to procure enough fish and other complementary activities to secure their livelihoods in the future. They are supported by local scientists and nature conservation organisations. While promising, this is still rather the exception. Here, it is argued that trust-building between artisanal fishers, conservationists and scientists, and greater systemic support to SSFs by governments, increase chances for the urgently needed structural shifts that deliver the reversal in the ongoing decline in biodiversity and ocean productivity that all aspire to, to ensure sustained social and economic benefits.
Objetivo: este trabalho objetiva estudar de que forma, em uma perspectiva não apenas teórica, mas especialmente prática, mercados de trabalho podem ser considerados na análise de atos de concentração econômica submetidos à aprovação da autoridade antitruste brasileira, o Cade.
Método: são apresentados parâmetros a serem adotados, pelo Cade, para a avaliação de efeitos concorrenciais voltados à dimensão trabalho dos mercados relevantes, a partir da análise clássica de operações detalhadas no Guia para Análise de Atos de Concentração Horizontal elaborado pelo Cade e de estudos que abordam aspectos concorrenciais voltados a mercados de trabalho. Ao longo do artigo, são apresentadas propostas relacionadas à avaliação das próprias características das operações (a definição de mercado relevante; os fatores capazes de influenciar a probabilidade do exercício de poder de monopsônio; o debate sobre eventuais eficiências econômicas; e o desenho de remédios a serem considerados para sanar preocupações), como também sugestões que perpassam ajustes à redação da Resolução Cade nº 33/2022, a necessidade de atualização de guias, a regulamentação de cláusulas restritivas à concorrência, a celebração de acordo de cooperação técnica com o MTE e o incentivo à maior participação de sindicatos na análise de operações.
Conclusões: não é necessária qualquer modificação na legislação concorrencial brasileira para que aspectos voltados a mercados de trabalho possam ser considerados no âmbito do controle de estruturas do Cade. De todo modo, foram apresentadas ao final propostas a serem implementadas no sentido de facilitar a abordagem do tema nos próximos anos.
The study examines the content of demographic policy, the impact of the state of the population on ensuring state and legal sovereignty, reveals the role of such factors as natural population growth, its quantitative and qualitative characteristics, the country's ability to strengthen national cohesion and maintain independence in the conditions of aggravating interstate relations and the beginning of digitalization era. Russia's policy of reviving competitiveness and influencing the political world order relies not only on diplomatic, but also on other components of state sovereignty, which can be qualified as territorial, industrial, technological, legal, educational, cultural, informational, as well as other components, among which demographic sovereignty plays an important role. It is ensured by a strong social policy in the field of population conservation, its quantitative and qualitative condition, as well as responsible regulation of migration processes.
Contexto: No contexto da Lei 12.529/11, o artigo visa analisar as possibilidades institucionais presentes na legislação quanto à aplicabilidade do compliance concorrencial como um instrumento potencializador do enforcement antitruste em Termos de Compromisso de Cessação (TCCs).
Objetivo: Demonstrar de que forma pode-se melhorar o enforcement antitruste a partir da aplicação do compliance como instrumento complementar em TCCs, sob à luz da Lei 12.529/11.
Método: O artigo foi desenvolvido essencialmente sob o método dedutivo e através de pesquisa bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira, desenvolvida sob confluência multidisciplinar entre textos de Direito e Economia, juntamente com a análise jurisprudencial de casos do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade).
Conclusões: Entende-se que é plenamente possível utilizar os programas de compliance como instrumento complementar de cooperação regulatória na defesa da concorrência, sendo possível vislumbrar avanços positivos nas possibilidades instrumentais do SBDC após a vigência da Lei 12.529/11, no entanto, observa-se que ainda existem caminhos a serem percorridos no Brasil.
Contextualização: Desde 2014, o CADE (Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica) tem se utilizado de procedimento denominado arbitragem como mecanismo de reforço ao monitoramento do cumprimento das condições assumidas pelas compromissárias em acordos em controle de concentração para a aprovação da operação.
Objetivo: O presente estudo busca analisar as características dos procedimentos arbitrais estabelecidos nos acordos em controle de concentração no âmbito do controle estrutural realizado pelo CADE, principalmente quanto à previsão de não vinculação da autarquia às decisões proferidas pelo árbitro.
Método: O trabalho parte da análise dos acordos em que a arbitragem foi inserida como método de reforço do monitoramento para questionar a viabilidade de se optar pela inserção do procedimento arbitral previsto pela Lei nº. 9.307/96, confrontando o conteúdo desses acordos com o entendimento doutrinário acerca da matéria.
Conclusões: Os resultados apontam que a decisão acerca do cumprimento das condições assumidas nos acordos deve ser tomada no exercício da atividade administrativa pelo CADE, com fulcro no poder de polícia concorrencial indelegável que lhe foi concedido por Lei. A existência de incompatibilidades entre o exercício da atividade administrativa e a natureza jurisdicional da arbitragem também contribui para a inadequação da previsão da arbitragem da Lei nº. 9.307/96 como mecanismo de reforço ao monitoramento exercido pelo Cade.
Alessandro Galdelli, Mariapaola D’Imperio, Gabriele Marchello
et al.
Predictive maintenance on infrastructures is currently a hot topic. Its importance is proportional to the damages resulting from the collapse of the infrastructure. Bridges, dams and tunnels are placed on top on the scale of severity of potential damages due to the fact that they can cause loss of lives. Traditional inspection methods are not objective, tied to the inspector’s experience and require human presence on site. To overpass the limits of the current technologies and methods, the authors of this paper developed a unique new concept: a remote visual inspection system to perform predictive maintenance on infrastructures such as bridges. This is based on the fusion between advanced robotic technologies and the Automated Visual Inspection that guarantees objective results, high-level of safety and low processing time of the results.
In this investigation, the novel fractional order simulations are performed in order to inspect the characteristics of mass and heat transfer over porous inclined surface subject to the magnetic force impact. The radiative phenomenon and slip wall constraints are utilized to make the model more comprehensive. The convective thermal mechanism of heat transfer is predicted with assumptions of ramped temperature. The recent definitions of fractional derivatives are followed. The famous technique of fractional approach namely Atangana-Baleanu (AB) and Caputo-time fractional derivative are employed for the solution procedure. Various relations expressing the mathematical functions for the fractional derivatives are encountered. The major outcomes are listed for parameters govern for the model. This obtained result reflects many engineering and industrial applications like thermal processes, processing industries, nuclear reactions, solar systems, energy production etc.
<p>This study focuses on reviewing and analyzing the current sociological discourse devoted to the problems of routine service labor. The article reveals such aspects as the specifics of interactive service work, methods for assessing the size and composition of the service portion of the working class, how the updated properties of labor relations influence the traditional methods used by researchers to conceptualize them, the specific qualities of class consciousness inherent to the service sphere. It has been established that in foreign discourse of sociology of labor, research in the service sphere is currently at the forefront. The focus is on such problems as the structure of the new post-industrial working class, the inclusion of the client into the traditional worker/employer dyad as a third element that reconfigures the stable structures of labor relations, the increased importance of “emotional labor”, physicality and the so-called “soft qualities” of workers, the ideology of consumer sovereignty and the problems that it generates, the precarization of labor that leads to the deprivation of interactive service workers, the class consciousness and resistance practices of routine services employees. In domestic science, this issue is considered mainly from the standpoint of economics and management. In Russian sociology, service research has not been fully updated, there is no theoretical foundation, and the concept of service workers as part of the working class has not yet taken form. The majority of Russian authors rely on the structural and functional paradigm in the study of the service sphere, which does not correlate with the problems relevant to international sociology and the methods of their analysis.</p>